The generators of paratransit trips by persons with disabilities

Identifying the generators of paratransit trips by persons with disabilities is important to comprehend the current demand patterns and forecast future demand. Only a handful of studies have been conducted so far to identify the generators of paratransit trips and most focused on the home end of the trips. Given some of the inconsistencies in past studies and the scarcity of studies on the generators of trips away from home, this study attempts to identify the generators of paratransit trips beginning and ending at clients’ homes and away from home. It uses an extremely large dataset consisting of 1.91 million trips made by NJ TRANSIT’s Access Link clients, socioeconomic data from the American Community Survey, employment data from the Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics, and establishment data from Dun and Bradstreet. The analytical methods include an ordinary least squares model (OLS) and several spatial generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) to identify the characteristics of census block groups associated with Access Link trip generation at home and away from home, Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis to identify the types of establishments located in the immediate vicinity of drop-offs, and a multinomial logit model (MNL) to examine the relationship between the characteristics of the establishments in the vicinity of drop-offs and the characteristics of the dropped-off clients. Together, the various analyses provide useful insights about paratransit trip generators at the macro and micro levels. Some implications of the findings are discussed.     

Power network parameter estimation method based on data mining technology

The parameter values which actually change with the circumstances, weather and load level etc.produce great effect to the result of state estimation. A new parameter estimation method based on data mining technology was proposed. The clustering method was used to classify the historical data in supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) database as several types. The data processing technology was impliedto treat the isolated point, missing data and yawp data in samples for classified groups. The measurement data which belong to each classification were introduced to the linear regression equation in order to gain the regression coefficient and actual parameters by the least square method. A practical system demonstrates the high correctness, reliability and strong practicability of the proposed method.     

Min-norm spatial spectrum based on acoustic vector-sensor linear array

1 Introduction1 The Min-Norm(MN) algorithm was proposed by Kumaresan and Tufts[1] for estimating the DOA of targets applied at pressure sensor arrays. It has been proved that lower bias and higher resolution of DOA estimation using the MN algorithm is obt…     

直线感应电动机直接推力控制及其仿真

介绍了一种与旋转电机模型类似的单边直线感应电动机动态模型,该模型考虑了边端效应对电机参数及性能的影响,这对于习惯使用经典旋转电动机模型的工程技术人员而言是极其方便的。基于该模型,推导出了直接推力控制的磁链观测单元,并在此基础上建立了直接推力控制直线感应电机传动系统的Matlab/Simulink仿真,进行了初步的应用分析。仿真结果与分析结论初步表明该系统在直线感应电动机控制中的可行性及鲁棒性。     

采用直线电机牵引的广州地铁车辆

概要介绍了国内首次采用直线电机牵引的广州轨道交通4、5号线地铁车辆的主要技术特点,列车的组成和主要技术参数,并对车体、转向架、牵引与制动系统、逆变器、直线电机、辅助系统以及列车控制与制动系统作了较为详细的说明。     

用于驱动地铁车辆的直线电机的能量损失分析

指出直线电机作为地铁列车的推进部件,存在运行效率不高、能量损耗大的问题;从经济运行的角度出发,说明研究直线电机的能量损失、提高其运行效率是很有意义的工作。对应用于驱动地铁车辆的直线电机的工作原理进行简要介绍,并对其运行过程当中的能量损失进行初步分析。     

跑道不停航施工组织的数学建模与求解

跑道不停航加铺工程要求在较短的施工周期内完成多项关键施工工序的实施,受到时间周期、资源利用、工序完整性等多方面的制约,因此,科学合理的施工组织方案对于确保工程质量意义重大。该文充分考虑了跑道不停航施工的各种制约因素,分析测算了各道工序的施工时间,基于最优化方法原理,通过施工组织网络图建立了不停航施工组织优化的数学模型。该模型能够灵活地根据所选决策变量定量求解出施工周期内的施工能力,根据时间和资源两方面的约束条件给出资源的合理配置,可为相似工程编制合理的施工组织方案提供参考。     

约束可松弛的网络绿波模型

为解决区域交通信号协调控制领域中常规网络绿波模型可行域窄或无解的问题,提出了约束可松弛的网络绿波模型。应用混合整数线性规划方法构建模型,以所有路段双向绿波带宽加权和最大为优化目标,利用约束松弛方法,将干线约束和网络外圈闭环约束转变为可松弛的不等式约束。模型针对每条路段引入了0~1二元变量,表示路段的绿波是否被打断。通过模型求解,获得网络中必要的松弛路段,并打断相应的路段绿波,去除外圈闭环约束,以扩大可行域并找到最优解。算例对不同控制方案下提出的模型和其他绿波模型的绿波优化结果进行比较分析。算例显示,当网络各个交叉口采用同一化控制方案时,易于在不打断任何路段绿波的条件下找到最优解。此时,所提出的模型的解和常规网络绿波模型的解等价。当网络各交叉口采取差异化控制方案时,常规网络绿波模型无可行解,Gartner网络绿波模型仅获得非最优的可行解,而所提出的模型能够获得全局最优解。算例中只有1条路段的绿波被打断,而网络的其他路段均获得有效绿波带,且任意相交的干线绿波能够合理协调。算例优化结果表明：所提出的模型优于常规网络绿波模型和Gartner网络绿波模型,更适合复杂的城市交通网络信号优化设计。     

线性绞车电控系统开发与应用

基于广州打捞局120 000 kN抬浮力打捞工程船配套4 500 kN线性绞车的技术要求,提出线性绞车电控系统设计方案。从线性绞车在打捞工程船中的作业工况、电控系统的通讯架构、线性绞车单台控制及远程联动的自动控制、人机界面操作等方面进行研究,介绍线性绞车电控系统的设计思路,为线性绞车在打捞沉船工作中的正确运用提供了理论支撑和技术保障。     

基于线性路径跟踪控制的换道避撞控制策略研究

为实现车辆自主避撞,改善道路交通安全状况,提出一种基于线性路径跟踪控制的换道避撞控制策略。为实时确定制动和换道时机,获取跟车状态下自车和前车车速、加速度、相对距离以及驾驶人制动反应时间计算制动安全距离和换道安全距离,并在此基础上分别引入制动危险系数B和换道危险系数S评估制动与换道风险,使得车辆发生追尾碰撞的危险程度和主动干预阈值更直观。根据车辆期望横向加速度和期望横向位移的变化特性,采用5次多项式法规划符合驾驶人换道避撞特性的避撞路径。为保证换道避撞过程中驾驶人的安全舒适,采用最大横向加速度约束换道避撞轨迹。为实现对换道避撞路径的线性跟踪控制,保证车辆的操纵稳定性和横摆稳定性,基于车辆稳态动力学模型建立前馈控制,结合线性反馈控制消除换道路径的位置和横摆角偏差,修正参考路径实现直车道场景追尾避撞控制。仿真和实车交叉验证试验表明：根据车辆期望横向加速度和期望横向位移建立的符合驾驶人换道避撞特性的五次多项式换道路径与驾驶人实际换道避撞路径基本吻合,结合碰撞时间和车间时距的制动避撞控制策略能够在保证车辆行驶安全舒适性的同时有效避免车辆追尾碰撞,减少交通事故的发生。