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971.
长江镇扬河段河势变化对航道条件的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在分析长江下游镇扬河段河势变化特点及其对航道条件影响的基础上,提出了该河段航道治理的思路.镇扬河段河势变化主要体现在汊道分流比调整和局部深泓主流变化,对该河段航道条件产生了显著的不利影响.针对这些变化特点,提出了航道整治思路:结合水利部门河势控制工程,加强影响航道条件有的重要洲滩及岸线的控制,稳定滩槽格局、适当控制或调整汊道分流格局,维持目前相对有利的航道条件;对局部可能出浅的河段,采取必要的工程措施适当束窄浅区段河道,增大航槽内冲刷能力,提高航道尺度. 相似文献
972.
主要介绍船用阀门材料的化学成分检测、力学性能分和无损检测所涉及的基本检测内容与方法,以及根据实验数据对材料的合格与否做出判定,进而指导阀门的设计制造与生产工艺,提出了材料检测试验在阀门领域中的设计应用方案. 相似文献
973.
974.
A mesoscopic pedestrian model is proposed, considering pedestrians as individuals and describing their movement by means of aggregate density-flow relationships. The model builds on a stochastic process, describing transition rates among adjacent sites on a lattice. Each lattice can contain several pedestrians. The approach is minimal and fast to simulate, and, by construction, capable of capturing population heterogeneity as well as variability in walking behaviour and en-route path choice. The model is more efficient than microscopic models, and potentially more accurate than macroscopic ones. We calibrate and validate the model using real data and carry out several numerical experiments to present its key properties and possible applications for simulation of large-scale scenarios. 相似文献
975.
In this paper large connected vehicle systems are analyzed where vehicles utilize vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication to control their longitudinal motion. It is shown that packet drops in communication channels introduce stochastic delay variations in the feedback loops. Scalable methods are developed to evaluate stability and disturbance attenuation while utilizing the mean, second moment, and covariance dynamics in open chain and closed ring configurations. The stability results are summarized using stability diagrams in the plane of the control parameters while varying the packet delivery ratio and the number of vehicles. Also, the relationship between the stability of different configurations is characterized. The results emphasize the feasibility of V2V communication-based control in improving traffic flow. 相似文献
976.
A general dynamical system model with link-based variables is formulated to characterize the processes of achieving equilibria from a non-equilibrium state in traffic networks. Several desirable properties of the dynamical system model are established, including the equivalence between its stationary state and user equilibrium, the invariance of its evolutionary trajectories, and the uniqueness and stability of its stationary points. Moreover, it is shown that not only a link-based version of two existing day-to-day traffic dynamics models but also two existing link-based dynamical system models of traffic flow are the special cases of the proposed model. The stabilities of stationary states of these special cases are also analyzed and discussed. In addition, an extension is made to the case with elastic demand. The study is helpful for better understanding the day-to-day adjustment mechanism of traffic flows in networks. 相似文献
977.
Local density, which is an indicator for comfortable moving of a pedestrian, is rarely considered in traditional force based and heuristics based pedestrian flow models. However, comfortable moving is surely a demand of pedestrian in normal situations. Recently, Voronoi diagram had been successfully adopted to obtain the local density of a pedestrian in empirical studies. In this paper, Voronoi diagram is introduced into the heuristics based pedestrian flow model. It provides not only local density but also other information for determining moving velocity and direction. Those information include personal space, safe distance, neighbors, and three elementary characteristics directions. Several typical scenarios are set up to verify the proposed model. The simulation results show that the velocity-density relations and capacities of bottleneck are consistent with the empirical data, and many self-organization phenomena, i.e., arching phenomenon and lane formation, are also reproduced. The pedestrians are likely to be homogeneously distributed when they are sensitive to local density, otherwise pedestrians are non-uniformly distributed and the stop-and-go waves are likely to be reproduced. Such results indicate that the Voronoi diagram is a promising tool in modeling pedestrian dynamics. 相似文献
978.
研究目的:目前,我国拟在高速铁路的土路基上铺设无砟轨道,由于高速铁路的轨道要求有更高的平顺性和舒适性,因此本文从车辆-轨道耦合大系统的角度出发,探讨土路基与刚性基础的过渡区段的动力特性,以期为过渡段的设计和施工提供理论支持和参考依据。
研究方法:基于车辆-轨道耦合动力学理论,建立了土路基-刚性基础过渡段模型,编制了动力学仿真计算程序,对过渡段的动力特性进行了仿真计算分析。
研究结论:在土路基-刚性基础过渡区段,轨道基础刚度差产生动力作用不是很大,但钢轨挠度变化显著;差异沉降对轮轨系统的动力作用十分剧烈,考虑30mm/10m的差异沉降,车体加速度达到1.0m/s。时,接近舒适度管理目标值0.13g;随着速度的提高,动力作用加剧,当运行速度从250km/h提高到350km/h时,最大轮轨垂向作用力从92kN提高到104kN,而最大车体加速度从1.0m/s^2提高到1.4m/s^2,此时已经超过了安全限值;过渡段的设置长度宜以车体加速度为主,最大差异沉降为30mm的过渡区段,过渡段的长度可以设置在25—30m之间。 相似文献
979.
980.