路面沥青复合料基于孔隙水压力损坏的实验分析探究

集料-沥青界面强度实验,集料-沥青界面黏合机能影响要素分析,孔隙水压对沥青复合料的损坏原理。本研究经过界面拉拔实验,分析沥青老化、温度和水分等要素对集料-沥青界面黏合机能的影响,探讨车辆载荷作用下孔水压对集料-沥青黏合机能的影响及损坏原理,以为同类沥青复合料路面工程应用提供研究和技术参考。     

Decouple transport CO2 emissions from China’s economic expansion: A temporal-spatial analysis

China’s transport industry is energy intensive and high-polluting. While with the surging urbanization and the development of service industry, China’s economic relies more and more on the transport sector. Therefore, exploring the relationship between transport energy-related carbon emission (TECE) and economic development is crucial to the realization of China’s “Post Paris” mitigation target. The paper carries out a decoupling research between TECE and Gross domestic product (GDP) at both national level and province level based on Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) decomposition analysis with the extended Kaya identity and Tapio decoupling model. The model quantifies eight factors’ effects on the relationship with focusing on external macro socio-economic related factors (i.e., spatial pattern, urbanization, per capita service industry output value, reciprocal of the service industry’s share of GDP, and demographic variable) successfully. The key conclusions are indicated as follows: (1) the national decoupling status was extensive coupling during 2004–2010 and then weak decoupling during 2010–2016. The progress can be attributed to the decline of energy intensity. (2) Per capita service output was always the prominent factor to promote carbon emissions growth in different time periods and provinces with inhibiting the advancement of decoupling process, followed by urbanization. (3) Scenario analysis shows that with the continuous growth of traffic demand and the promotion of urbanization, improving energy efficiency has become the key link to realize the decoupling between China’s TECE and its economy.     

某车型座椅骨架动态安全性与模态分析

为判断汽车座椅骨架的结构合理性,文章利用ANSA建立了某乘用车座椅骨架总成及假头型有限元模型,对该座椅骨架进行了模态分析与基于显式动力学有限元的头枕吸能性仿真试验,得到前四阶固有频率和振型、头枕前碰仿真分析加速度时间历程图。结果表明,该座椅骨架自由模态频率避开了人体最敏感的共振频率范围,整个碰撞过程假头型减速度超过80 g的连续作用时间未超过3 ms。     

基于结果导向的绿色公路评价指标体系研究

本文在梳理绿色公路建设历程的基础上,结合绿色公路提出的时代背景、发展要求及目前评价指标体系存在的问题,借鉴目标管理法(MBO)突出结果导向,面向全寿命周期的三个阶段,从"资源节约"、"生态环保"、"低碳减排"、"智慧高效"等方面构建了包括4个一级指标、25个二级指标的绿色公路评价指标体系。     

Towards connected autonomous driving: review of use-cases

Connected autonomous vehicles are considered as mitigators of issues such as traffic congestion, road safety, inefficient fuel consumption and pollutant emissions that current road transportation system suffers from. Connected autonomous vehicles utilise communication systems to enhance the performance of autonomous vehicles and consequently improve transportation by enabling cooperative functionalities, namely, cooperative sensing and cooperative manoeuvring. The former refers to the ability to share and fuse information gathered from vehicle sensors and road infrastructures to create a better understanding of the surrounding environment while the latter enables groups of vehicles to drive in a co-ordinated way which ultimately results in a safer and more efficient driving environment. However, there is a gap in understanding how and to what extent connectivity can contribute to improving the efficiency, safety and performance of autonomous vehicles. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to investigate the potential benefits that can be achieved from connected autonomous vehicles through analysing five use-cases: (i) vehicle platooning, (ii) lane changing, (iii) intersection management, (iv) energy management and (v) road friction estimation. The current paper highlights that although connectivity can enhance the performance of autonomous vehicles and contribute to the improvement of current transportation system performance, the level of achievable benefits depends on factors such as the penetration rate of connected vehicles, traffic scenarios and the way of augmenting off-board information into vehicle control systems.     

