中小型LNG船货罐鞍座及附近船体材料分布研究

C型独立液货罐是中小型LNG船的主要液舱形式,属于半冷半压式容器。由于贮存LNG的液货罐处于低温状态,且因与船体相连的鞍座支撑,在鞍座及附近船体上就会形成温度梯度,故有必要对鞍座及附近船体结构进行温度场分析,以确定其材料分布。提出了对该C型独立液货罐鞍座及其附近船体结构热分析的方法,认为鞍座及其附近船体处在低温液货、海水与空气3种流体介质中,通过船体与3种流体的对流换热及其与层压木之间的热传导达到热平衡。借助ANSYS有限元软件,给出有限元热分析模型的简化和对流载荷的施加方法,以确定鞍座及其附近船体结构的温度场分布,结合材料的最低许用设计温度确定鞍座及附近船体结构材料的合理分布,以防止材料发生低温脆性破坏,并给出具体实例。     

城轨虚拟编组关键性能指标及技术探讨

列车虚拟编组技术能够实现车辆资源的高效灵活利用,是解决轨道交通客流时空分布不均衡问题的有效方法,已成为国内外的研究热点。既有研究借鉴了汽车编队追踪的思路,主要关注于列车稳定追踪的相关方法,未能完全适应轨道交通的实际需求。针对城市轨道交通(简称“城轨”)虚拟编组研究的需要,深入分析城轨列车运行的特征,在此基础上总结提出包括站台停车时间差等在内的城轨列车虚拟编组应符合的技术性能指标;其次,针对虚拟编组的技术特征,提出包括大小交路和Y型线路等适合列车虚拟编组的潜在应用场景,并对实现虚拟编组的关键技术及其原理进行介绍,可为城轨列车虚拟编组研究提供参考。     

轨道交通站点地区空间网络 形态研究 ——基于广州 3 个地铁站域的比较分析

针对我国城市以公共交通为导向的开发(transit-oriented development,TOD)实施过程中出现的交通站点与 空间形态发展耦合不足、步行环境欠佳、功能适配性存疑等问题,以广州珠江新城、公园前和长寿路 3 个地铁站 点为例,借助空间句法比较分析站域空间网络的组构特性及其与站点布置、步行人流分布、建设强度及功能布局 等的关联,考察 TOD 模式下站域空间形态发展的特征及规律,并对存在的问题进行厘定。结果显示：珠江新城 站域街区网格化程度不足,站点与空间组构耦合互动不足;公园前站域街道网络可达性强,集聚人群活动效应明 显,但当前功能布局与空间组构存在不匹配现象;长寿路站域背景网络结构连续均匀,对步行交通出行有利,但 商业功能布局对小尺度组构所牵引的人流利用不足。因此,我国未来轨道交通站域建设应关注空间组构对人车流 的基础决定力量,提高交通站点、功能布局与空间网络形态之间的协同。     

带外伸横梁的钢箱梁桥横梁计算有效分布宽度研究

为解决带外伸横梁的钢箱梁桥横梁计算有效分布宽度问题,借助无限长板带对位荷载下的应力分布研究结果,导出了不同桥宽和不同宽度外伸横梁对应的有效分布宽度扩散角;然后分别采用板壳有限元模型和梁单元模型对实际工程中超宽桥梁外伸横梁受力进行对比分析,以验证导出的有效分布宽度扩散角的实用性和有效性。结果表明：采用导出的有效分布宽度扩散角的梁单元模型计算结果与板壳有限元模型计算结果非常接近,且能够包络板壳有限元模型的计算结果,是偏于安全的。     

《城市轨道交通研究》2000-2004年的载文分析

依据中国科学技术信息研究所研制的《中国科技论文与引文数据库(CSTPCD)》,选取《城市轨道交通研究》2000—2004年刊载的542篇论文作为统计对象,运用文献计量学的原理和方法对指标数据进行统计分析,还讨论了载文的地区分布、机构分布和合著情况等方面。分析结果表明主要指标保持增长;企业论文比例高;具有吸引境外论文的能力。     

