通过单片机实现对可编程电机的调速控制

使用单片机实现对PG电机的闭环调速控制,可以使电机的转速实现平稳无级调节,并且能有效地降低噪音。本文通过分析其工作原理,结合具体电路,给出了控制实现方案。     

基于排队状态的单点交叉口动态信号配时算法

以绿灯末尾排队状态为目标,研究了二相位控制单点交叉口的动态信号配时。根据排队形成和消散过程建立了排队模型,分析了信号周期、绿信比和到达率对排队状态的影响。以两相位排队均处在弱欠饱和状态为控制目标,提出了随到达率变化的简便信号配时算法,根据总流量比计算信号周期,根据较大的流量比调节主相位绿信比。仿真结果表明:信号周期缓慢地同向改变两相排队状态,绿信比反向改变两相排队状态,到达率仅改变相应相位的排队状态。当交叉口饱和流率为0.50 pcu·s-1,黄灯和绿灯前损时间为4 s,到达率在0.10～0.26 pcu·s-1之间变化时,两相排队始终都在弱欠饱和状态,说明配时算法是有效的。     

湿热地区沥青混合料水稳定性评价方法研究

针对湿热地区的实际情况,在分析和比较浸水马歇尔试验和冻融劈裂试验优缺点的基础上,自行设计了浸水劈裂试验。对相同材料,相同级配的沥青混合料分别进行这3种试验。试验结果分析表明:浸水马歇尔试验不宜作为沥青混合料水损坏的评价方法;冻融劈裂试验具有较好的区分性,和黏附性试验相关性也较好,但仍有一些不足之处;浸水劈裂试验对冻融劈裂试验进行了改进,比较适宜作为湿热地区沥青混合料水稳性能评价方法。     

基于疲劳裂纹扩展率单一曲线模型的疲劳寿命预测

基于疲劳裂纹扩展率单一曲线模型对铝合金D16CzATWH等在不同加载次序下的疲劳裂纹扩展行为进行了预测.通过与已有文献试验数据和NASGRO条带屈服模型的计算结果进行比较,发现本模型的预测结果和试验数据符合得较好,并能解释NASGRO模型不易解决的过载迟滞效应.同时该模型需要的参数相对较少且易于确定,因此该模型有良好的工程适用性.模型中载荷效应指数与过载频率以及过载幅度相关,它的取值对预测结果有显著影响.     

掺加芳纶纤维对桥隧修补混凝土干缩性能的影响

针对铁路路线中桥隧建筑物容易产生干缩开裂的问题展开讨论,研究了掺加芳纶纤维对修补混凝土干缩性能的影响。通过分析试验数据,发现掺加适量的芳纶纤维,可以有效减小水泥混凝土的干缩率。初步探讨了芳纶纤维减小水泥混凝土干缩率的机理。     

基于CT扫描技术的混凝土结构裂缝宽度与钢筋锈蚀率相关性分析*

为了了解混凝土结构的裂缝宽度与钢筋锈蚀率之间的关系,同时掌握裂缝宽度及钢筋锈蚀率的无损检测技术,特别采用CT扫描技术,对一批加速腐蚀的混凝土构件进行测试,得到了混凝土构件的裂缝宽度及锈蚀率,分析钢筋锈蚀率与裂缝宽度的相关性。从分析的结果来看,钢筋锈蚀率与裂缝宽度的相关曲线与其它学者研究的曲线趋势一致,但变化率有所不同,该曲线可以为揭示混凝土结构裂缝宽度与钢筋锈蚀率变化规律提供参考,同时CT扫描技术可以推广应用在混凝土无损检测中。     

基于一种固体区域迭代算法的圆柱涡激振动数值计算

利用Fluent平台的用户自定义程序（UDF）以及动网格模型,实现了圆柱运动方程的一种迭代求解算法,分别对层流、湍流状态下,弹性支承圆柱体在一定约化速度下的涡激响应进行了数值模拟,探讨了不同阻尼比对涡激响应的影响。结果表明：采用该迭代求解算法对弹性支承圆柱涡激振动的预测结果较为合理;随着阻尼比的逐渐增加,初始支振幅、升阻力系数时程曲线将由多频率拍振,最终变为单一频率主导的振动,且涡激振幅逐渐减小;除了质量-阻尼比联合参数m*ζ外,阻尼比ζ本身也应作为一个重要的涡激影响参数单独进行考量。     

Effect of intake valve swirl on fuel-gas mixing and subsequent combustion in a CAI engine

A fully three-dimensional model was used to investigate the optimal value for intake valve lift in a CAI engine. Uniform mixing in the engine is a key parameter that affects the auto-ignition reliability and thermal efficiency. The method of intake of the air supply often determines the uniformity (or quality) of the fuel-air mixture. In this paper, four strategies were applied for controlling the swirl intensity of intake air. The variation of the intake valve lift induces different swirling and tumbling intensities. Both experimental data and 1D WAVE software (Ricardo, Co.) were coupled with the 3D model to provide pressure and temperature boundary conditions. The initial condition of the EGR mass fraction was also provided by the 1D model. The benchmark scenario (Case 1) was considered as a valve lift with 2 mm for all intake valves. We found that an intake valve lift of 6 mm with the other intake valve closed (i.e., Case 5) yielded the largest swirling (helical motion in the axial direction) and tumbling, which in turn rendered optimal fuel-gas mixing. We also found that fuel distribution affected the auto-ignition sites (or spot). The better the mixing, the greater the gas temperature and combustion efficiency achieved, as seen in Case 5. The NOx level, however, was increased due to the gas temperature. The optimal operating condition is selected from the viewpoints of environmental protection and combustion efficiency.     

Fatigue life prediction based on the rainflow cycle counting method for the end beam of a freight car bogie

This paper presents a system for treating of the actual measured data for load histories. The approach consists of two steps: stress analysis and fatigue damage prediction. Finite element analysis is conducted for the component in question to obtain detailed stress-strain responses. A significant number of failures occurred in a brake end beam which led to economic losses and disruption of service. The cracks appeared to be fatigue cracks caused by the dynamic load produced in the loaded bogie frame. Strain gauge data were analyzed, and fatigue cycles were calculated from this data. Rainflow cycle counting was used to estimate cumulative damage of the end beam under in-service loading conditions. The fatigue life calculated with the rainflow cycle counting method, the P-S-N curve, and the modified Miner’s rule agreed well with actual fatigue life within an error range of 2.7%~31%.     

浅谈环氧树脂灌浆技术

在水利工程,对一些小型涵闸的维修加固,例如对涵洞、挡墙及闸室等部位的裂缝修复,经常会用到环氧树脂灌浆技术,该文对环氧树脂灌浆技术从适用范围、材料组成、配合比、配制工艺及施工工艺等方面加以阐述,可供类似工程参考。