考虑腐蚀影响的FPSO风险接受准则研究

风险接受准则是进行风险评估时一项重要的组成部分.风险接受准则的选取将直接影响到对风险水平的判断.文章通过对一艘FPSO受腐蚀影响造成的构件厚度失效的概率及船体梁极限强度时变可靠性进行计算,根据不同腐蚀条件下的结果和工程实际需要从总体与构件两方面考虑合理的风险接受准则以全面反映 FPSO的风险水平.最后以所选择的风险接受准则对检测维护规划行动展开初步的讨论.     

变高度薄壁箱梁剪力滞的几何非线性分析

根据势能变分原理,考虑薄壁箱梁翼缘的剪力滞效应和结构竖向挠度的几何非线性,导出了变高度薄壁箱梁的非线性控制微分方程,并采用样条最小二乘配点法进行求解.将计算值与试验结果进行了比较,两者吻合较好.研究表明,对于三跨变高度薄壁连续箱梁,在均布荷载作用下,内支座截面的应力分布不均匀程度较中跨跨中截面大;荷载越大,非线性效应越显著.     

大跨径连续钢箱梁设计方法

介绍快速路西纵联络线立交跨河桥大跨径连续钢箱梁设计与施工方法,系统论述了设计过程,对关键节点详细分析,提出可行的设计方法,可为今后类似的桥梁建设提供经验。     

An empirical investigation on consumers’ intentions towards autonomous driving

Major steps towards implementation of autonomous and connected transport are being taken nowadays. The trend of automation technology being used in vehicles by the most important vehicle manufacturing industries is expected to move closer to high or fully Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) through technological advancements in sectors of robotics and artificial intelligence. Vehicles with autonomous driving capabilities are planning to be available on market, in full scale, in the next years. In the longer term substantial benefits are mainly expected for accessibility to transport, safety, traffic flow, emissions, fuel use and comfort. All these potential societal benefits will not be achieved unless AVs are accepted and used by a critical mass of people. Addressing these challenges, this paper: (a) proposes a technology acceptance modelling process by extending the original Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to explain and predict consumers’ intensions towards AVs, (b) based on the proposed TAM-extended framework, a 30-question survey was conducted in order to investigate the factors influencing consumers’ intensions to use and accept AVs. Results show that the constructs of perceived usefulness, perceived ease to use, perceived trust and social influence, are all useful predictors of behavioral intentions to have or use AVs, with perceived usefulness having the strongest impact. The insights derived from this study could significantly contribute to ongoing research related to technology acceptance of AVs and are expected to allow automobile industries to improve their design and technology.     

What drives people to accept automated vehicles? Findings from a field experiment

This field study aims at understanding the influence of direct experience of an automated vehicle (AV, Level 3) and explaining and predicting public acceptance of AVs through a psychological model. The model includes behavioral intention (BI) to use self-driving vehicles (SDVs, Level 5), willingness to re-ride (WTR) in our AV (Level 3), and their four potential determinants, namely perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEU), trust related to SDVs, and perceived safety (PS) while riding in our AV. The last two determinants are largely ignored, but we consider them critical in the context of AVs. Three-hundred students were invited as participants (passengers) to experience the AV. The trust, PU, PEU, and BI of the participants were recorded prior to their experiencing the AV; after this experience, all the constructs of the psychological model were recorded. The participants’ experience with the AV was found to increase their trust, PU and PEU (but not BI), the consistency between PU/PEU and BI, and the explanatory power of BI. The model explained 55% of the variance in BI and 40% in WTR. PU, trust, and PS were found to be steady and direct predictors of both the acceptance measures; PEU predicted BI only after the participants’ AV experience. Mediation analysis showed that trust also can indirectly affect AV acceptance through other determinants. Out-of-sample prediction confirmed the model’s predictive capability for AV acceptance. The theoretical contributions and practical implications of the findings are discussed.     

Connectivity’s impact on mandatory lane-changing behaviour: Evidences from a driving simulator study

The connected environment provides driving aids to help drivers making efficient and safe driving decisions. The literature to date is devoid of conclusive evidences of the connected environment’s impact on drivers’ mandatory lane-changing (MLC) behaviour. As such, the objective of this study is to examine MLC behaviour through a driving simulator experiment using the CARRS-Q Advanced Driving Simulator. Participants with diverse background performed the experiment in randomised driving conditions: baseline (without the driving aids), connected environment with perfect communication, and connected environment with communication delay. Repeated measure ANOVA in the form of linear mixed model and Generalized Estimation Equation (GEE) are employed to analyse various driving performance indicators during MLC event. We find that drivers in the connected environment tend to wait longer, increase the initial speed, and maintain a larger spacing, compared to when they are driving in the baseline condition. In addition, drivers in the connected environment are likely to reject fewer number of gaps and select relatively bigger gap sizes. Furthermore, post-encroachment time (PET) in the connected environment is higher across different gap sizes, indicating that the connected environment makes MLC safer. The GEE model on gap acceptance suggests that the perfect communication and communication delay has positive and negative impact on the accepted gap size, respectively, and the GEE model on lane-change duration indicates that lane-change duration tends to increase in the connected environment.     

钢-砼组合箱梁考虑滑移时剪力滞效应分析

在假定的位移模式及相应的假定条件下,根据组合箱梁的应变表达式,采用虚功原理推导出平衡和变形协调方程。通过分部积分得到组合箱梁考虑相对滑移和剪力滞效应的微分方程以及相应的边界条件,利用差分法来求解带有边界条件的微分方程组。以带有悬臂翼板的钢 砼组合箱梁为例分析其考虑滑移时的剪力滞效应,通过算例可以看出砼板的应力随剪力连接件的刚度增大而增加,钢箱梁的应力和组合箱梁的挠度随剪力连接件的刚度增大而减小。     

有轨电车道口信号优先设计

本文以道口整体延误损失为目标函数,在利用遗传算法优化干线道口之间相位差的基础上,结合道口信号优先控制方法以及有轨电车滞站调度,提出了基于干线协调的有轨电车信号相对优先控制方案,并设计模型进行仿真,证明该方案可以有效降低干线上的车辆延误,并实现有轨电车的准点运行.     

基于固定延迟平滑算法的机动目标跟踪方法

为进一步提高机动目标的跟踪精度和估值算法的数值稳定性,文章基于平方根UKF（square root UKF：SR-UKF）和固定延迟平滑算法（fixed-lag smoothing）提出一种新的固定延迟平方根UKS算法（fixed-lag square root unscentedkal man smoothing：FL-SR-UKS）。数值仿真说明该算法可以有效处理机动目标跟踪问题,且状态估值精度优于SR-UKF。     

Review and Outlook of Roundabout Capacity

Capacity is an important part of the operation efficiency at roundabouts. Through analyzing existing capacity models of roundabout, this paper focuses on the problem research principles and methods such as empirical regression model, gap acceptance model and model based on simulation software. The key technologies of modeling are also analyzed. Then the general approaches of modeling roundabout capacity are proposed, combined with some problems easily overlooked in previous study. Determining the interaction mechanism among each traffic flow and considering the significant impact factors, the capacity model is established on the whole. Finally, combing with the control objectives of roundabouts, an outlook is proposed for future studies on roundabout capacity.