Private tollroads in urban areas

Governments of all persuasions are increasingly seeking the participation of the private sector in the supply of transport facilities and services. Private sector participation in the financing, construction, operation and maintenance of infrastructure is considered a serious option in a number of countries in the search for ways of providing much needed investment which would otherwise be deferred. This paper considers some economic and financial problems in the private sector provision of major road infrastructure within urban areas. The main issues are attaching prices (i.e. tolls) to the provision of the service, the value of government rights which are being given up either permanently or temporarily, and the identification required by the promoters of the cost of capital which is essential information in establishing the risk. Broader environmental and equity issues are not addressed. If the approach to establishing a private presence in a previously public supply context is handled properly from the outset, the benefits can be significant. Contrarily however, the prospects could be quite undesirable if badly managed, despite the presence of an extended public purse.requests for offprints     

卫星侦察通信环境仿真技术研究

在分析卫星侦察通信环境的基础上，开发了卫星侦察通信环境仿真系统，给出了环境仿真软件流程，并分析了软件实现的关键技术。该系统能够模拟卫星侦察完全截获状态下的常规通信环境，为卫星侦察通信信号的研究提供了环境平台。     

Geochemical impacts of waste disposal on the abyssal seafloor

The response of pore water oxygen, nitrate, sulfate, sulfide, ammonium and methane and particulate organic carbon distributions to the input of 8.5 million m³ (3.8×10¹² g) of organic-rich waste materials is simulated. The deposit is assumed to be conical with a maximum thickness of approximately 20 m. Remineralization reactions within the deposit rapidly deplete any initially available pore water oxidants such as oxygen, nitrate and sulfate, and are subsequently dominated by fermentation reactions. Diffusion downward of reduced metabolites, sulfide, ammonium and methane, depletes the available oxidants in the pore waters below the waste pile, increasing the thickness of the anoxic layer. While the impacted region is limited to essentially the deposition site, recovery of the pore waters is estimated to be >10⁴ years. The overall computational results are corroborated by the pore water distributions observed at turbidite boundaries. Numerous uncertainties in the parameterizations limit the overall accuracy of the calculations presented. The most significant of these are: (1) A quantitatively accurate assessment of the remineralization rate of the deposited organic matter including its rate of inoculation by abyssal microorganisms; (2) a detailed assessment of potential non-diffusive pore water transport processes including advection due to compaction and buoyancy-driven flows and enhanced exchange due to macrobenthic irrigation activities and (3) an assessment of the potential alteration of pore space and methane reactivity due to gas hydrate formation.     

论防治船舶污染海洋环境

从船舶污染海洋的角度,分析了船舶造成海洋污染的种类及原因,提出了构建法律体系、建立反应机制、增强环保意识、完善接受设备、加强监管鉴定等措施防止船舶污染海洋环境。     

我国中小城市摩托车的发展方向

以江西省吉安市为例,根据吉安市2004年交通调查的数据,对中小城市摩托车的现状、由其带来的安全、环境、交通问题以及摩托车的发展方向进行了研究,并对摩托车的合理发展和管理提出了具体建议。     

贯彻落实科学发展观 又好又快推进铁路建设 为加快和谐铁路建设作出更大贡献——在全路建设工作会议上的讲话(摘要)

2006年,铁道部落实建设和谐铁路的目标要求,“十一五”铁路建设实现良好开局。2007年,要抓住铁路建设黄金机遇期,围绕和谐铁路建设大局,以确保安全质量、严格控制投资为重点,认真贯彻铁路建设新理念。要完成铁路基建投资2560亿元;完成新线铺轨2099km,复线铺轨2347km;投产新线607km,复线663km,电气化铁路2019km。要科学组织,狠抓前期工作,狠抓施工组织,狠抓关键问题;要从严治本,实现安全质量有序可控;要精打细算,最大限度节约工程投资;要依法规范,提高建设管理水平,开创大规模铁路建设又好又快向前推进的新局面。     

基于工作过程的项目课程教学实践与探索

基于工作过程的项目课程从学生就业的岗位出发,通过典型工作任务分析,形成综合能力领域,再遵循人类认知的规律和职业成长过程转换成系列项目课程。项目课程模糊了理论教学与实践教学的界限,在对学员进行专业知识与技能的培训外,更加注重学生组织、交往、合作、自主学习、独立思考等关键能力的培养,激发了教师教学和学生学习的积极性。文章对基于工作过程的项目课程的开发、建设、实施进行了探索。     

浅析发展交通产业投资基金

基金产业是21世纪最具有前景的金融产业,产业投资基金是目前我国投资基金领域亟待研究的重大课题,也是一种促进国民经济发展的投资形式。文章通过分析发展交通产业投资基金的必要性、可行性,以及交通产业投资基金与其它融资方式相比的优势,展望了交通行业发展产业投资基金的良好前景,指出了交通产业投资基金不仅能为交通产业的发展提供新动力,更能为如何筹集更多的公路建设资金提供广阔的空间。     

大型地下车站基坑施工对周边环境的影响分析

广深港客运专线深圳福田站为我国第一座大型的客运专线地下车站。为确保车站基坑施工过程中周边建筑物的安全,就基坑施工对周边构筑物的影响进行了深入分析。探讨了硬化模型(HS模型)和莫尔库伦模型(MC模型)土体本构关系对基坑数值模拟的适应性。在考虑风载的不利因素作用下,分析了车站基坑施工对距离基坑只有12 m的香格里拉酒店的影响,为今后工程的设计与施工和周边建筑物的安全控制提供了参考依据。     

桥梁与建筑的结合——“栖居式桥梁”的历史发展和特征研究

栖居式桥梁以桥梁与建筑相结合,赋予桥多种功能空间,促使人们在其上驻留,这与现代大量的为快速交通服务的桥梁形成了鲜明对比。通过追溯栖居式桥梁的历史发展,解析其区别于现代桥梁的特征,如主要为人使用,提供惬意逗留的场所,与城市有机融合等,进而总结栖居式桥梁对现代桥梁设计的有益启示,指出当代桥梁建设应在满足人行需求、复合多样驻留功能、塑造观水开放空间、与环境相融合等方面得到进一步提高。