地铁车辆牵引电机异响问题及解决措施

针对某项目车辆牵引电机异响问题,介绍了故障牵引电机的调查过程,初步确认牵引电机异响的原因为牵引电机轴承出现异常;对出现异常的牵引电机轴承进行了调查,发现电机轴承出现电蚀现象;通过对电蚀轴承的进一步调查,初步确认牵引电机轴承轴端电流过大是牵引电机电蚀的原因。为解决牵引电机轴端电流过大的问题,提出了有效的整改措施,并进行了试验验证,取得了良好的效果。     

Handling performance control for hybrid 8-wheel-drive vehicle and simulation verification

In order to improve handling performance of a hybrid 8-Wheel-Drive vehicle, the handling performance control strategy was proposed. For armoured vehicle, besides handling stability in high speed, the minimum steer radius in low speed is also a key tactical and technical index. Based on that, the proposed handling performance control strategy includes ‘Handling Stability’ and ‘Radius Minimization’ control modes. In ‘Handling Stability’ control mode, ‘Neutralsteer Radio’ is defined to adjust the steering characteristics to satisfy different demand in different speed range. In ‘Radius Minimization’ control mode, the independent motors are controlled to provide an additional yaw moment to decrease the minimum steer radius. In order to verify the strategy, a simulation platform was built including engine and continuously variable transmission systems, generator and battery systems, independent motors and controllers systems, vehicle dynamic and tyre mechanical systems. The simulation results show that the handling performance of the vehicle can be enhanced significantly, and the minimum steer radius can be decreased by 20% which is significant improvement compared to the common level of main battle armoured vehicle around the world.     

Consumers’ willingness to pay for alternative fuel vehicles: A comparative discrete choice analysis between the US and Japan

This paper conducts a comparative discrete choice analysis to estimate consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for electric vehicles (EVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) on the basis of the same stated preference survey carried out in the US and Japan in 2012. We also carry out a comparative analysis across four US states. We find that on average US consumers are more sensitive to fuel cost reductions and alternative fuel station availability than are Japanese consumers. With regard to the comparative analysis across the four US states, consumers’ WTP for a fuel cost reduction in California is considerably greater than in the other three states. We use the estimates obtained in the discrete choice analysis to examine the EV/PHEV market shares under several scenarios. In a base case scenario with relatively realistic attribute levels, conventional gasoline vehicles still dominate both in the US and Japan. However, in an innovation scenario with a significant purchase price reduction, we observe a high penetration of alternative fuel vehicles both in the US and Japan. We illustrate the potential use of a discrete choice analysis for forward-looking policy analysis, with the future opportunity to compare its predictions against actual revealed choices. In this case, increased purchase price subsidies are likely to have a significant impact on the market shares of alternative fuel vehicles.     

盾构进出洞处地基水平杯型冻结加固的温度场研究

上海城市轨道交通某线在冻结法加固盾构进出洞工程在穿越一中间风井时采用水平杯型冻结技术。通过冻结温度场分析,验证了该风井处进出洞冻结工程设计中杯身冻结器比杯底冻结器长1.1 m的合理性,同时验证了水平杯型冻结壁设计在盾构机进出洞冻结工程设计中的科学性,为同类工程设计和施工提供借鉴。     

小净距隧道群中夹岩水平位移规律的现场实测研究

以福建省平潭综合实验区龙兴岭隧道为工程背景,对小净距隧道群开挖过程中的现场实测数据展开细致分析,重点关注中夹岩的水平位移规律。外侧中夹岩的深度累加位移曲线呈现“V”字形,随着掌子面推进,曲线发生朝向开挖隧道侧的水平偏移,并在开挖至测孔断面后达到最大值。外侧中夹岩的时间累计位移曲线呈现“D”字形,且在隧道上方软弱地层中,发生朝向开挖隧道侧的明显水平偏移。内侧中夹岩先发生朝向先行洞侧的偏移,后回弹并逐渐趋于稳定。中夹岩变形是时空效应共同作用的结果,开挖明显影响范围一般为监测断面前后8 m。     

城市轨道交通电气系统网络负荷建模方法研究

城市轨道交通电气系统网络存在分散性、时变性、随机性、多样性和非连续性等多种特性。介绍了几种常用的经典负荷模型结构。针对该电气系统网络系统的特点,采用带有反馈模拟云数据生成器,应用隶属度函数与经典负荷模型相结合理论,提出一种基于窗函数的负荷模型建模方法,并对该方法进行了仿真验证。     

电池管理系统里的电池健康评估和寿命预测

本文对锂离子电池的应用特性进行了总结,分析了电压、电流、温度三大参数对锂离子电池健康和寿命的影响,尤其是充电截止电压,化成电流和高温情况对电池容量的影响。以不同材料之间的比较试验为基础,重点分析了高充电截止电压,充电电流和高温对材料稳定结构的破坏,从而引发电池循环寿命降低的原理。最后基于电池使用中放电电流和环境温度应力为参数,进行了基于电压、电流、温度的锂离子电池循环寿命预计模型研究,得到锂离子电池循环寿命预计基础模型,为混合动力汽车锂电池3参数与寿命关联模型构建提供了重要的研究基础。     

泥水盾构水平直管内石碴起动速度研究

泥水盾构环流系统是将开挖下的石碴从掘进界面输送出来的核心系统,石碴在环流管道内的流动特性是决定石碴能否顺利输送的关键。论文基于计算流体力学和离散单元法建立泥水盾构环流系统水平直管内石碴运动模型,研究石碴形状系数、等容粒径和数量对石碴起动速度的影响。仿真研究结果表明： 在石碴等容粒径相等情况下,不同形状的石碴起动速度大小顺序为： 椭球体>扁平状>近球形;当石碴等容粒径为38.5、42.5、53.3、56.2、58 mm时,石碴起动速度分别为0.48、1.06、1.26、2.36、4.7 m/s,随等容粒径的增大呈指数增大;随数量的增多呈对数增长,多颗粒起动速度随数量的增多增幅较为平缓,最大增幅为21%。     

一种船舶可逆混合电力推进系统仿真研究

针对京杭大运河中运营的双燃料绿色动力船舶在低速推进运行时综合效率较低的情况,提出一种船舶双向可逆混合电力推进方案,可以有效减少机组的燃耗率和提高双燃料的替代率。设计了基于直接转矩控制方法的发电控制器和推进控制器。最后采用Simulink仿真整个系统运行,获得系统启动、加减速和平稳运行的波形,验证了系统的可行性。