Failure mode and effects analysis of dual levelling valve airspring suspensions on truck dynamics

Failure mode and effects analysis are performed for a dual levelling valve pneumatic suspension to determine the effect of suspension failure on tractor–semi-trailer dynamics, using a detailed model of suspension pneumatics coupled with a truck dynamic model. A key element of failure analysis in suspensions with one or two levelling valves is determining the effect on the vehicle body roll when one or more failures occur. The failure modes considered are mainly the suspension pneumatic components, including clogged levelling valve, bent control rod, disabled lever arm, and punctured or leaking connectors and pipes. The pneumatic suspension is modelled in AMESim, with critical parameters established through component testing. Upon validating the AMESim component model experimentally, the pneumatic suspension model is integrated into TruckSim for studying the consequences of suspension failure on truck dynamics. The simulation results indicate that the second levelling valve in a dual-valve arrangement brings a certain amount of failure redundancy to the system, in the sense that when one side fails, the other side can compensate for the failure. Equipping the trailer with dual levelling valves brings an additional stabilising effect to the vehicle in the event of tractor suspension failure.     

废食用油预脱硫胶粉改性沥青组分与黏弹性研究（双语出版）

为研究废食用油预脱硫胶粉（WRO）对沥青组分及黏弹性的影响,在不同掺量、加工温度和加工时间下分别制备了15组废食用油预脱硫胶粉改性沥青（WROMA）。基于四组分试验、DSR时间扫描试验、多应力蠕变回复试验分析了沥青组分及黏弹性变化的规律。结果表明：在组分方面,WRO中的橡胶烃主要补充沥青质,油分大部分补充饱和分,少部分补充芳香分;加工工艺与改性沥青中饱和分和胶质的含量线性相关性较弱,与芳香分及沥青质的含量线性相关性很强,且芳香分与沥青质含量主要受WRO掺量影响。在黏弹性方面,WRO掺量增加,改性沥青高温黏性降低,弹性增加。为保证改性沥青获得足够的高温弹性,WRO最佳掺量为30%,加工温度为160℃、加工时间为2 h。综合组分与黏弹性的分析结果可知：芳香分是影响WROMA高温黏性的主导因素,其含量越高沥青黏性越明显;沥青质和WRO中的橡胶烃是影响WROMA高温弹性的主导因素,两者含量越高,改性沥青弹性越明显。     

桥侧大面积堆土致斜交梁桥倒塌事故分析

以杭州绕城高速上发生垮塌的斜交桥梁为案例,通过现场调查取证,获取了案例桥施工图纸、地质情况和现场的破坏信息。在此基础上,采用摩尔-库仑模型模拟土体的弹塑性性质,用实体单元来模拟盖梁、承台、桥墩、桩基等桥梁结构,用不同区域的均布荷载来模拟堆载作用,并且设置接触单元来考虑桩-土相互作用,模拟桩-土之间的滑移和分离,建立三维有限元模型。同时研究了土体的物理参数（淤泥层和亚黏土层弹性模量）、堆载高度和斜交角对桥梁结构的影响。研究结果表明：大面积堆土导致近堆土侧桥墩、桩基发生比远堆土侧更大的位移,对于斜交桥,该位移方向与两侧桥墩连线即盖梁的方向成一定角度,从而导致近侧桥墩、桩基在轴力、弯矩和剪力外,需要承受较大的扭矩;随着斜交角从0°增加到40°,近侧桥墩、桩基承受的扭矩持续增大,扭矩逐步成为控制桩基破坏的主要因素;堆载引起淤泥层的沉降会导致该部分土层产生较大的负摩阻力,进一步改变了桩身轴力的分布;土体的弹性模量、堆土高度对桥梁在堆载作用下的横向位移和内力有很大影响;杭州绕城高速垮塌的主要原因是在软弱层上堆土导致桩基发生压、弯、剪、扭破坏。     

武汉光谷国际网球中心与三环线衔接匝道研究

介绍了武汉市三环线武黄立交新增匝道的设计思路、方案调整及匝道车道数研究。通过分析新增匝道建设的主要受控因素,提出了三环线到达及驶离网球中心停车场不同路径的匝道方案,并从多方面对匝道方案进行综合比选。     

兰州某跨铁路桥钢桁梁顶推施工方案及 受力特性分析

顶推施工技术作为大跨度钢桁梁施工中非常重要的一项施工技术,其不仅能够有效的缩短工期,而且在不影响既有线路正常运营。依托兰州市北滨河西延段工程大跨度钢桁梁顶推施工项目,从施工方法、措施、技术、安全、质量保证上对顶推施工过程进行全面分析,制定具体施工方案,对顶推过程中钢桁梁的受力特性进行数值计算与分析,以确保施工过程安全可控。通过研究大跨度钢桁梁顶推施工技术与工艺流程要点,优化了施工过程中结构的受力状态,并节约工程造价,可为同类工程建设管理和施工组织提供参考。