气缸壁涂加催化剂对均质压燃发动机燃烧特性的影响

通过修改CHEMKIN软件包中的SENKIN模块,对气缸壁涂有催化剂的HCCI燃烧过程进行了数值计算。对比分析了缸内催化燃烧对HCCI发动机的着火时刻及NOx排放的影响;讨论了当气缸壁涂有催化剂时进气温度、进气压力、压缩比、过量空气系数及催化剂种类等多种工况参数对HCCI燃烧特性的影响。     

二次枝晶臂间距对A357合金时效动力学的影响

采用硬度计和光学显微镜对试样进行硬度测试和金相组织分析,研究了二次枝晶臂间距对A357合金时效动力学的影响.研究发现,在相同的条件下,随着A357合金试样二次枝晶臂间距的增大,固溶处理后达到的硬度值减小,而合金试样的时效硬度峰值推迟出现;通过对时效处理实验结果进行回归分析和量纲分析,得到时效硬度的数学模型,并验证了该模型的有效性.     

Degradation behavior of epoxy resins in fibre metal laminates under thermal conditions

GLARE (glass fibre/epoxy reinforced aluminum laminate) is a member of the fiber metal laminate (FML) family, and is built up of alternating metal and fiber layers. About 500 m² GLARE is employed in each Airbus A380 because of the superior mechanical properties over the monolithic aluminum alloys, such as weight reduction, improved damage tolerance and higher ultimate tensile strength. Many tons of new GLARE scraps have been accumulated during the Airbus A380 manufacturing. Moreover, with the increasing plane orders of Airbus A380, more and more end-of-life (EOL) GLARE scrap will be generated after retire of planes within forty years. Thermal processing is a potential method for the material recycling and re-use from GLARE with the aim of environmental protection and economic benefits. The current study indicatdes that thermal delamination is a crucial pre-treatment step for the GLARE recycling. The decomposition behavior of the epoxy resins at elevated temperatures was investigated by using the simultaneous thermal analysis, thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Based on the thermal analysis results, GLARE thermal delamination experiments at refined temperatures were carried out to optimize the treatment temperature and holding time.     

菜籽油生物柴油化学动力学机理的构建

采用气‐质联用仪测量了以菜籽油为原料制备的生物柴油的酯类组成成分和比例,根据主要组分的分子式和含量,拟合得到生物柴油的分子式。确定了以丁酸甲酯和正庚烷组成的混合燃料来替代生物柴油,采用“叠加法”构建得到一种新的生物柴油化学动力学机理。通过对影响主要污染物生成的基元反应进行敏感性分析,筛选出新机理中需要修正的基元反应。调整指前因子修正化学反应速率常数,模拟不同扰动下CO2和C2 H4的摩尔分数,分析模拟结果与试验结果的平均误差。研究结果表明：生物柴油的拟合分子式为C19 H36 O2;丁酸甲酯和正庚烷组成的混合燃料在分子式、分子量、黏度等方面较丁酸甲酯与实际的生物柴油更为接近,可用来替代生物柴油;在指前因子略增大的扰动下,新机理计算的CO2和C2 H4摩尔分数的平均误差均较小。     

Kinematic and Kinetic Analysis for the Tilting Mechanism of Railway Passenger Cars

The kinematics and kinetics of the tilting mechanism of railway passenger cars are studied. The parameters of the mechanism are given. The motions of the actuator, the center of gravity of the carbody and the center of coupler are calculated. Finally, the maximum driving force, output power and velocity of the actuator are discussed in detail.     

TD处理热力学和动力学探讨

探讨了TD处理过程中的热力学和动力学,结果表明,在1200K条件下,碳化钒形成的自由能为-40.52 kJ/mol;在1273 K处理条件下碳化钒形成的动力学曲线方程为D=3.866!t。     

固定式填充复合床光催化反应器动力学模式

提出了固定式填充复合床光催化反应器的理论计算数学模型及反应器效率的特性参数,通过试验对反应器的数学模型进行了验证,结果表明,理论计算值与试验值能很好的吻合,该数学模式可用于固定式填充复合床光催化反应器的设计计算.     

中空球形氢氧化铝粉体的煅烧动力学分析

以硫酸铝为原料,尿素为沉淀剂,在一定的醇水比例及水热条件下,经过一定的干燥处理之后,得到了中空球形的氢氧化铝粉体.采用SEM、XRD测试和TG-DSC分析对粉体的微观结构及热分解和晶型转变过程进行了研究.利用Popescu法[1]和Doyle-Ozawa法[2]分析了粉体的煅烧动力学.分析结果表明:由Popescu法确定了样品煅烧过程的机理函数的积分形式为g(a)=[1-(1-a)1/3]2,属于D3模型,是球形对称的三维扩散过程.该过程的活化能E a=175.123 kJ/mol,指前因子A=1.877×109~1.711×1010,用Doyle-Ozawa法计算出该过程的活化能E a=167.677 kJ/mol.由上述两种方法的分析结果可以得知:不同的分析方法对同一个动力学过程的分析结果基本保持在误差允许范围之内(ΔE=E1-E2<10 kJ/mol).     

Kinetics of municipal sewage degradation in EGSB and UASB reactors at 10℃

Kinetics of municipal sewage degradation in Expanded Granular Sludge Bed (EGSB) and Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactors at 10℃ were investigated via continuous experimental equipments. The results indicated that the whole reaction process can be simulated by the first-order dynamic equation model. Dynamic parameters such as k, Vmax and Ks of UASB in hydrolysis acidification stage were 1.08 d-1, 2.8 d-1 and 372 mg/L comparing to those of 1.18 d-1, 3.5 d-1 and 112 mg/L in the methanogenesis stage respectively. The EGSB's k, Vmax and Ks were 2.91 d-1, 14.3 d-1 and 470 mg/L in the hydrolysis acidification stage comparing to those of 1.68 d-1, 6.6 d-1 and 103 mg/L in the methanogenesis stage respectively. Comparison of k values of the two stages in UASB and EGSB indicates that hydrolysis acidification stage is the controlling step for the whole reaction process of UASB, while methanogenesis stage is the controlling step in EGSB. Compared with UASB, municipal sewage treatment by EGSB at 10 ℃ can reach the same effluent requirement with lower retention time due to its effluent recirculation.