员工岗位工作“考绩”量化办法刍议

对员工的岗位工作考绩是各单位人力资源管理中的一项重要工作内容，已引起各级领导的重视，岗位考绩办法也有了一定的改进。但由于工作难度大、改革进展不快，目前仍存在着考绩目的单一化、考绩内容扩大化、评判标准模糊化等问题。针对目前员工岗位考绩中存在的问题，提出了改进思路，认为对员工的岗位工作考绩主要是考核其岗位工作情况，不是评价其人格特质，提出对员工的岗位工作考绩应做到考绩内容具体化、考绩项目细化、考绩评分标准量化的办法。     

船舶企业人力资源管理分析

以当前船舶企业人力资源管理所面临的难题为切入点,从船舶企业人力资源管理的现状与存在的问题出发,阐述加强企业人力资源管理的重要意义,通过对南通中远川崎船舶工程有限公司人力资源管理发展策略的实例分析,探索适用于我国船舶企业的人力资源管理发展的培训、考核、激励、创新等一系列管理与开发策略。     

Do Marine Protected Areas Affect Human Nutrition and Health? A Comparison between Villages in Roviana,Solomon Islands

The implementation of marine protected areas (MPAs) for fisheries management has increased recently due to the perceived role of MPAs in conserving biodiversity, increasing fish stocks, and enhancing the food security of coastal communities. However, it is unclear whether MPAs may restrict the availability of marine resources and decrease overall food security and the health of the people. In the Roviana Lagoon of the Solomon Islands, we conducted cross-comparisons of villages with MPAs and a village without an MPA to assess whether MPAs influenced local perceptions of governance, environmental change, livelihood strategies, and actual human nutrition and health. Results showed that residents of villages with effective MPAs had higher energy and protein intake than those who had no MPA or an ineffective MPA. We conclude that “no-take” marine reserves do not have adverse effects and that when MPAs are effectively sustained they may enhance local nutrition and health.     

综合安全评估中人的可靠性分析

首先对综合安全评估的基本概念及应用范围进行了阐述,然后介绍了第一代、第二代人的可靠性分析方法的基本原理及其中有代表性的几种分析方法,最后,应用综合安全评估的原理对海事领域人的可靠性分析方法进行了研究,并提出了该领域人的可靠性分析存在的问题。     

Rapid quantification of the metabolite of valacyclovir hydrochloride in human plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Objective To establish a rapid, sensitive and selective liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of acyclovir (the metabolite of valacyclovir hydrochloride) in human plasma. Methods After addition of ganciclovir as internal standard (IS), plasma samples were prepared by one-step protein precipitation using acetonitrile as precipitant, followed by an isocratic elution with 0.1% formic acid 3.5μm) column. Detection was performed on a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer utilizing electrospray ionization (ESI) interface operating in positive ion and selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode with the precursor to product ion transitions m/z 226.2→152.1 for acyclovir and m/z 256.2→152.1 for the IS. Results The analytical results demonstrated a good linearity over the ranges from 0.005 to 4μg/mL (r=0.9999) for valacyclovir hydrochloride. The relative standard deviations (RSD) of intra-batch and inter-batch were less than 4.06% and 9.23%, respectively. The limit of detection and lower limit of quantification in human plasma were 2ng/mL and 5ng/mL, respectively. Conclusion The method was simple, sensitive, accurate and reproducible and has been successfully applied to a bioequivalence study of valacyclovir hydrochloride capsules in Chinese healthy male volunteers.     

Managing culturally diverse maritime human resources as a shipping company’s core competency

ABSTRACT

The last few years a great body of research focused on the problems observed in the shipping industry due to the mix of different nationalities on board. Herein, the problem is observed in the managerial level, and specifically to the applied crew management strategies and the philosophy of the shipping companies regarding the issue of multiculturalism. The present paper seeks to elevate the value of human resources in shipping and to underline the potentials that human resource management and cultural diversity management have as a shipping company’s core competency. In a triangulated theoretical framework, the combination of resource-based view, human resource management, and cultural diversity management leads to a framework of choices which include strategies for the management of maritime human resources’ cultural diversity. The paper analyses the practical application of the proposed strategies and the fulfilment of the criteria required for turning crew management to a core competency and gaining sustainable competitive advantage from human resources.     

The subjective measurement of seafarers’ fatigue levels and mental symptoms

Human error is the most important factor causing many ship accidents in maritime industry despite advanced technology and international regulations. Fatigue in seafarers is a well-known problem and a serious cause of ship accidents. There are many factors unique to the marine environment raising the potential for fatigue at sea. Due to the difficulties in measuring human fatigue and also in suggesting fatigue to be a root cause of accident, it is important to devise methods to detect and quantify the fatigue and mental symptoms. In this study, ‘Piper Fatigue Scale’ (PFS) has been used for measuring fatigue level and ‘Symptom Checklist 90- Revised’ (SCL-90-R) for detecting the severity of mental symptoms. Data analyses were performed using the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software. According to the results of PFS analysis, a slight degree of fatigue is detected in all sub-dimensions of the scale. According to the results of SCL-90-R analysis, the distress of mental symptoms perceived by seafarers is not generally highly detected. In conclusion, the purpose of this study is to determine, by using subjective measurements, the fatigue level and mental symptoms among seafarers caused by working conditions on-board.     

Seventy Minutes Plus or Minus 10 — A Review of Travel Time Budget Studies

Abstract

This paper provides a comprehensive review of travel-time budget (TTB) studies in the literature for about the past four decades. Starting with the concept of TTBs, it discusses both the studies that support the existence of TTB and also those that deem the concept to be unfounded. Sociodemographic variables and their relation to TTB are also discussed briefly. However, as past studies use different data sources, survey techniques, and methodology for analysis, cross comparison of studies is not possible. Most importantly, the underlying cause of the regularity that is found at an aggregate level is still not known. The idea of TTB is important because, if it exists, it would mean that the total time spent on travelling per person per day will remain unchanged in spite of all improvements to transport. TTB has immense implications for transport policies and it is usually ignored. The paper also explores the available theoretical explanation of this concept, past research gaps and new analysis potentials. Recent directions in TTB studies are also discussed together with the potential use of multiday multiyear panel data in TTB research to explore the phenomenon better than before.     

桂林交通现状·意识形态·公交优先

该文通过对桂林交通现状的描述,表明现在城市交通拥堵已日趋严重,要想很好地解决城市交通拥堵问题,目前已是关键时期。解决城市交通问题应建立科学的意识形态,只有在科学意识指引下才能做出科学的决策。公交优先已成为老生常谈,而如何将这一思想变成政策并付诸实践,这才是解决问题的关键。接着,根据历年的工作体会并结合大量城市交通现状调查的成果,提出若干条保证公交优先的基本措施,可供决策层在解决城市交通拥堵问题时作参考。     

论高铁中避减人为因素事故隐机组资源培训患

高速铁路在技术装备和人员要求上与常规铁路迥然不同,其最根本的区别在于高速铁路的高运行速度、高性能设备、高素质人员及组织高度配合。应用常规铁路事故中连环人为因素的分析结果,且借鉴航空机组资源管理中对人员相关研究及结论,予以支持对高速铁路行车工作组中各成员进行专业性避减人为因素事故隐患的培训重要性,并根据机组管理特点提出相关的培训策略。