上海口岸汽车物流的现状调研和分析

汽车工业已经成为上海工业的龙头产业。整个汽车产业面临的发展机遇,同样为汽车物流和汽车滚装码头装卸及其延伸业务开展的企业带来了良好的发展机遇。本文对上海口岸汽车物流的现状进行调研和分析,并提出物流发展对策。     

金融危机下客车行业形势及应对策略分析

通过分析金融危机下我国客车行业的形势，阐述我国客车企业应采取的对策。     

高等院校数学教学改革与数学实验的思考

本文阐述了对高职院校开设数学实验课的必要性,以及对数学实验课的开设方式以及数学教学改革的一些思考。     

改革开放30年我国客车行业的五大进步

阐述改革开放30年来，我国客车行业从计划经济走向市场经济的过程；分析30年来我国客车工业的发展与进步。     

云南省水路运输和水运人才发展的战略思考

概括云南省水路运输系统及水运人才的现状,从战略的高度对云南省水路运输和水运人才发展作出了具体规划并提出具体措施,指出发展的重点和难点.对提高云南省水运人才的培养和开发能力,改善云南省水运人力资源的总体结构和提升云南省水运人才的总体素质,加速云南地方经济的发展,实现云南省总体战略目标,都具有重要的现实意义和深远的战略意义.     

Overview of public transport policy developments in South Africa

In South Africa, a restructuring of the public transport system is currently under way. In the bus industry the tender for contract system is being implemented, the commuter rail sector is being recapitalised and the minibus taxi industry recapitalization programme is in its early stages. Progress with policy implementation across the modes of transport, modal split trends and issues that hamper the full development of the public transport industry are discussed in this paper. Medium to long term policy and strategy initiatives that will further inform the development of the industry are also highlighted in this chapter.     

China’s electric car frustrations

By 2020, the vehicle population in China will likely exceed 280 million—exacerbating national energy security, urban air pollution, and traffic congestion. In response, many local and regional governments in China are pursuing an expanding array of measures to restrain growth in personal vehicle ownership and, along with the central government, reducing emissions and energy use of vehicles. One prominent strategy is the promotion of new energy vehicles, especially plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs). Large subsidies were offered—up to $27,600 (171,000 RMB) per vehicle in some regions, including almost $9200 (57,000 RMB) from the central government—which suggests that China is making a major commitment to PEVs. But sales have been meager. In 2013, only 17,600 PEVs, mostly buses and utility trucks, were sold, less than 0.1% of total civilian vehicle sales. Several factors explain the failure of PEV sales to take off: (1) protectionism by local governments; (2) uncertainty over which electric-drive vehicle technologies to promote and what consumers are willing to pay, (3) lagging investments in charging infrastructure, and (4) conservative investment behavior by automakers and battery manufacturers. The central government issued directives to local governments in late 2013 to reduce barriers to out-of-town companies, resulting in modest sales increases in early 2014, but a more coherent, broader, and effective set of policies, incentives, and strategies are needed to overcome consumer and industry resistance and the lack of charging infrastructure.     

Modeling the impacts of alternative emission trading schemes on international shipping

Various market-based measures have been proposed to reduce CO₂ emissions from international shipping. One promising mechanism under consideration is the Emission Trading Scheme (ETS). This study analyzes and benchmarks the economic implications of two alternative ETS mechanisms, namely, an open ETS compared to a Maritime only ETS (METS). The analytical solutions and model calibration results allow us to quantify the impacts of alternative ETS schemes on the container shipping sector and the dry bulk shipping sector. It is found that an ETS, whether open or maritime only, will decrease shipping speed, carrier outputs and fuel consumption for both the container and dry bulk sectors, even in the presence of a “wind-fall” profit to shipping companies. Under an open ETS, the dry bulk sector will suffer from a higher proportional reduction in output than the container sector, and will thus sell more emission permits or purchase fewer permits. Under an METS, container carriers will buy emission permits from the dry bulk side. In addition, under an METS the degree of competition within one sector will have spill-over effects on the other sector. Specifically, when the sector that sells (buys) permits is more collusive (competitive), the equilibrium permit price will rise. This study provides a framework for identifying the moderating effects of market structure and competition between firms on emission reduction schemes, and emphasizes the importance of understanding the differential impacts of ETS schemes on individual sectors within an industry when considering alternative policies.     

汽车检测与维修技术专业学生自主学习的研究与分析 ——以北京学校为例

基于工作过程以能力培养为主是北京汽修专业新的一轮教学改革目标。通过将传统教学与企业实践工作相融合,提倡行为导向,鼓励学生进行自主学习。但是在教学改革的过程中也暴露出学生自主学习能力不足,需要开展学生自主学习能力培养,需要增强学生主体地位,激发学习兴趣;需要推行探究式学习改进学习模式;需要改进教学方法加强学校软硬件建设。     

环境约束下中国交通运输业产能利用测算

测度交通运输业产能利用可帮助交通行业应对产能优化和节能减排的双重挑战，实现高质量发展。研究旨在环境约束视角下，构建一个普适性的产能利用（CU）评价框架，并用于交通运输业产能利用测度研究。将交通运输业能源消耗量和CO₂排放量纳入产能利用评价框架，采用改进的基于数据包络分析的差分法，测度2011~2017年中国交通运输业产能利用。研究结果表明：①2011~2017年间中国交通运输业平均CU值为0.026 0，并以2014年为临界点，呈现先降后增的趋势，这表明中国交通运输业确实存在产能利用不足的问题，且2015~2017年非常严重；②交通运输业产能利用水平区域差异化显著，研究期内与中国其他地区的CU水平相比，西南地区产能利用不足问题最严重；③与原始差分法的测度结果进行对比，所提出的改进方法更具合理性和先进性；④推动交通技术创新发展和合理规划交通资源是产能利用水平提升的关键途径。该研究为制定交通运输业产能利用提升的政策提供科学依据，对建立完善的交通运输业产能利用监测体系具有实际指导意义，有利于实现中国交通运输业产能利用水平整体的提升。