不同动力电池新能源货运配送车辆节能减排绩效评价研究

为研究新能源货运车辆装配不同动力电池对节能减排的影响,选取某款新能源货运配送车辆为研究对象,利用GaBi软件建立了3种常用动力电池的整车生命周期评价模型,从原材料获取、生产制造、装配、运行使用、报废回收5个阶段进行节能减排差异分析,并对全球变暖潜值 （Global Warming Potential,GWP） 等环境影响类型进行归一化处理和量化计算处理。结果表明,分别装配3种电池整车的化石能源消耗以煤炭为主、环境排放以CO2为主;纯电动汽车的能源消耗、污染物排放集中在运行使用阶段;综合比较,装配了三元锂电池的整车,其全生命周期节能减排效果最佳,装配了锰酸锂电池的整车则表现最差。加大清洁能源的使用力度、减少用于电力生产的化石能源消耗、提高回收率等措施,可以显著减少污染物排放。     

来自轻型汽车新排放标准的挑战

首先简要介绍了我国正在制订过程中的轻型汽车新排放标准与目前正在实施的排放标准的主要差异，重点阐述了在中国实施该新标准对汽车厂、炼油厂、加油站、维修站、检测机构、车主以及政府有关主管部门带来的挑战，指出了政府应采取的政策措施。     

轿车制造主要跨国公司的对华战略暨我国轿车制造业的应对策略研究

分析、研究表明，轿车制造主要跨国公司已大举直接进境投资建厂，规避我国汽车产业政策的相关规定，促使或参与我国内资轿车产业的兼并及重组是跨国公司对华战略的主要行为方式。通过具体案例分析，结合我国轿车制造业的实况及未来市场的发展趋势，提出我国轿车制造业应该以重视创立自主品牌、培育在国际合作化前提下的自主开发能力；以B级车的开发为自主品牌创立的切入点；建立自主品牌产品的制造基地为应对策略。     

模糊神经网络在发动机失火故障诊断中的应用

利用模糊神经网络对发动机失火故障进行诊断,建立起了模糊神经网络控制模型,应用MATLAB软件对其进行训练及仿真,结果表明此控制方法是有效的、可行的。     

东风日产合资背景下湖北省汽车零部件产业的抉择

在中国汽车产业发展迅速的形势下,东风日产合资给湖北省汽车零部件企业的发展带来历史性机遇,世界超级零部件公司纷纷进入中国,也带来存亡性挑战。只有顺应全球性潮流,乘“东风”破“巨浪”,与时俱进,充分发挥湖北省区位优势,在国际竞争中锻炼成长,才能实现跨越式发展战略。     

闽江下游堤防护岸工程施工技术

阐述福建闽江下游堤防护岸工程的原状和维修的必要性 ,提出护岸工程中水下护脚和水上护坡的几种不同结构形式和施工技术并对各自的适用性和优缺点进行评述     

低桩承台防汛墙微型桩基原位试验研究

本文针对苏州河综合整治某新建防汛墙工程实例 ,通过原位试验方法对低桩承台微型桩基桩土共同作用机理进行了初步的分析和讨论。     

Neighborhood services,trip purpose,and tour-based travel

Communities are increasingly looking to land use planning strategies to reduce drive-alone travel. Many planning efforts aim to develop neighborhoods with higher levels of accessibility that will allow residents to shop closer to home and drive fewer miles. To better understand how accessible land use patterns relate to household travel behavior, this paper is divided into three sections. The first section describes the typical range of services available in areas with high neighborhood accessibility. It explains how trip-based travel analysis is limited because it does not consider the linked (chained) nature of most travel. The second section describes a framework that provides a more behavioral understanding of household travel. This framework highlights travel tours, the sequence of trips that begin and end at home, as the basic unit of analysis. The paper offers a typology of travel tours to account for different travel purposes; by doing so, this typology helps understand tours relative to the range of services typically offered in accessible neighborhoods. The final section empirically analyzes relationships between tour type and neighborhood access using detailed travel data from the Central Puget Sound region (Seattle, Washington). Households living in areas with higher levels of neighborhood access are found to complete more tours and make fewer stops per tour. They make more simple tours (out and back) for work and maintenance (personal, appointment, and shopping) trip purposes but there is no difference in the frequency of other types of tours. While they travel shorter distances for maintenance-type errands, a large portion of their maintenance travel is still pursued outside the neighborhood. These findings suggest that while higher levels of neighborhood access influences travel tours, it does not spur households to complete the bulk of their errands close to home.     

Time windows in workers' activity patterns: Empirical evidence from the Netherlands

This paper assumes that activities at the home and work location are important determinants of individuals' paths through time and space. Fixed activities at these locations determine to a large extent the duration and timing of time windows – blocks of time available for participation in travel and out-of-home non-work activities. Taking the time spent at home and at the workplace as a starting point, this paper classifies activity patterns on workdays into six groups with distinct home- and work-stay patterns. For this, data are used from the 1998 Netherlands National Travel Survey. The six clusters vary in terms of the duration and timing of time windows and some of the differences can be explained by commute characteristics, types of non-work activities performed, workers' sociodemographic attributes, and their spatiotemporal environment. However, the impact of sociodemographic and spatiotemporal variables on cluster membership is shown to be weak.     

中国汽车工业可持续发展的必由之路--新型能源清洁汽车

随着汽车的不断普及,来自能源及环保的压力不断增大。分析了电动汽车及代用燃料汽车的前景,并阐述了我国应当加快清洁能源汽车研制的必要性及在该领域已经取得的成果,最后展望了我国未来新型能源汽车的前景。