基于MQ插值的变形网格在船舶阻力预报中的应用

在非结构切分网格的框架下,发展了一种基于Multi-Quadric插值的变形网格技术,结合CFD软件STAR-CCM+,采用SST湍流模型,并以VOF法进行自由液面的追踪,将该变形网格技术应用于带附体穿浪双体船的阻力预报中。分别以网格的拉伸变形和斜率变形实现了阻流板和尾楔的边界运动,计算了阻流板高度为4 mm、6 mm和8 mm以及尾楔角度为5°、10°和15°时的工况。计算结果表明,变形网格方法与固定网格方法取得了相同的精度;同试验值相比,在不同工况下变形网格最大平均误差约为6.67%,验证了其可行性。但是,相比于固定网格方法,变形网格方法的计算时耗最大可减少40%,因此采用该变形网格方法可极大地提高带可变形附体的船舶的阻力预报效率。     

动力定位时时域模拟程序试验验证

在启用新的动力定位系统时,数值和试验验证方法,包括静态动力定位能力分析、动态的时域模拟和模型试验应该用来设计,分析和预测新系统的性能。为了精确并经济地验证动力定位系统的性能,在Matlab\Simulink环境中,开发了一个能够进行一个"试验"来评估一个新设计的动力定位系统和其子系统的程序。另外,这个新开发的动力定位时域模拟程序的可靠性通过对一个半潜平台的模型试验进行了评估。结果表明,这个程序可以作为一个船舶研究工具用来检验新设计的动力定位系统或其新模块。     

有含水量控制要求的围海造陆工程吹填高程预测

以南港工业区造陆五区工程为依托,根据现场试验取得的数据,总结分析了含水量随深度的变化规律、各层含水量随时间的变化规律以及含水量与高程之间的对应关系,计算得出南港区域淤泥质吹填土由高含水量的淤泥状态到表层1 m范围内的土体含水量都小于85%,需要经过2 a左右的晾晒时间,初始吹填高程为6.91 m以上,才能满足验收要求。从工程实施结果看具有良好的效果,也为今后类似工程提供了一定的借鉴。     

航空兵协同对海打击时间协同模型研究

时间因素在协同作战中作用日益凸显。首先对简单时间约束网络进行了分析,而后根据时间约束网络,对航空兵协同时间约束进行了定量化,将定量时间约束转化为 STCN要求的不等式形式,给出了时间协同STCN模型建模的具体流程,最后,建立了基于 STCN的d个协同动作时间约束模型。     

Modification of the Highway Capacity Manual two‐lane highway analysis procedure for Spanish conditions

The US Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) methodology is used in Spain to evaluate traffic operation and quality of service. The effect of passing manoeuvre on two‐lane highway operational performance is considered through adjustment factors to average travel speeds and percent time spent following. The procedure is largely based on simulations in TWOPAS and passing behaviours observed during US calibrations in the 1970s. It is not clear whether US driving behaviour and vehicles' performance are comparable with Spanish conditions. The objective of this research is to adapt the HCM 2010 methodology to Spanish driver behaviour, for base conditions (i.e. no passing restrictions). To do so, TWOPAS was calibrated and validated based on current Spanish passing field data. The calibration used a genetic algorithm. The case study included an ideal two‐lane highway with varying directional traffic flow rate, directional split and percentage of trucks. The updated methodology for base conditions is simpler than the current HCM 2010 and does not rely on interpolation from tables. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The speed control effect of highway tunnel sidewall markings based on color and temporal frequency

