The visual effects of port redevelopment alternatives

Abstract

In the early 1970s, Seattle Piers 90/91 were declared surplus federal property by the GSA. These obsolescent half‐mile‐long piers and their adjacent uplands were purchased by the Port of Seattle for redevelopment. This urban waterfront site of almost 200 acres presents the Port of Seattle with a number of severe planning problems. While it is the last large deep‐water site on Elliott Bay, it is also in a very sensitive location, since it is overlooked on two sides by vocal residential communities with a history of active intervention in development projects on visual and other environmental grounds.

At Piers 90/91, public concerns over the visual effects of port redevelopment include:

1. nuisance effects of night‐operations lighting on adjacent hillside residences;

2. nighttime obstruction of distant views due to increased foreground illumination;

3. day and night view obstruction by tall structures such as container‐handling cranes;

4. alteration of the character of both day and nighttime views by new port facilities.

As part of a program to study the effects of alternative redevelopment strategies for Piers 90/91, the Port has undertaken a through examination of the visual effects of different uses, their visual appropriateness, and the ways by which adverse visual effects can be mitigated. The results were incorporated into an environmental impact statement which documented compliance with the Seattle Shoreline Master Program and with view protection and glare provisions of the City's S.E.P.A. guidelines.

A systematic Visual Resource Management (VRM) approach was successfully employed on this coastal zone project. Major elements included visibility mapping, key view selection, analysis of existing visual character, simulation of alternatives, assessment of relative visual compatibility, and determination of effective mitigation measures. Community involvement has also been a critical element in this approach to assessing and managing the visual effects of redevelopment in a major urban port.     

影视摄影中的“三景”辩证关系

景物、景别、景深是影视摄影中三个非常重要的术语，合称“三景”。“三景”在理论表述中，既有各自不同的特质，又有相互之间的关联；在实际应用中，既有技术操作的参与，又有艺术创作的渗入。理清“三景”之间的辩证关系，将为进一步提高影视摄影的技艺水平开启一个新的思路。     

坚持科学的学习观之必要和可能——基于"什么是马克思主义,怎样对待马克思主义"的思考

为什么要学习马克思主义,从根本上取决于马克思主义的客观性,在主观上取决于中国共产党人对马克思主义客观性的认识和把握程度,体现的是"客体决定论"与"主体选择论"的统一.怎样学习马克思主义,既取决于中国共产党人对于马克思主义的坚持和发展,也取决于中国共产党人对于马克思主义理论的研究和应用,体现的是"坚持和发展统一论"与"学...     

海洋观课程的创新与实践

从开展海洋观课程创新与实践的针对性、紧迫性、目的性、阶段性等方面,论述了开设海洋观课程的基本认识.指出航海院校,应该让海洋观和海洋意识教育正式进入大学生的课堂,当好海洋观和海洋意识教育的标兵.     

中国古典戏曲小说“大团圆现象”管窥

“大团圆”是我国特有的一种文学现象，它大量出现在宋以后的戏曲小说中，它与中华民族特有的宇宙观和人生观有关，只有从中国人的宇宙观和人生观这一角度审视“大团圆现象”，剖析“大团圆心理”，才能真正认识“大团圆”的深刻内涵，并对其作出历史唯物主义的评价.     

历史唯物主义本真精神的当代回归与弘扬

对现实的人、现实的社会、现实的社会问题的关注,是历史唯物主义生成的思想起因。历史唯物主义首先并主要是从对现实社会与历史的批判研究中获得经验材料,从对前人的哲学观点社会历史意义的批判性考察中获得理论进步的。“改变世界”是历史唯物主义的最终目的和理想。因此,历史唯物主义本真精神不同于一般地抽象谈论实践精神的关键点在于来自社会实践的全部理论,以将其付诸社会实践为目的。综合性与整体性、过程性与开放性、以及人道性与人文性,是本真精神观照下历史唯物主义的理论特点。构建社会主义和谐社会任务的提出,是人道性和历史唯物主义本真精神在当代的回归与弘扬,本文对此作了详细诠释。     

The link between economic and environmental performance of the top 10 U.S. ports

Ports currently face increasing demands to address a variety of environmental issues and achieve sustainability objectives. Using insights from the resource-based view of firms, this study examines the link between economic performance (EP) and environmental performance (ENP) of the top 10 U.S. seaports. Geospatial modeling is used to capture pollution incidents that can be geographically dispersed; in addition, both a bootstrap data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach and an undesirable DEA model are used to measure port ENP and EP. Our findings are in general consistent with assertions that positive EP can be attained in conjunction with good environmental practices. Ports’ capabilities of strategic capital investment in physical assets, collaborative interorganizational processes, and performance monitoring are essential, while they pursue both economic and environmental goals simultaneously.     

中国特色社会主义文化演变的特点及启示

中国特色社会主义文化,在我国进行改革开放和现代化建设的过程中,成为凝聚和激励全国各族人民的重要力量,并且发挥了极其巨大的作用。回顾中国特色社会主义文化形成和发展演变的历程,总结其基本特点,对于我国的社会主义文化建设具有重要的启示。     

毛泽东对中国共产党马克思主义人民主体观的卓越贡献——谨以此文纪念毛泽东同志诞辰120周年

毛泽东同志是中国共产党杰出的领导人。他为实现民族之独立和人民之解放,作出了彪炳史册的贡献。中国共产党的人民主体观,他有着开创性的卓越贡献。毛泽东遵循,中国共产党要代表人民,这是历史唯物主义观点的真实写照;毛泽东主张,共产党要服务人民,这是中国马克思主义政党的政治本色;毛泽东倡导,共产党要依靠人民,这是我们党发展与壮大自己力量的活力源泉;毛泽东追求,共产党要忠诚于人民,这是源于中国革命和建设的价值判断。     

"555"原则及其在公路景观设计中的应用

公路路侧景观应为各种景象"掠影"和"全景"的组合,而不是公路两侧绿化带的简单遮挡。基于动视觉和交通心理学基本原理,提出了公路景观设计的"555"原则。即,"掠影"效果的实现,需要景物在驾驶员的视野中至少停留0.5 s;"全景"效果的实现,需要景物在驾驶员的视野中至少停留5 s;而为了防止景观单调引起的驾驶疲劳,同一景观宜每5 min变化一次。最后,给出了"555"原则在公路路侧设计中的应用示例。该原则可以为公路景观设计参数的量化提供参考。