基于分数阶傅里叶变换的线性调频信号检测算法

针对复杂噪声背景下线性调频信号检测问题,利用分数阶Fourier变换具有解除时频耦合和信号在分数阶Fourier域呈现能量谱的高度聚集的特性,得出一种基于分数阶Fourier变换的信号检测算法,并将算法用于高斯白噪声和色噪声背景中信号检测。仿真结果表明,该算法对高斯、非高斯色噪声中的线性调频信号检测均有良好的检测性能。     

五体船兴波阻力线性理论计算与CFD数值模拟

五体船是继当代三体船之后提出的又一种多体新船型,该新船型付诸实用前必须对其兴波特性和侧体布局减阻设计进行研究。根据五体船各片体的科钦函数线性叠加和坐标变换原理,提出了基于片体科钦函数展开的分项算法和基于片体科钦函数叠加的整体算法求解多体船兴波阻力,得出了单体船、三体船、五体船通用的线性兴波阻力公式。应用CFD通用软件进一步分析五体船阻力及片体兴波干扰特性,提出了基于CFD模拟的自由面波形观测的五体船片体布局优化,对各种侧体布局下的五体船兴波特性直观地定性判定。根据综合兴波阻力线性理论计算和粘性流体动力CFD求解所得五体船阻力结果及其特性,提出具有工程实用意义的五体船优化构型方案。研究表明,势流线性理论计算和CFD求解五体船阻力的方法和所得五体船优化构型方案具有广阔的应用前景。     

A multiobjective chance constrained programming model for supplier selection under uncertainty

Risk management is an inherent part of supplier selection. While companies are enjoying the benefits of outsourcing, risks brought by this practice should be taken into account in the process of decision making. This paper presents a multiobjective stochastic sequential supplier allocation model to help in supplier selection under uncertainty. Demand for products, capacities at suppliers as well as transportation and other variable costs are the main sources of uncertainty and are modeled using probability distributions. Disruptions are exogenous events and the model provides proactive mitigation strategies against disruptions by assigning backup suppliers who can be used in case of a default at a primary supplier. When there is no disruption, the model’s solution is an optimal supplier order assignment, considering operational risks.     

A frequency-based maritime container assignment model

This paper transfers the classic frequency-based transit assignment method of Spiess and Florian to containers demonstrating its promise as the basis for a global maritime container assignment model. In this model, containers are carried by shipping lines operating strings (or port rotations) with given service frequencies. An origin–destination matrix of full containers is assigned to these strings to minimize sailing time plus container dwell time at the origin port and any intermediate transhipment ports. This necessitated two significant model extensions. The first involves the repositioning of empty containers so that a net outflow of full containers from any port is balanced by a net inflow of empty containers, and vice versa. As with full containers, empty containers are repositioned to minimize the sum of sailing and dwell time, with a facility to discount the dwell time of empty containers in recognition of the absence of inventory. The second involves the inclusion of an upper limit to the maximum number of container moves per unit time at any port. The dual variable for this constraint provides a shadow price, or surcharge, for loading or unloading a container at a congested port. Insight into the interpretation of the dual variables is given by proposition and proof. Model behaviour is illustrated by a simple numerical example. The paper concludes by considering the next steps toward realising a container assignment model that can, amongst other things, support the assessment of supply chain vulnerability to maritime disruptions.     

Modeling heterogeneous risk-taking behavior in route choice: A stochastic dominance approach

This paper proposes a unified approach to modeling heterogonous risk-taking behavior in route choice based on the theory of stochastic dominance (SD). Specifically, the first-, second-, and third-order stochastic dominance (FSD, SSD, TSD) are respectively linked to insatiability, risk-aversion and ruin-aversion within the framework of utility maximization. The paths that may be selected by travelers of different risk-taking preferences can be obtained from the corresponding SD-admissible paths, which can be generated using general dynamic programming. This paper also analyzes the relationship between the SD-based approach and other route choice models that consider risk-taking behavior. These route choice models employ a variety of reliability indexes, which often make the problem of finding optimal paths intractable. We show that the optimal paths with respect to these reliability indexes often belong to one of the three SD-admissible path sets. This finding offers not only an interpretation of risk-taking behavior consistent with the SD theory for these route choice models, but also a unified and computationally viable solution approach through SD-admissible path sets, which are usually small and can be generated without having to enumerate all paths. A generic label-correcting algorithm is proposed to generate FSD-, SSD-, and TSD-admissible paths, and numerical experiments are conducted to test the algorithm and to verify the analytical results.     

The price of uncertainty in pavement infrastructure management planning: An integer programming approach

Currently there is a true dichotomy in the pavement maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) literature. On the one hand, there are integer programming-based models that assume that parameters are deterministically known. On the other extreme, there are stochastic models, with the most popular class being based on the theory of Markov decision processes that are able to account for various sources of uncertainties observed in the real-world. In this paper, we present an integer programming-based alternative to account for these uncertainties. A critical feature of the proposed models is that they provide – a priori – probabilistic guarantees that the prescribed M&R decisions would result in pavement condition scores that are above their critical service levels, using minimal assumptions regarding the sources of uncertainty. By construction of the models, we can easily determine the additional budget requirements when additional sources of uncertainty are considered, starting from a fully deterministic model. We have coined this additional budget requirement the price of uncertainty to distinguish from previous related work where additional budget requirements were studied due to parameter uncertainties in stochastic models. A numerical case study presents valuable insights into the price of uncertainty and shows that it can be large.     

基于新型性能指标的冗余度机械臂重复运动规划之方案分析与验证

为解决冗余度机器人手臂在运动过程中出现的关节角偏差问题,探讨与分析了一种基于新型性能指标的二次型优化模型,以使机械臂的关节能实现重复运动.在考虑各种关节物理极限(如关节角度极限和关节速度极限)的情况下,该模型最终被转化为一个标准的二次型优化问题来求解.同时,基于负梯度法的原理分析和基于PUMA560的平面四连杆机械臂的计算机仿真结果表明,该方案具有可行性和有效性.     

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在集装箱多式联运系统中,内陆运输方式和路径的选择,对集装箱门到门运输过程的运输效果产生很大的影响.为更合理地组织多式联运,本文在充分考虑集装箱内陆运输路径因素的同时,研究集装箱多式联运在运输方式转换过程中节点作业随机特征对运输方式和路径选择的影响.以总成本最小为目标,建立带有时间约束的混合整数规划模型,通过图形变换,将问题转化为节点作业带有随机特征和运输时间约束的最短路模型.通过实例验证并对结果进行分析,求得的路径在成本和时间方面较合理,具有可操作性,可以成为多式联运路径选择的决策参考.     

混合语言编程在船舶水动力计算中的应用

针对VC++具有面向对象特征和开发图形界面方面的强大功能以及FORTRAN语言在数值计算方面的优势,着重介绍了VC++和FORTRAN二种语言混合编程需要的技术要点和实现方法.对混合编程规则中的调用约定、命名约定、数据的交换与传递、多维数组的传递、DLL的调用方式以及DLL的调试进行了详细的阐述,并通过两者的混合编程实现了对船舶水动力的计算.该计算精确而便捷,对船舶操纵预报、安全评估等方面的研究有很大的应用价值.     

谐波共振对电力系统的影响及其解决办法浅析

介绍一般电力系统中谐波污染的种类及其影响,提出了用频率扫描法来解决谐波污染的新方法,最后给出了示例.通过仿真结果证明,这是一种有效解决谐波污染的好方法.