导向圆弧和中孔喷射对TR燃烧系统影响的研究

为研究导向圆弧和中孔喷射对TR燃烧系统的影响,应用STAR—CD软件对TR燃烧系统进行三维数值模拟。结果表明,在导向圆弧的作用下产生的燃油二次雾化,大大加速了混合气的形成和燃烧。中孔喷射使TR燃烧系统的着火区域出现在燃烧室中心,并有序地向外扩展,燃烧室中间的空气得到有效利用。中心喷孔的直径不能过大,否则燃烧恶化,烟度上升。     

Numerical investigation on effect of the relative motion of stock/switch rails on the load transfer distribution along the switch panel in high-speed railway turnout

In railway turnout, the stock rail and switch rail are separated to enable the vehicle changing among the tracks, and they are provided with different rail resilience level on the baseplate. Therefore, there will be vertical relative motion between stock/switch rails under the wheel loads, and the relative motion will affect consequentially the wheel–rail contact conditions. A method is developed to investigate the effect of the relative motion of stock/switch rails on the load transfer distribution along the switch panel in high-speed railway turnout. First, the rigid wheel–rail contact points of stock/switch rails are calculated based on the trace line method, and then the contact status is determined by the presented equations, finally, the distribution of wheel–rail contact forces of stock/switch rails is obtained based on the continuity of interface displacements and forces which using an approximate surface deformation method. Some parametric studies have been performed, such as the lateral displacement of wheel set, the vertical contact forces, the wheel profiles and the vertical stiffness of rail pad. The results of the parametric study are presented and discussed.     

横向拓宽斜交板梁桥荷载横向分布系数研究

采用有限元分别对正交及斜交板梁桥拓宽前后的各主梁荷载横向分布系数进行了计算,其结果表明正交板梁桥拓宽前后新旧主梁的横向分布系数均相差不大,而斜交时部分旧梁在拓宽后横向分布系数增大,拓宽后新梁的横向分布系数比旧梁大。因此斜交板梁桥拓宽设计应注意提高新梁的承载力,并对旧梁进行加固处理。     

横向载荷作用下小水线面双体船结构校核与优化

采用有限元仿真方法对一艘新型小水线面双体船进行强度校核,研究该船形在横向载荷作用下的结构强度和应力分布特性,进而给出结构优化设计方案,在确保结构安全的基础上达到严格控制重量的目的,形成的校核流程方法及优化设计方案可为同类船舶提供设计与校核指导。     

Influence of Light Distribution and Installation Style of Luminaires on Power Consumption and Lighting Effect of Tunnel Lighting北大核心CSCD

Light distribution (LD) and installation style of luminaires affect the utilization factor (UF) of luminaires, and the UF affects the luminaire power and road pavement illuminance and further the power consumption of illu- minating system and the luminous effect of road pavement. An UF model of tunnel lighting was established based on the luminaire LD data and installation parameters, in which four LD styles were adopted. For each LD the parame- ters optimization and simulation were conducted regarding four installation styles, e.g. central style, offset-of-vault style, symmetric style and staggered style. The energy-saving and the lighting effects of each LD and luminaire in- stallation style at the tunnel middle zone were studied. The results show that symmetric luminaire installation is the most energy-saving style and has the best lighting effect than the other three luminaire installation styles; the lighting effect of central luminaire installation is the second best; staggered luminaire installation is the most energy-intensive style and has the worst lighting effect except for some special-shaped LD; waterdrop-shaped LD is the most suitable one along transverse direction of tunnel and applicable to the central, offset-of-vault and symmetric luminaire instal- lation styles; symmetric butterfly-shaped LD is the most suitable one along longitudinal direction of tunnel and appli- cable to the central, offset-of-vault, staggered and symmetric luminaire installation styles; with waterdrop-shaped LD along transverse direction and symmetric butterfly-shaped LD along longitudinal direction, they are suitable for the above four luminaire installation styles, and have better energy-saving and lighting effect; as for the LD with symmetric and oblique curve, it’s better for the profile of oblique luminaire distribution to be comply with that along tunnel transverse direction, and it is suitable for the symmetric and offset-of-vault luminaire installation styles. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.