粤赣高速公路沥青比对试验误差分析及探讨

通过对粤赣高速公路沥青比对试验结果进行分析,得出比对试验是判别试验室试验水平高低的有效方法。重点阐述了比对试验的实施方案,数据处理方法,以及如何对数据处理结果进行正确的分析;特别介绍了如何运用2个数据一致性统计量（k值和h值）来判断试验的精密度和准确性,以及试验室数据的误差水平和可靠性。     

DEA模型在船闸运行效率评价中的应用

根据船闸运行的特点,建立了评价船闸运行相对有效性的DEA（C2R）模型,选取了决策单元,构建了投入产出指标体系,并结合江苏典型船闸进行了具体运用,得到泗阳船闸等4座船闸运行为相对有效。最后计算了各船闸输入冗余率和输出亏空率,为江苏船闸管理部门决策提供参考。     

Real-world gaseous and particle emissions of a Bi-fuel gasoline/CNG Euro 6 passenger car

The objective of the present study is the assessment of the environmental impact of a bivalent (bi-fuel) vehicle, running either on gasoline or compressed natural gas (CNG). To that aim, a Euro 6 passenger car was tested under various real-world driving conditions. In order to cover the full range of conventional powertrains currently in the market, the tests were also repeated on a Euro 6 diesel passenger car. Both cars were driven in two routes, the first complying with the regulation limits and the second going beyond them. Carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO_x) and particle number (PN) emissions were recorded using a Portable Emissions Measurement System (PEMS). Apart from the aggregated emission levels, in g/km, the exact emission location along the route was also assessed. Natural gas proved beneficial for CO and PN emissions, the level of which always remained below the respective legislation limits. On the other hand, under the dynamic driving conditions with gasoline, the relevant limits were exceeded. Cold start, occurring at the beginning of the urban part, and motorway driving were identified as major contributors to total emissions, especially in gasoline mode. However, the application of natural gas was associated with a penalty in NO_x emissions, which were significantly increased as compared to gasoline. Local peaks within the urban part were identified in CNG mode. In any case, the diesel vehicle was by far the highest NO_x emitter.     

Increasing urban tram system efficiency,with battery storage and electric vehicle charging

This paper examines the possible placement of Energy Storage Systems (ESS) on an urban tram system for the purpose of exploring potential increases in operating efficiency through the examination of different locations for battery energy storage. Further, the paper suggests the utilisation of Electric Vehicle (EV) batteries at existing Park and Ride (P&R) sites as a means of achieving additional energy storage at these locations. The study achieves this through MATLAB modelling utilising captured GPS data and publically available information. This study examines the scenario of uni-directional substations with no interconnection between the overhead catenary for both directions of travel, and discusses the trade-offs between ESS size and required current limits.The results show the savings in both energy and basic CO₂ emissions alongside the discussion of Return on Investment (RoI) that can be achieved through the potential installation of ESS at identified ideal locations along the tram network. Moreover, this may be extended to the use of EVs as stationary ESS sited at the existing P&R facilities. Further, the model may also be used to inform future infrastructure upgrades and potential improvements to air quality within urban environments.     

A constraint programming model with time uncertainty for cooperative flight departures

The lack of a proper integration of strategic Air Traffic Management decision support tools with tactical Air Traffic Control interventions usually generates a negative impact on the Reference Business Trajectory adherence, and in consequence affects the potential of the Trajectory-Based Operations framework. In this paper, a new mechanism relaying on Reference Business Trajectories as a source of data to reduce the amount of Air Traffic Controller interventions at the tactical level while preserving Air Traffic Flow Management planned operations is presented. Artificial Intelligence can enable Constraint Programming as it is a powerful paradigm for solving complex, combinatorial search problems. The proposed methodology takes advantage of Constraint Programming and fosters adherence of Airspace User’s trajectory preferences by identifying tight interdependencies between trajectories and introducing a new mechanism to improve the aircraft separation at concurrence events considering time uncertainty. The underlying philosophy is to capitalize present degrees of freedom between layered Air Traffic Management planning tools, when sequencing departures at the airports by considering the benefits of small time stamp changes in the assigned Calculated Take-Off Time departures and to enhance Trajectory-Based Operations concepts.     

（g,f,k）-临界图的一个充分条件

设G是一个图,F是G的一个完全因子且ω（F）≥2,g和f是定义在V（G）上的两个整数值函数,且对所有的x∈V（G）有0≤g（x）〈f（x）．本文证明：若对F的每个分支C,G—V（C）是（g,f,k）-临界图,则G本身也是（g,f,k）-临界图．     

基于矢量和法安全系数的边坡稳定性评价

以边坡的整体稳定性为研究对象,基于矢量和法安全系数k（θ）的边坡稳定性分析,首先确定安全系数的计算方向,在该方向上抗滑力与滑动力比值即为安全系数。该方法评价边坡稳定性时不需引入过多的假设,以显式格式求解,计算过程简便。利用ANSYS软件进行二次开发,利用矢量和法安全系数求解ACADS两道标准考题EX1(a)和EX1(c),得到与考题标准答案非常接近的结果,较边坡计算软件Geo-slope计算结果要小（误差在3 %以内）,证明了采用矢量和法安全系数评价边坡稳定性是可行的。     

钢筋混凝土地下构筑物的裂缝控制实践

结合工程实践 ,对钢筋混凝土地下构筑物结构设计中常用的几种裂缝控制方法进行了总结。     

涡轮增压器蜗壳喷嘴出口速度分布的数值模拟

以k—ε双方程模型模拟车用柴油机涡轮蜗壳内的气体流动情况 ,以心形线拟合蜗壳的通流截面 ,和SIMPLEST算法对蜗壳喷嘴出口气流角和速度的分布情况进行了三维数值计算 ,并将计算结果与实测流场进行了比较 ,两者分布规律吻合较好     

一种自动获得k值的聚类算法

针对k均值算法局限于k值和初始中心点选取的情况,提出了一种基于k均值的自动获得k值的KDM算法.该算法整体沿用k均值算法的思想,利用最大最小距离法选择初始聚类中心,并且选择聚类中心与划分对象同时进行.通过不断改变类中心,来达到较好的聚类效果.