A risk-based first-principles approach to assessing green seas loading on the hatch covers of bulk carriers in extreme weather conditions

This paper aims to present and explain the work undertaken at the SSRC on the Safety of Bulk Carriers in extreme weather conditions over the past 3 years, to draw conclusions deriving there from, concerning key influencing design, operational and environmental parameters and to offer recommendations regarding the rule development process and on the way forward considering research, development and implementation to ship design and operation with the view to improving the safety of these ships cost-effectively. In severe storms, hatch covers of low freeboard vessels such as bulk carriers are the first-line of protection against flooding. Present methods of hatch covers design are still empirical because impact loads due to green seas and structural behaviour due to this type of loads have not been examined, hence not known accurately. The loading due to green seas is implicitly non-linear and, as model test results demonstrated, bulk carriers in extreme conditions are exposed to significant loads, which in some cases exceed current design standards. Since the consequences of hatch cover failure are potentially catastrophic, the risk of this happening should be quantified in probabilistic terms as required by modern safety standards. To this end, the paper aims to propose and implement a methodology for estimating probabilities of deck wetness and impact loads due to green seas as a function of key design and operational parameters.     

中科炼化码头工程墩台上托力试验研究

依托中科炼化离岸式码头工程,通过波浪物理模型试验,对码头桩基墩台底面压强和上托力进行研究。首先,在不同墩台底面相对超高条件下,分析了墩台底面波浪压强作用过程以及分布,对作用的两种压强类型(冲击压强和缓变压强)进行探讨,给出了墩台底面同步平均相对压强与墩台底面相对超高的变化关系。然后,在不同墩台底面相对超高条件下,分析了墩台上托力变化过程,并将最大相对上托力与最大相对同步压强进行比较分析。最后,将上托力试验结果与几种典型方法的计算结果进行比较。相关研究提供了深水离岸式码头的桩基墩台上托力计算依据,可供类似工程借鉴。     

地铁隧道盾构法施工对桩基变形与内力的影响

通过数值仿真试验,分析了盾构法隧道施工引起的单桩桩身变形、轴力、弯矩随不同的桩洞距离、桩端与水平洞轴线的相对位置、桩型的变化规律,对群桩进行了数值仿真试验。试验结果表明,开挖后桩身发生倾斜变形,桩身内力发生明显变化,且桩端与水平洞轴线的相对位置与桩端土性的不同对桩身内力变化有明显的影响;开挖引起的双桩的桩身内力相对于对应位置的单桩均减小,且由于前桩的遮挡作用,隧道开挖对双桩后桩的影响大大减弱。     

航空电子系统BIT综述

近20年来,随着现代航空电子系统功能先进化程度不断提高,其结构变得越来越复杂,导致航空电子系统的故障检测和维修难度增大、测试时间变长,增加维护费用,严重影响其可测性、维修性和战备完好性。而BIT (Built-in Test,简称机内测试)技术在航空电子系统中的应用解决了上述难题,并成为提高其测试性、维修性有效途径。本文从BIT的基本理论、现状应用和提高航空电子系统BIT诊断能力关键技术途径入手,对应用于航空电子领域中的BIT作—个较为深入分析和研究,以期为我国军事工业领域特别是航空领域上对BIT的深入研究与应用提供具有一定价值的参考。     

Fe-25Mn-5Al无磁与低温钢在NaOH水溶液中形成的钝化膜的XPS研究

采用Ｘ射线光电子谱仪（ＸＰＳ）研究Ｆｅ－２５Ｍｎ－５Ａｌ－０．１５Ｃ合金在３０％ＮａＯＨ溶液中钝化后形成的钝化膜。深度剖面的ＸＰＳ分析结果表明：钝化膜的最表层与主体部分分别存在结合水与由Ｆｅ２Ｏ３、Ｍｎ２Ｏ３、Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＦｅＯ（或Ｆｅ３Ｏ４）、ＭｎＯ（或Ｍｎ３Ｏ４）及金属态Ｆｅ、Ａｌ与Ｍｎ组成的混合物。     

Vehicle handling dynamics modelling by a data-driven identification method

Modelling of vehicle handling dynamics has received a renewed attention in recent years. Different from traditional vehicle modelling, a novel data-driven identification method for vehicle handling dynamics is proposed, which can avoid the problems of the under-modelling and parameter uncertainties in the first-principle modelling process. By first-order Taylor expansion, the nonlinear vehicle system can be linearised as a slowly linear time-varying system with fourth-order. In order to identify the derived identifiable model structure, a recursive subspace method is presented. Derived by optimal version of predictor-based subspace identification (PBSID_opt) and projection approximation subspace tracking (PAST), the identification method is numerical stability and gives an unbiased estimation for the closed-loop system. Based on standard road tests, the proposed modelling method is proven effective and the obtained model has good predictive ability. Additionally, it is noted that the model obtained from the initial phase of straight driving is just a mathematical model to describe the relationship between input and output. And when the vehicle is steering, the model can converge to a stable phase quickly and represent vehicle dynamic performance.     

Influencing driver chosen cornering speed by means of modified steering feel

This paper presents an investigation about influencing the driver's behaviour intuitively by means of modified steering feel. For a rollover indication through haptic feedback a model was developed and tested that returned a warning to the driver about too high vehicle speed. This was realised by modifying the experienced steering wheel torque as a function of the lateral acceleration. The hypothesis for this work was that drivers of heavy vehicles will perform with more margin of safety to the rollover threshold if the steering feel is altered by means of decreased or additionally increased steering wheel torque at high lateral acceleration. Therefore, the model was implemented in a test truck with active steering with torque overlay and used for a track test. Thirty-three drivers took part in the investigation that showed, depending on the parameter setting, a significant decrease of lateral acceleration while cornering.     

Preparation of Polysulfonamide/ZnO Nanocomposite by In-Situ Polymerization

Polysulfonamide/zinc oxide(PSA/ZnO) nanocomposite films with w(ZnO)=0.5% were prepared by in-situ polymerization based on 4,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone and terephthaloyl chloride in the common solvent N,N-Dimethylacetamide(DMAc). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was employed to observe the microstructure of the composite film. The thermal property was investigated by TGA and mechanical property was characterized by DXLL-1000 electromechanical material testing machine. The results showed that the breaking strength of the film containing 0.5% ZnO was great enhanced. The average size of ZnO particles was below 100 nm. The introduction of ZnO as nano filler in PSA react as UV shield effect and make the composite mechanical property improved.     

旁压试验在苏通大桥详勘工程中的应用

详细介绍了旁压试验的使用方法，分析了旁压试验中各强度参数指标的处理方法，并对测试结果进行了分析对比，为工程实际应用积累了一定的实践经验，对同类工程具有参考意义.     

Dynamic response analysis of a small-scale model tension leg platform

Experimental tests performed on a hydroelastic small-scale model of a tension leg platform for deep water are reported. Comparison between the processed experimental dynamic signals and theoretical responses obtained with a simplified six degrees of freedom model are made. Moreover, some effects of fluid-structure interaction are briefly discussed in the light of results from both impact and wave loading tests.