公交服务水平评价的Fuzzy Logic模型

本文在充分考虑评价对象的复杂性和评价指标的模糊性的基础上,提出了城市公交服务水平的多目标、多级综合评判方法的Fuzzy Logic模型。该模型通过熵权法确定指标权重,有效避免因个人主观因素对参数指标权重的影响,避免了传统评价方法的主观片面性。最后以某市公共交通为例,依据实际运营资料,提出评价指标体系,并利用已建立的模型进行了案例分析,分析模型的正确枉及评价方法的可行性,效果良好。     

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应用视频处理技术对行人交通进行研究和分析受到广泛的重视和发展,已成为智能交通领域的研究热点之一,而行人跟踪是行人交通采集系统的基础,是后续交通参数提取,行为分析的前提.本文提出一种基于Kalman滤波的行人跟踪方法.首先,利用改进的混合高斯模型提取背景,并采用HSV颜色空间模型和目标重构方法得到消除阴影后的前景图像.其次,进行行人的特征提取,得到融合行人位置特征和形状特征的运动模板.最后,采用Kalman滤波对行人的运动轨迹进行预测,将检测到的目标与预测结果匹配,得到行人的跟踪匹配矩阵,根据匹配矩阵判断合并和分离的发生.试验结果表明,该方法不仅可以准确跟踪多目标,而且可以有效解决遮挡问题,具有很好的适应性和鲁棒性.     

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交通拥挤费作为缓解城市交通拥堵的直接而有效的需求管理方法,已在国外部分城市实施. 本文对北京市旧城区实行交通拥挤收费的预期交通影响进行分析. 首先根据旧城区的区位特征,土地利用性质,以及目前交通运行状况,提出在旧城区实行交通拥挤收费的必要性. 然后借鉴国内外城市实行交通拥挤收费的经验,结合北京市实际的出行时间价值调查结论,提出旧城区交通拥挤收费的可行方案. 最后基于北京市宏观交通模型测试了施行拥挤费后的预期交通影响,并对施行拥挤费政策提出了相关建议.     

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交通影响费能补充城市交通的资金投入,调节土地开发与交通设施的供应关系. 从交通影响费的征收范围、费用标准、费用使用等方面,提出确定交通影响费的4项原则;探讨建设项目的交通投入、项目性质、所处区位特征和政策倾向等交通影响费的关键因素. 进一步,从项目类型界定、费用标准、社会认可度、与现行制度衔接等4个方面分析了征收TIF工作存在的主要难点及解决的思路,为现阶段在我国推行TIF政策提供参考依据.     

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目前,国外一些城市对交通影响评价工作的起评阈值进行了研究,即当建设项目规模或周边交通状况达到一定程度时需要开展交评工作,而国内城市开展交评工作相对较晚,对交评阈值相关研究和规定多停留在经验判断的阶段. 本文在总结国外城市交评起评阈值的基础上,根据北京市几年来交通影响评价工作经验,提出北京交评起评规模以公建类建筑面积2万平方米为基准,居住起评规模为公建2-3倍,远郊区为城八区对应建筑类型起评规模的2倍.     

Asymmetric PCR method in generation of HBV ssDNA for pyrosequencing

Objective To explore the optimal primer ratio and concentration of asymmetric polymerase chain reaction (A-PCR) in producing hepatitis B virus (HBV) single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) for pyrosequencing. Methods A-PCR was carried out to generate HBV ssDNA with forward to reverse primers of different ratios (50 : 1, 100 : 1) and concentrations (13. 0 pmol/25μL and 0.14 pmol/25μL, 19. 5 pmol/25μL and 0. 21 pmol/25μL), and the product yield and quality were compared respectively. Results The forward to reverse primer ratio of 50 : 1 provided better yield and concentration of 19. 5 pmol/25μL and 0. 21 pmol//25μL generated a clearer band. Conclusion A simple and feasible method to produce HBV ssDNA for pyrosequencing in batch is established.     

Interaction between fragile histamine triad and protein kinase C alpha in human non-small cell lung cancer tissues

Objective To investigate the interaction between fragile histamine triad (FHIT) and protein kinase C alpha (PKCα) in human non-small cell lung cancer tissues. Methods FHIT and PKC伪 double positive samples were screened by immunohistochemical staining from 13 human non-small cell lung cancer tissues. Co-immunoprecipitation was performed by using anti-FHIT and anti-PKCα. The immune precipitate was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Results Immune precipitate staining detection showed that 3 samples out of the 13 cases were double positive for FHIT and PKCα. FHIT protein was present in the immune precipitate of anti-PKCα while there was PKCα in the immune precipitate of anti-FHITmAb. Conclusion FHIT and PKCα exist as a complex in human non-small cell lung cancer tissues, which will provide a new route for studying the pathogenesis and immunotherapy of human non-small cell lung cancer.     

