基于排队状态的单点交叉口动态信号配时算法

以绿灯末尾排队状态为目标,研究了二相位控制单点交叉口的动态信号配时。根据排队形成和消散过程建立了排队模型,分析了信号周期、绿信比和到达率对排队状态的影响。以两相位排队均处在弱欠饱和状态为控制目标,提出了随到达率变化的简便信号配时算法,根据总流量比计算信号周期,根据较大的流量比调节主相位绿信比。仿真结果表明:信号周期缓慢地同向改变两相排队状态,绿信比反向改变两相排队状态,到达率仅改变相应相位的排队状态。当交叉口饱和流率为0.50 pcu·s-1,黄灯和绿灯前损时间为4 s,到达率在0.10～0.26 pcu·s-1之间变化时,两相排队始终都在弱欠饱和状态,说明配时算法是有效的。     

网络自主学习情景中大学英语大班教学实验研究

文中从大学英语网络自主学习教学实验易产生的诸多问题出发,以建构主义理论和学习策略理论为基础,就网络自主学习、评估模式、大班教学和网络第二课堂开拓方面对广东工业大学本科二年级学生进行了问卷调查和访谈。根据所发现的问题,广东工业大学针对性改革了教学,实施了新的措施。     

基于疲劳裂纹扩展率单一曲线模型的疲劳寿命预测

基于疲劳裂纹扩展率单一曲线模型对铝合金D16CzATWH等在不同加载次序下的疲劳裂纹扩展行为进行了预测.通过与已有文献试验数据和NASGRO条带屈服模型的计算结果进行比较,发现本模型的预测结果和试验数据符合得较好,并能解释NASGRO模型不易解决的过载迟滞效应.同时该模型需要的参数相对较少且易于确定,因此该模型有良好的工程适用性.模型中载荷效应指数与过载频率以及过载幅度相关,它的取值对预测结果有显著影响.     

基于FEM的承受附加载荷的法兰连接安全评价

在考虑垫片力学性能的非线性和非保守的基础上,提出了承受附加载荷高温螺栓法兰连接结构的有限元分析方法。运用APDL和UIDL,开发了基于ANSYS环境的法兰连接结构强度和紧密性分析模块,实现了连接系统的参数化建模及程序化计算。提出了基于紧密性的承受附加载荷螺栓法兰连接的安全评价方法,并以某铂重整装置接管法兰连接为对象,验证了有限元分析和安全评价方法的可行性,确定了该连接的安全操作条件。     

在役输气管线的完整性评价方法

引入国外发展较好的完整性评价技术,从影响在役输气管线完整性的各种因素着手,对在役输气管线的完整性评价从安全性、可靠性和风险性3个方面进行分析。管道完整性评价是将3种评价方法有机结合起来,深入研究将大大减少管道事故的发生,并减轻事故造成的后果,从而为在役输气管线的完整性管理提供可靠的依据。     

随机海况下的船体结构疲劳裂纹扩展

传统的疲劳问题一般都是采用S—N曲线及Miner累计损伤理论进行的,文章在基于断裂力学的基础上,通过权函数法来计算应力沿裂纹面的非线性效应力强度因子,鉴于船舶在海洋环境中受到载荷的随机性,充分考虑加载次序、过载峰和应力比等对裂纹扩展的影响,给出了船舶结构疲劳裂纹在随机载荷下的扩展寿命的计算过程。     

LNG运输船作为浮式储存装置的适应性评估研究

采用OCIMF方法和水动力分析法,对3万方LNG运输船靠泊码头作为FSU适应性评估进行了研究,运用AQWA软件并结合码头实际情况对已有系泊方案进行了优化设计。从碰垫选型、系泊方案分析、总管与软管连接兼容性和设备维护保养等方面评估了该轮作为FSU的适应性,并结合船舶、码头实际配备情况提出相应的建议措施,为作为FSU安全作业提供保障。     

Evolving Narratives of Low-Carbon Futures in Transportation

Scenarios of low-carbon transport demonstrate that a vast range of different outcomes is possible and contingent on policy, technology and cultural developments. But a closer look indicates that different schools of thought suggest possible pathways diverging in their fine structure. This perspective reveals how three different scientific communities — integrated assessment modelers, transport-sector modelers, and place-based modelers — emphasize distinct solution domains. While integrated assessment models focus on fuel composition, transport-sector models put slightly higher emphasis on efficiency measures; in turn place-based research specifies idiosyncratic behavioral and infrastructural mitigation options that are likely to be beneficial in realizing local co-benefits. These specific local approaches could mitigate urban transport emissions by 20–50%, higher than that revealed in aggregate global models. We discuss differences in approach, possibilities for reconciliation, and the implications of normative assumptions. Targeted three-directional interactions would foster comprehensive understanding of possible low-carbon transportation futures.     

Fatigue life prediction based on the rainflow cycle counting method for the end beam of a freight car bogie

This paper presents a system for treating of the actual measured data for load histories. The approach consists of two steps: stress analysis and fatigue damage prediction. Finite element analysis is conducted for the component in question to obtain detailed stress-strain responses. A significant number of failures occurred in a brake end beam which led to economic losses and disruption of service. The cracks appeared to be fatigue cracks caused by the dynamic load produced in the loaded bogie frame. Strain gauge data were analyzed, and fatigue cycles were calculated from this data. Rainflow cycle counting was used to estimate cumulative damage of the end beam under in-service loading conditions. The fatigue life calculated with the rainflow cycle counting method, the P-S-N curve, and the modified Miner’s rule agreed well with actual fatigue life within an error range of 2.7%~31%.     

基于影响线的桥梁结构评定理论研究进展

阐述基于影响线的桥梁结构评定理论的研究进展,主要包括5方面内容：1）影响线及其1阶、2阶位置灵敏度分析用于定性判断损伤的存在与否;2）基于影响线的位置敏感性参数对损伤进行定位分析;3）基于影响线的有限元模型修正理论对损伤程度进行定量分析;4）利用影响线评定理论对结构进行评定;5）基于有限元模型修正的损伤函数理论对损伤发展趋势进行预测。这一理论涵盖了损伤评定理论体系的全部内容,为桥梁评定尤其是快速桥梁评定提供了新手段和新思路。