城市轨道交通乘客信息系统服务框架优化策略

介绍了目前城市轨道交通乘客信息系统的系统组成和信息服务原理.分析了日前国内乘客信息服务的内容和形式,以及国外乘客信息系统值得借鉴之处.针对目前城市轨道交通乘客信息系统存在的问题,设计了基于网络化的智能乘客信息服务框架.     

交通信息基础数据元标准对交通运输行业信息共享的作用

介绍交通信息基础数据元系列标准标准制修订的背景和使用意义,从技术层面论述数据元概念,分析标准的编制原则和方法,阐述该系列标准在交通运输行业标准中的基础地位及其对行业数据标准发展起到的引领作用,并对标准在交通运输行业信息化建设和数据共享应用中发挥的作用进行分析。     

Metadata-based Needs Assessment for Emergency Transportation Operations with a Focus on an Aging Population: A Case Study in Florida

In the aftermath of disasters, evacuating aging victims and maintaining an optimal flow of critical resources in order to serve their needs becomes problematic, especially for Gulf Coast states in the USA such as Florida, where more than 6.9 million (36.9%) of the population are over age 50. Scanning the literature, there is no substantial prior work that has synthesized the requirements for a multi-modal emergency needs assessment that could facilitate the safe and accessible evacuation of aging people, and optimize the flow of resources into the affected region to satisfy the needs of those who remain. This paper presents a review of the aging population-focused emergency literature utilizing a knowledge base development methodology supported with a geographic information system-based case study application set in Florida. Importance is given to both ensuring the resiliency of the transportation infrastructure and meeting the needs of aging populations. As a result of this metadata-based analysis, critical research needs and challenges are presented with planning recommendations and future research directions. Results clearly indicate that transportation agencies should focus on clear and fast dissemination of disaster-related information to the aging populations. The use of paratransit services for evacuating aging people, especially those living independently and/or in rural areas, is also found to be of paramount importance.     

Online calibration of an integrated framework for information‐based evacuation operations

This study seeks to online calibrate the parameters of aggregate evacuee behavior models used in a behavior‐consistent information‐based control module for determining information strategies for real‐time evacuation operations. It enables the deployment of an operational framework for mass evacuation that integrates three aspects underlying an evacuation operation: demand (evacuee behavior), supply (network management), and disaster characteristics. To attain behavior‐consistency, the control module factors evacuees' likely responses to the disseminated information in determining information‐based control strategies. Hence, the ability of the behavior models to predict evacuees' likely responses is critical to the effectiveness of traffic routing by information strategies. The mixed logit structure is used for the aggregate behavior models to accommodate the behavioral heterogeneity across the population. An online calibration problem is proposed to calibrate the random parameters in the behavior models by using the least square estimator to minimize the gap between the predicted network flows and unfolding traffic dynamics. Background traffic, an important but rarely studied issue for modeling evacuation traffic, is also accounted for in the proposed problem. Numerical experiments are conducted to illustrate the importance of the calibration problem for addressing the system consistency issues and integrating the demand, supply, and disaster characteristics for more efficient evacuation operations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于驾驶员信息处理的道路安全性评价模型

在车辆行驶过程中,道路条件包含了大量的信息,驾驶员需要及时对这些信息进行处理,以保障行车安全。本文基于驾驶员信息处理,建立了一种新的道路安全性评价模型,并结合相邻路段运行速度差,给出评价指标。     

强化工程建设监理的几点设想

该文介绍了我国工程建设监理开展十余年来的发展、作用及现状,为进一步强化工程建设监理,该文建议进一步完善监理理念,并就改进施工方案审核、监理信息管理、监理技术总结等提出了设想。     

城市中心区停车规划策略研究

中心区交通拥堵、停车困难是大城市普遍存在的问题,而调查发现中心区的停车设施利用率却普遍不高。该文从重庆观音桥商业中心区的停车现状着手,分析其存在的问题,提出了依托公共交通方式控制停车总量、利用外围停车引导车流、构建地下停车道路系统、建立停车信息系统等规划策略,并针对现状问题做出了具体的改善措施。该文对其他城市中心区的停车系统规划有一定的借鉴意义。     

现代车队智能化管理系统介绍

以西门子VDO的车队智能化管理系统为例,介绍现代车队智能化管理系统的主要组成模块和作用,以便更好地利用车队智能化管理系统。     

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交通流信息诱导能提高区域交通运行效率。本文在区域交通流信息诱导建模理论基础上,基于调研数据,利用VISSIM软件对北京市西南二环内某区域交通进行仿真,对比评价交通流信息诱导措施实施前后的区域道路交通流运行状况,通过5种不同场景分析,结果显示当I.A南进口左转车受诱导量从10%增至30%时,其南进口左转车流旅行时间的降低幅度从18%变至减少42%,延误从234s降至164s,在保证对区域内其他路段干扰较小的情况下,有效缓解I.A南进口左转车流的拥堵。     

废旧汽车零部件拆卸回收信息模型的研究

为了缓解资源短缺与资源浪费的矛盾,减少大量报废汽车产品对环境的危害,最大限度地利用废旧汽车中的零部件,必须着力于废旧汽车零部件的拆卸回收研究。鉴于此,废旧汽车的回收再生技术因其节约资源、降低成本,减少废弃物生成、保护环境多种优势而备受关注,并值得推广。