风积沙的工程力学性质试验研究

结合毛乌素沙漠沙样,对风积沙的工程力学性质进行了系统的试验研究。试验结果表明:风积沙的压实可采用常规的击实试验方法和振动密实法,压实效果受颗粒级配、含水量、荷载大小、振动频率及振幅等多种因素影响;风积沙的内摩擦角与压实度之间呈线性变化规律,颗粒级配是主要影响因素,含水量影响较小;风积沙的室内回弹模量和加州承载比与压实度之间大致呈非线性增大规律,在某一压实度区间增大的幅度非常小。     

企业单位内部会计控制解读及强化

文中通过对企业单位内部会计控制的学习理解,分析内部会计控制的实现手段,根据COSO内控理论,从完善企业的控制环境、进行全面的风险评估、设立良好的控制活动、建立广泛的信息与交流、加强内部控制的监督与评审等五个方面,提出了加强企业单位内部会计控制的措施。     

数值波浪水槽在半圆堤波浪力计算中的应用

以N-S方程为控制方程,以k-ε模型为紊动封闭模型,采用VOF方法重构自由表面,建立了垂向二维数值波浪水槽。模拟了规则波与半圆堤的作用过程,结果表明,单点数模波压力过程与物模实测结果符合良好。研究中发现,数模计算中若堤后计算区域设置过短,堤上越浪可以引起堤后水量累积和水位上升现象,从而造成堤身背浪面压强总体增大,由此算得的防波堤总水平波浪力最大值偏小16%~20%。提出了将堤后计算区域延长到4~5倍波长的办法,计算结果表明,堤身背浪面压强上升及堤身总水平力下降现象基本消失。     

悬臂板在集中荷载作用下的弯矩计算方法

推导了悬臂板结构在矩形荷载、三角形荷载、圆形荷载、多边形荷载等集中荷载作用下,在规范建议的荷载有效分布宽度内的弯矩计算公式。     

基于OLC拐点的车体结构较优设计

基于OLC理论,研究了正面碰撞中车体结构设计与乘员损伤的关联性.基于56 km/h正面刚性壁障(Frontal Rigid Barrier,FRB)碰撞工况,通过二阶波简化得到一阶加速度a1、二阶加速度a2、动态位移D三个车体结构设计指标.分析了不同车体结构设计指标与OLC的关系,发现在D不变的情况下,当a1≤215....     

瞬态瑞雷波在地层勘探中的应用

根据瞬态瑞雷波的传播特性和测试原理,使用振动及动态信号采集分析系统采集分析了测试工点的瑞雷波信号,并得到了测试工点的地层分布情况和各层的物理特性.     

强夯施工对环境振动的影响分析

利用强夯法加固软弱地基时,其夯击能将以波的形式向外扩散,进而导致周围环境的振动.本文以半无限弹性体理论为基础,考察了瑞利波的径向振动量和竖向振动量沿地基深度的衰减特性,认为竖向振动量是引发环境安全的主要因素;通过现场实测,研究了强夯引起的自由场地地面振动加速度及振动速度随距离的衰减规律,并对隔振沟的隔振效果进行了测试研究.     

A second order volume of fluid （VOF） scheme for numerical simulation of 2-D breaking waves

Among all environmental forces acting on ocean structures and marine vessels, those resulting from wave impacts are likely to yield the highest loads. Being highly nonlinear, transient and complex, a theoretical analysis of their impact would be impossible without numerical simulations. In this paper, a pressure-split two-stage numerical algorithm is proposed based on Volume Of Fluid (VOF) methodology. The algorithm is characterized by introduction of two pressures at each half and full cycle time step, and thus it is a second-order accurate algorithm in time. A simplified second-order Godunov-type solver is used for the continuity equations. The method is applied to simulation of breaking waves in a 2-D water tank, and a qualitative comparison with experimental photo observations is made. Quite consistent results are observed between simulations and experiments. Commercially available software and Boundary Integral Method (BIM) have also been used to simulate the same problem. The results from present code and BIM are in good agreement with respect to breaking location and timing, while the results obtained from the commercial software which is only first-order accurate in time has clearly showed a temporal and spatial lag, verifying the need to use a higher order numerical scheme.     

Variational principles in water-wave problems (wave radiation conditions and their variational treatment)

To discuss water-wave problems in unlimited waters, it is important to know what type of wave radiation condition should be placed on a virtual surface corresponding to infinity. For this kind of problem, the Sommerfeld radiation condition is well known. In this article, the condition is extended to treat a case with an incident wave. Furthermore, a more general wave radiation condition is introduced from a different point of view. The above-mentioned wave radiation conditions are introduced into the variational principles of the Kelvin, Hellinnger–Reissner, and Dirichlet type. The Dirichlet-type variational principles are then used in numerical calculations for bending waves in a bar, and the effectiveness of the wave radiation conditions and the variational principles is shown. The numerical results for one-dimensional water-wave problems are then given. As expected, the region required for the numerical solution is reduced drastically compared with that required by the Sommerfeld-type formulation. Furthermore, the amplitude of the diverging wave is obtained in the process of reaching the variational solution. Finally, two-dimensional water-wave problems are briefly discussed. Received: August 9, 2001 / Accepted: September 17, 2001     

京唐港泥沙淤积原因分析

论述了京唐港海区的水动力条件和环境泥沙特性 ,在此基础上 ,对京唐港的泥沙淤积原因进行了分析 ,并由此得出结论 :现状下京唐港平面布局有效地抑制了泥沙的集中淤积现象 ,降低了骤淤碍航的可能性