The low‐luminance monotonous environment in the middle section of highway tunnels offers few reference points and is prone to cause severe visual illusion. Thus, drivers tend to underestimate their driving speed, which can induce speeding behaviors that result in rear‐end collisions. Therefore, discovering low‐cost methods of traffic engineering that reduce this visual illusion and ensure a steady driving speed is an important challenge for current highway tunnel operations. This study analyzes the effects of sidewall markings in typical highway tunnels, specifically observing how their colors and temporal frequencies affect the driver's speed perception in a low‐luminance condition. A three‐dimensional model of the middle section of highway tunnels was built in a driving simulator. Psychophysical tests of speed perception were carried out by the method of limits. The precision of the simulation model was then checked by comparing the results to field test data. The simulation tests studied the stimulus of subjectively equal speed and reaction time in relation to sidewall markings in different colors (red–white combined, yellow–white combined, and blue–white combined). Furthermore, based on the optimal color, the effects of sidewall marking with different temporal frequencies (0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 32 Hz) on the speed perception of drivers were also analyzed. The test results reveal that the color and temporal frequency of sidewall marking have a significant impact on the driver's stimulus of subjectively equal speed and reaction time. The subjects have the highest speed overestimation and an easy speed judgment with the red–white combined sidewall marking. Within the temporal frequency range of 4.45–7.01 Hz, the subjects have a certain degree of speed overestimation (less than 20%), and the speed perception is sensitive to the temporal frequency changes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Finding time‐robust fuel‐efficient paths for a call‐taxi in a stochastic city road network

Intra‐city commuting is being revolutionized by call‐taxi services in many developing countries such as India. A customer requests a taxi via phone, and it arrives at the right time and at the right location for the pick‐up. This mode of intra‐city travel has become one of the most reliable and convenient modes of transportation for customers traveling for business and non‐business purposes. The increased number of vehicles on city roads and raising fuel costs has prompted a new type of transportation logistics problem of finding a fuel‐efficient and quickest path for a call‐taxi through a city road network, where the travel times are stochastic. The stochastic travel time of the road network is induced by obstacles such as the traffic signals and intersections. The delay and additional fuel consumption at each of these obstacles are calculated that are later imputed to the total travel time and fuel consumption of a path. A Monte‐Carlo simulation‐based approach is proposed to identify unique fuel‐efficient paths between two locations in a city road network where each obstacle has a delay distribution. A multi‐criteria score is then assigned to each unique path based on the probability that the path is fuel efficient, the average travel time of the path and the coefficient of variation of the travel times of the path. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

长春地铁解放大路站基于三维数值模拟的地铁车站施工工法优化分析

为了对地铁车站施工工法进行优化分析,依托长春地铁解放大路站工程,采用数值模拟方法建立数值模型,从中轴线上方地表沉降、拱顶沉降和拱顶应力3方面对6导洞PBA工法、8导洞PBA工法以及一次扣拱暗挖逆作法进行了对比分析,得到： 1）在施工过程中,3种工法的中轴线上方地表沉降、拱顶沉降和拱顶应力变化规律存在明显差异; 2）通过综合对比分析,一次扣拱暗挖逆作法最优,6导洞PBA工法最差。得到的对比分析结果对现场施工具有指导意义。     

基于AQWA的半潜式平台动力特性分析

依据三维势流理论并利用ANSYS AQWA软件对某半潜式平台进行建模。分析平台在恶劣海况下的水动力性能,并运用时域耦合的分析方法的得到了平台运动的时历曲线,同时对平台系泊锚链的系泊强度进行了校核计算。结果证明平台在恶劣海况下可安全有效的工作,本文的工作对于半潜式平台的相关设计有一定的参考意义。     

过饱和道路交通控制信号周期优化解分析

分析了过饱和交通条件下城市道路信号控制交叉口周期参数值的优化解。以拥挤消散时间和路网总延误为控制目标,采用定时信号控制策略,基于元胞传输模型建立了路网优化控制模型,并采用遗传算法优化信号配时,对比了不同信号周期条件下拥挤消散时间和路网总延误的变化规律。最后,本文以某市L路为算例分析了周期值与消散时间及路网总延误的关系,结论表明路网在过饱和拥堵条件下,当控制周期大于某一临界周期值时,相位差和绿信比的优化将无法抑制消散时间的持续增长趋势;最优配时结果的路网总延误值比采用传统最大周期控制策略的路网总延误值降低17％以上。