大跨径连续刚构桥箱梁悬臂施工阶段剪滞效应分析

采用有限元软件计算分析大跨径预应力混凝土单箱室刚构桥悬臂施工阶段主要控制截面的剪力滞系数.分析结果对桥梁悬臂施工过程应力测试控制有较大意义,可为同类桥梁设计提供参考.     

部分预应力混凝土梁设计中几个问题的试验与分析

本文根据两组翼缘宽比梁高为1的工字形和T形截面部分预应力混凝土梁的试验结果,分析了非预应力钢筋采用Ⅲ级钢筋的可能性;非预应力钢筋中应力变化特点;翼缘剪力滞后影响;不同截面形式对名义拉应力的影响;裂缝计算等问题。并提出有关建议。     

线路轨控分析与维修探讨

为使铁路设备质量达到均衡,线路检查分析需要综合轨检车、静态检查、动态添乘等检查数据,建立相关数据库。文中通过对动静态超限、晃车、翻浆等线路病害的综合分析,提出了对线路状态评定的方法,合理安排维修计划,从而达到线路质量的有序可控。     

高速公路作业区汇入提示标志设置研究

考虑驾驶员在作业区上游过渡车道上行驶的过程中,车辆可汇入相邻车道的临界间隙的变化情况,减少作业区警告区末端由于汇入产生的冲突,提出设置汇入提示标志。利用M3分布模型与间隙接受理论,通过微分方法得到次车道上车辆的汇入概率模型。利用该概率模型,得到了在不同交通流状态下的汇入提示标志设置距离,同时对影响汇入概率的交通流参数进行了分析。计算结果表明：当自由流比例及车速均相同时,设置距离随交通流量增大而增大;而当车速与交通流量均相同时,设置距离随自由流比例增大而减小;当自由流比例与交通流量均相同时,设置距离随车速增大而增大。因此应结合作业区的限速值进行汇入提示标志的设置。     

东莞市梨川大桥工程中堂矮塔斜拉桥设计

东莞市梨川大桥工程中堂水道主桥为矮塔斜拉桥,跨越东江中堂水道。从桥梁总体设计和结构设计两方面阐述主桥的设计思路和主要技术特点;通过总体杆系计算和三维实体仿真分析,掌握桥梁的整体受力特性及宽幅式断面剪力滞、轴力滞特征,明晰索力的传递规律与腹板受力不均匀性,寻求此类矮塔斜拉桥的合理受力状态。     

一座多塔宽幅脊梁矮塔斜拉桥的设计特色

江肇高速公路西江大桥采用四塔五跨矮塔斜拉桥体系,主桥跨径组合为（66＋120＋2×138＋120＋66）=886 m,其具有＂多塔、梁宽、联长＂等结构特点,针对结构特点,设计中对结构体系、主梁宽幅脊梁断面及矮塔斜拉桥合理受力状态等做了初步的探讨和技术创新。     

薄壁曲线箱梁剪力滞效用的有限元解法与实验研究

解释了箱梁的剪力滞效应并对其常用解法的优缺点进行了比较,介绍了有限元解法,利用SHELL63单元,运用ANSYS有限元分析方法对一具体箱梁进行分析,得出计算值与实验值吻合良好,可见利用ANSYS对薄壁箱梁剪力滞进行求解简单且可靠。     

预应力混凝土连续箱梁桥的空间分析

采用有限元法对一座三跨预应力混凝土连续箱梁桥进行了空间分析,静载及动载试验测试结果表明模型的正确性,并对主梁三个测试截面的剪力滞效应进行了研究。试验中发现跨中截面箱梁底板出现了众多的纵向裂缝,研究发现全桥纵向力筋配置过多,泊松比效应明显,而设计中未采用横向预力筋,横向应力过大是造成底板混凝土开裂的主要原因,而在相应位置增加横隔板可以显著提高横向抗弯刚度。对同类桥的设计具有参考价值。     

Railway vehicle performance optimisation using virtual homologation

Unlike regular automotive vehicles, which are designed to travel in different types of roads, railway vehicles travel mostly in the same route during their life cycle. To accept the operation of a railway vehicle in a particular network, a homologation process is required according to local standard regulations. In Europe, the standards EN 14363 and UIC 518, which are used for railway vehicle acceptance, require on-track tests and/or numerical simulations. An important advantage of using virtual homologation is the reduction of the high costs associated with on-track tests by studying the railway vehicle performance in different operation conditions. This work proposes a methodology for the improvement of railway vehicle design with the objective of its operation in selected railway tracks by using optimisation. The analyses required for the vehicle improvement are performed under control of the optimisation method global and local optimisation using direct search. To quantify the performance of the vehicle, a new objective function is proposed, which includes: a Dynamic Performance Index, defined as a weighted sum of the indices obtained from the virtual homologation process; the non-compensated acceleration, which is related to the operational velocity; and a penalty associated with cases where the vehicle presents an unacceptable dynamic behaviour according to the standards. Thus, the optimisation process intends not only to improve the quality of the vehicle in terms of running safety and ride quality, but also to increase the vehicle availability via the reduction of the time for a journey while ensuring its operational acceptance under the standards. The design variables include the suspension characteristics and the operational velocity of the vehicle, which are allowed to vary in an acceptable range of variation. The results of the optimisation lead to a global minimum of the objective function in which the suspensions characteristics of the vehicle are optimal for the track, the maximum operational velocity is increased while the safety and ride quality measures of the vehicle, as defined by homologation standards, are either maintained in acceptable values or improved.     

厦漳跨海大桥南汊主桥主梁设计与研究

厦漳跨海大桥南汊主桥为跨径布置135m+300m+135m的双塔斜拉桥.该桥主梁采用钢-混结合梁,双工字形钢主梁、横梁和小纵梁形成钢构架,与混凝土桥面板通过剪力钉连接,在工字形钢主梁的上翼缘板上焊接锚拉板.对主梁进行整体和局部分析,并对主梁混凝土桥面板正应力和存放时间2个关键问题进行研究.分析结果表明:钢主梁和混凝土桥面板受力均满足规范要求,且有一定的安全储备;结合梁斜拉桥混凝土桥面板正应力分析中必须考虑弯矩和轴向力综合作用下的剪力滞效应的影响;混凝土桥面板存梁时间对主梁受力有影响,建议存梁时间不宜小于半年.