帕金森病大鼠脚桥核中胆碱能M_2受体的表达变化及意义

目的 通过免疫组织化学方法观察胆碱能M_2受体在帕金森病(Parkinson's disease, PD)模型大鼠脚桥核(pedunculopontine nucleus, PPN)中的表达变化,探讨胆碱能M_2受体在PD发病机制及病理生理改变中的作用.方法 选用健康雄性SD大鼠16只,随机分为2组.取脑组织固定后作连续冠状冰冻切片.以鼠源M_2单克隆抗体为一抗,采用免疫组化SP法,镜下控制显色.以阳性细胞计数及平均光密度为分析指标,对M_2受体在PD模型大鼠PPN中的表达变化进行观察分析.结果 对照组大鼠PPN部位及PD大鼠未损毁侧PPN部位均表达比较丰富的M_2受体阳性细胞.PD大鼠损毁侧PPN部位M_2受体阳性细胞明显稀疏.与对照组和PD大鼠未损毁侧相比有明显差异(P<0.05).3组间阳性部位的表达强度无明显差异(P>0.05).结论 PD状态下PPN内存在表达M_2受体的神经元变性死亡或受体脱失.而其余未发生变性死亡或受体脱失的M_2受体阳性神经元其表达强度并不受影响.同时发现,影响PPN内M_2受体阳性细胞变化的因素具有单侧性.     

Cloning and sequencing of a DNA fragment encoding N37 apoptotic peptide derived from p53

Objective It was reported that p53 apoptotic peptide (N37) could inhibit p73 gene through being bound with iASPP, which could induce tumor cell apoptosis. To further explore the function of N37, we constructed the cloning plasmid of DNA fragment encoding p53 (N37) apoptotic peptide by using DNA synthesis and molecular biology methods. Methods According to human p53 sequence from the GenBank database, the primer of p53(N37) gene was designed using Primer V7.0 software. The DNA fragment encoding p53 (N37) apoptotic peptide was amplified by using self-complementation polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and cloned into the pGEM-T Easy vector. The constructed plasmid was confirmed by endonuclease analysis and sequencing. Results The insertion of objective DNA fragment was confirmed by plasmid DNA enzyme spectrum analysis, p53 (N37) gene was successfully synthesized chemically in vitro. The sequencing result of positive clone was completely identical to the human p53(N37) sequence in GenBank using BLAST software (http://www. ncbi. him. nih. gov/cgi-bin /BLASTn). Conclusion The cloning of DNA fragment encoding p53(N37) apoptotic peptide was constructed by using DNA synthesis and pGEM-T Easy cloning methods. With the constructed plasmid, we could further investigate the function of N37 peptide.     

Union examination of AFP, AFU, AFPL3 and γ-GT in early diagnosis of primary liver cancer

Objective To explore the significance of union examination of blood serum liver cancer tracers in the early diagnosis of liver cancer. Methods We observed and compared the level of blood serum liver cancer tracers armor embryo protein (AFP), crag algae glycosidase (AFU), armor embryo protein heteroplasmon (AFPL3) andγ-Gu Anxian transferase (γ-GT) in early time for primary liver cancer patients and hepatitis liver cirrhosis patients and those chronic hepatitis B patients who had liver cancer family history. Results Finally among the 30 patients in the early liver cancer group, 23 were positive with AFP, 20 with AFU, 15 with AFPL3 and 21 with γ-GT. Five were found positive with blood serum AFP, AFPL3, AFU and γ-GT at the same time; 5 with AFP, AFPL3 and γ-GT; 5 with AFP, AFU and AFPL3; 7 with AFP, AFU andγ-GT. By contrast, in the control group, among the 30 hepatitis liver cirrhosis patients and those chronic hepatitis B patients with liver cancer family history, 11 were found positive with AFP, 3 with AFPL3, 12 with AFU and 14 with γ-GT. None of the patients were found positive with union examination of AFP, AFPL3, AFU and γ-GT in the blood serum at the same time. Conclusion The union examination of AFP, AFU, AFPL3 and γ-GT is significant to the early diagnosis of primary liver cancer.