横向地震作用下车辆−板式无砟轨道系统随机振动分析

地震波本质为非平稳随机过程。为了准确分析地震波对车辆?轨道系统非线性振动行为及动力可靠度的影响,基于车辆?轨道动力相互作用模型、轨道不平顺概率模型和概率密度演化方程,建立考虑轨道随机不平顺作用的横向地震?车辆?轨道系统随机分析及可靠度计算模型。以地震波演化功率谱模型为例,峰值加速度取为1.96 m/s2,对地震和轨道不平顺联合作用下的车辆?轨道系统随机响应进行数值分析。研究结果表明:当考虑轨道不平顺和地震波的联合作用时,车体横向加速度和轮轨横向力较仅考虑地震波作用下的系统响应增大约10.92%和24.97%;轨道随机不平顺与地震随机波的耦合将进一步增大结构动力响应的离散性,故而开展地震和轨道随机不平顺的联合分析是必要的。     

轨道不平顺数据分析程序研究

利用Matlab软件编写的轨道不平顺数据分析程序能够对轨检车测得的不平顺数据进行处理,得到功率谱密度分布函数.轨道不平顺分析程序包括轨道不平顺数据预处理、轨道不平顺谱分布函数计算以及根据实测的车体振动加速度,对轨道不平顺与车体振动加速度进行相干分析、提出对行车运行有不利影响的不平顺波长范围等.研究结果表明:车辆的动力特...     

Sensitivity of the wheel–rail contact interactions and Dang Van Fatigue Index in the rail with respect to irregularities of the track geometry

This paper investigates the effects of the track geometry irregularities on the wheel–rail dynamic interactions and the rail fatigue initiation through the application of the Dang Van criterion, that supposes an elastic shakedown of the structure. The irregularities are modelled, using experimental data, as a stochastic field which is representative of the considered railway network. The tracks thus generated are introduced as the input of a railway dynamics software to characterise the stochastic contact patch and the parameters on which it depends: contact forces and wheelset–rail relative position. A variance-based global sensitivity analysis is performed on quantities of interest representative of the dynamic behaviour of the system, with respect to the stochastic geometry irregularities and for different curve radius classes and operating conditions. The estimation of the internal stresses and the fatigue index being more time-consuming than the dynamical simulations, the sensitivity analysis is performed through a metamodel, whose input parameters are the wheel–rail relative position and velocity. The coefficient of variation of the number of fatigue cycles, when the simulations are performed with random geometry irregularities, varies between 0.13 and 0.28. In a large radius curve, the most influent irregularity is the horizontal curvature, while, in a tight curve, the gauge becomes more important.     

Disturbance compensation with a torque controllable steering system

Via a conventional steering system the driver perceives desired and disturbing effects such as road feedback and resonance effects, respectively. They appear with overlapping frequency spectra within the driver's steering torque. This paper introduces a control algorithm that is suppressing periodic disturbances without affecting useful steering road feedback attributes as well as regular power assistance characteristic. This is realised by an integrated torque actuator within the steering column in conjunction with a conventional Hydraulic-assisted Power Steering (HPS) system.     

Dynamics of a railway vehicle on a laterally disturbed track

In this article a theoretical investigation of the dynamics of a railway bogie running on a tangent track with a periodic disturbance of the lateral track geometry is presented. The dynamics is computed for two values of the speed of the vehicle in combination with different values of the wavelength and amplitude of the disturbance. Depending on the combinations of the speed, the wavelength and the amplitude, straight line forward motion, different modes of symmetric or asymmetric periodic oscillations or aperiodic motions, which are presumably chaotic, are found. Statistical methods are applied for the investigation. In the case of sinusoidal oscillations they provide information about the phase shift between the different variables and the amplitudes of the oscillations. In the case of an aperiodic motion the statistical measures indicate some non-smooth transitions.     

考虑波长因素的提速线路捣固作业质量评价方法研究

捣固作业质量直接关系到线路轨道服役状态,多维度研究捣固作业后轨道几何形位的变化规律是有效提升线路捣固作业效率的关键。以某160 km/h提速干线改造工程为例,提出考虑波长因素的捣固方案,针对捣固作业后的轨道几何形位的变化,分析轨道静态不平顺数据及动态不平顺数据,研究70 m弦矢高、轨道质量指数、功率谱密度、小波变换、小波能量谱等时频分布特征,确定捣固作业前后轨道不平顺波长及幅值的变化规律。研究结果表明:考虑波长因素的捣固作业方法可以有效地改善线路的长波不平顺状态,高低不平顺的改善效果优于轨向不平顺;曲线区段改善率大于直线区段且曲线轨道质量改善率随圆曲线半径的增大而降低;线路线形得到基本控制后不能通过盲目地增加捣固作业次数来达到改善轨道质量的目的。     

A structural articulation method for assessing railway bridges subject to dynamic impact loading from track irregularities

This paper discusses the importance of track irregularities in railway bridge design, and presents a new technique for calculating the dynamic impact load induced by such irregularities: the structural articulation method. The properties of the combined bridge-suspension system are coupled through global mass, stiffness, and damping matrices. Under the proposed method, the true suspension system over a particular point on the bridge girder at time t is divided into equivalent suspension systems attributed to adjacent finite-element nodes of the bridge. The time-dependent effects of a moving mass are thereby included in the equation of motion.     

Railway ground vibrations induced by wheel and rail singular defects

Railway local irregularities are a growing source of ground-borne vibration and can cause negative environmental impacts, particularly in urban areas. Therefore, this paper analyses the effect of railway track singular defects (discontinuities) on ground vibration generation and propagation. A vehicle/track/soil numerical railway model is presented, capable of accurately predicting vibration levels. The prediction model is composed of a multibody vehicle model, a flexible track model and a finite/infinite element soil model. Firstly, analysis is undertaken to assess the ability of wheel/rail contact models to accurately simulate the force generation at the wheel/rail contact, in the presence of a singular defect. It is found that, although linear contact models are sufficient for modelling ground vibration on smooth tracks, when singular defects are present higher accuracy wheel/rail models are required. Furthermore, it is found that the variation in wheel/rail force during the singular defect contact depends on the track flexibility, and thus requires a fully coupled vehicle/track/foundation model. Next, a parametric study of ground vibrations generated by singular rail and wheel defects is undertaken. Six shapes of discontinuity are modelled, representing various defect types such as transition zones, switches, crossings, rail joints and wheel flats. The vehicle is modelled as an AM96 train set and it is found that ground vibration levels are highly sensitive to defect height, length and shape.