混凝土桥梁结构温度自应力计算方法探讨

为了更准确地计算混凝土桥梁结构的温度应力,提出了一种基于弹性理论求解温度自应力的新方法.该方法按平面应变问题求解横向温度应力,在此基础上用解析公式计算纵向温度应力.为了验证了该方法的正确性,给出了一个算例.算例表明,该方法与三维有限元法的计算结果基本相同,而基于结构力学的传统方法,计算误差最大可达30%以上.     

利用单片机实现的红外通信接口

介绍了一种利用单片机实现红外通信接口的方法,只需在外部搭少量电路,就可实现单片机系统的红外通信。     

红外线轴温探测的探测角度分析探讨

阐述了目前红外线轴温探测角度的优缺点,分析了阳光干扰产生的原因及对策。结合运用实际,提出“220”探测角度能够很好地适应新型车辆的探测要求。     

沉管隧道管体制作过程中的温度场仿真

本文采用有限元方法按照实际浇筑顺序对沉管管体制过程作了数值仿真，分别分析了夏季和冬季施工条件下管体混凝土温度场分布及其变化规律，以及采用冷却骨料混凝土浇筑侧墙对侧墙温度场的影响。结果表明，冷却骨料混凝土可有效地降低侧墙内部温度变化。     

Ti-C-Al-Ni体系热爆产物组织形貌分析

本文通过SEM方法研究了Ti-C-Al-Ni体系反应的组织形貌,发现当体系中Ti、C含量较低时,TiC和NiAl均为球状,并且颗粒尺寸较小;随着Ti、C含量的增加,TiC颗粒长大,NiAl发生熔化形成熔融相;随着Ti、C含量的继续增加,颗粒周围熔融相减少,TiC颗粒进一步长大,TiC趋于不规则形状。当Ti、C含量达到40%和50%时,热爆产物可形成致密的金属间化合物基复合材料。     

基于目力观测的红外烟幕干扰效能分析

利用红外成像导弹制导方式和一般的目力光学侦察在原理上的相似之处,从光电对抗的作战效能出发,对红外烟幕对抗红外成像制导导弹的干扰效能进行了简要分析。对研究红外成像制导导弹的干扰技术具有一定的现实意义。     

运行车辆预报热轴轴温规律分析

利用预报热轴的样本数据对车辆的车型、轴承、轴温进行了统计分析,提出为了减少多报和误报,应区别对待C64系列、C80型等车辆和2位轴、4位轴的热轴判别数学模型,对能区分的C64系列、C80型等装配SKF轴承的车辆应建立单独的热轴判别数学模型,以提高热轴判别的准确率和兑现率。     

风火山隧道光面爆破盐水不耦合装药结构试验研究

研究目的:针对青藏铁路风火山冻土隧道特殊地质条件和气候条件,研究隧道内气温高容易引起隧道围岩融塌的问题。研究方法:理论分析引起隧道工作面温度升高的原因,针对盐水-空气复合不耦合装药结构,进行理论与模拟试验研究。研究结论:爆生气体是影响冻土热平衡的主要热源之一;盐水介质对爆生气体的降温效果十分显著,高达70%;采用NaCl盐水水炮泥封堵炮孔的技术措施,可达到降低工作面温度和有效降尘的目的;采用复合不耦合装药结构可以有效降低爆破对围岩的损伤。     

The influence of different turbulence schemes on modelling primary production in a 1D coupled physical–biological model

A one-dimensional (1D) coupled physical–microbiological model has been applied to a site in the central North Sea. The impact of the choice of the turbulence closure scheme on the modelling the primary production has been investigated.The model was run with four different parameterisations of vertical mixing of heat, momentum and dissolved and suspended matters, using M2 tidal forcing and the hourly mean meteorological forcing of 1989 to reproduce the annual thermal structure and primary production. The four mixing parameterisations are: Level 2 turbulence closure scheme [Mellor, G.L., Yamada, T., 1974. A hierarchy of turbulence closure models for planetary boundary layers. J. Atmos. Sci. 31, 1791–1806; Mellor, G.L., Yamada, T., 1982. Development of a turbulence closure model for geophysical Fluid problems. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 20 (4) 851–875] using an explicit numerical scheme [Sharples, J., Tett, P., 1994. Modelling the effect of physical variability on the midwater chlorophyll maximum. J. Mar. Res. 52, 219–238]; a version of the Level 2.5 turbulence closure scheme [Galperin, B., Kantha, L.H., Hassid, S., Rosati, A., 1988. A quasi-equilibrium turbulent energy model for geophysical flows. J. Atmos. Sci. 45, 55–62; Ruddick, K.G., Deleersnijder, E., Luyten, P.J., Ozer, J., 1995. Haline stratification in the rhine/meuse freshwater plume: a 3D model sensitivity analysis. Cont. Shelf Res. 15 (13) 1597–1630] simplified to use an algebraic mixing length by Sharples and Simpson [Sharples, J., Simpson, J.H., 1995. Semidiurnal and longer period stability cycles in the Liverpool Bay region of freshwater influence. Cont. Shelf Res. 15, 295–313], also solved explicitly; the same simplified L2.5 scheme with an implicit numerical solution and modified vertical discretisation scheme [Annan, J.D., 1999. Numerical methods for the solution of the turbulence energy equations in the shelf seas. Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids 29, 193–206]; and another version of the same scheme (but using a different algebraic mixing length) as described by Xing and Davies [Xing, J., Davies, A.M., 1996a. Application of turbulence energy models to the computation of tidal currents and mixing intensities in the shelf edge regions. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 26, 417–447; Xing, J., Davies, A.M., 1996b. Application of a range of turbulence models to the computation of tidal currents and mixing intensities in shelf edge regions. Cont. Shelf. Res. 16, 517–547; Xing, J., Davies, A.M., 1998. Application of a range of turbulence energy models to the computation of the internal tide. Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids 26, 1055–1084]. Various model outputs at the sea surface and in depth profiles have been compared with data collected in 1989 as part of the North Sea Project [Huthnance, J.M., 1990. Progress on North Sea Project. NERC News, vol. 12, pp. 25–29, UK]. It is shown that the biological results are extremely sensitive to the small changes in the physical conditions, which arise due to the different turbulence schemes tested. The timing of the spring bloom and the maintenance of the midwater chlorophyll maximum all differ greatly between model runs, and the gross primary production varies by a factor of two from the highest to lowest results. The simplified Level 2.5 scheme, implemented using the numerical methods of Annan [Annan, J.D., 1999. Numerical methods for the solution of the turbulence energy equations in the shelf seas. Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids 29, 193–206], produces results, which give the best agreement with the available data.     

浅谈馈线热过负荷保护在电气化铁道中的应用

针对电气化铁道高速、重载对接触网的要求,分析了馈线热过负荷保护的动作原理、整定原则,提出了采用热过负荷保护对接触网进行保护并预测了今后的应用前景。