A new composite decision support framework for strategic and sustainable transport appraisals

This paper concerns the development of a new decision support framework for the appraisal of transport infrastructure projects. In such appraisals there will often be a need for including both conventional transport impacts as well as criteria of a more strategic and/or sustainable character. The proposed framework is based on the use of cost-benefit analysis featuring feasibility risk assessment in combination with multi-criteria decision analysis and is supported by the concept of decision conferencing. The framework is applied for a transport related case study dealing with the complex decision problem of determining the most attractive alternative for a new fixed link between Denmark and Sweden – the so-called HH-connection. Applying the framework to the case study made it possible to address the decision problem from an economic, a strategic, and a sustainable point of view simultaneously. The outcome of the case study demonstrates the decision making framework as a valuable decision support system (DSS), and it is concluded that appraisals of transport projects can be effectively supported by the use of the DSS. Finally, perspectives of the future modelling work are given.     

An integrated methodology for the design of mooring systems and risers

Traditionally, the design of mooring lines and risers of floating production systems (FPS) has been performed separately, by different teams, employing uncoupled analysis tools that do not consider the nonlinear interaction between the platform hull and the mooring lines and risers. Design processes have been focused on fulfilling the design criteria of the respective component (mooring/riser) alone, with few or no consideration to the other component, and little interaction between the design teams. Nowadays the importance of employing analysis tools based on coupled formulations is widely recognized, and analysis strategies have been proposed to consider feedback between mooring lines and risers within their respective design processes.In this context, this work details a proposal of one single and fully integrated design methodology for mooring systems and risers for deep-water FPS. In this methodology, the design stages of both risers and mooring lines are incorporated in a single spiral, allowing the full interaction of different teams; mooring design implicitly considers the riser integrity, and vice-versa, leading to gains in efficiency and cost reduction.Different analysis strategies are employed, taking advantage of uncoupled and coupled numerical models. The models generated at the initial/intermediate design stages can be reused in subsequent stages: simpler models are used in the initial stages, and more refined models are gradually introduced, to reach an ideal balance between computational cost and accuracy of results. In the advanced stages, the exchange of information between mooring/riser also allows the definition of criteria for the selection of governing/critical loading cases to be revised and verified in detail. This leads to the reduction of the original loading case matrix, allowing a feasible use of time-consuming fully coupled analysis.Results of a case study illustrating the application of some of the main processes of the methodology are included.     

综合交通信息平台 建设运营机制研究

在分析国内外已建交通信息系统和信息平台建设、运营和服务情况的基础上,研究了信息的平台性质与功能定位、建设运营模式和保障机制。提出了3种适合我国现状的信息平台建设运营模式:政府行为型;政府建设、企业运营型;政府引导、企业运作型。研究了各类模式的特点和适用性。     

Multi-objective optimization of quarter-car models with a passive or semi-active suspension system

A systematic methodology is applied in an effort to select optimum values for the suspension damping and stiffness parameters of two degrees of freedom quarter-car models, subjected to road excitation. First, models involving passive suspension dampers with constant or dual rate characteristics are considered. In addition, models with semi-active suspensions are also examined. Moreover, special emphasis is put in modeling possible temporary separations of the wheel from the ground. For all these models, appropriate methodologies are employed for capturing the motions of the vehicle resulting from passing with a constant horizontal speed over roads involving an isolated or a distributed geometric irregularity. The optimization process is based on three suitable performance criteria, related to ride comfort, suspension travel and road holding of the vehicle and yielding the most important suspension stiffness and damping parameters. As these criteria are conflicting, a suitable multi-objective optimization methodology is set up and applied. As a result, a series of diagrams with typical numerical results are presented and compared in both the corresponding objective spaces (in the form of classical Pareto fronts) and parameter spaces.     

设置纵隔板钢桥面双层铺装拉应力逼近式研究

以现行《公路工程技术标准》（JTGB01-2003）为依据，结合钢桥面铺装的几何特征、力学特性，建立设置纵隔板的钢桥面双层铺装拉应力三维有限元计算模型。在结构设计参数常用取值范围内，对设置纵隔板钢桥面双层铺装的拉应力关键影响因素进行正交敏感性分析：通过逐步线性回归方法拟和出钢桥面双层铺装拉应力的近似计算公式，使得铺装层车载响应隐含式显示化：同时，通过有限元计算和回归拟舍分析，对标准单轴双轮轴载作用下拉应力的计算公式进行修正，得单轴双轮组各级轴载作用下钢桥面双层铺装拉应力的计算通式，其精度很好，能满足工程设计和理论研究的需要。研究结果可为钢桥面双层铺装结构设计提供近似计算的新方法，     

不对称边跨预应力混凝土连续梁桥施工监控

该文介绍了312国道常州段新武宜运河大桥不对称边跨预应力混凝土连续箱梁施工监控的关键技术,论述了施工监控的目的与意义,阐明了线形控制及应力监测的要求、技术措施等。     

国际平整度指数二元曲面函数描述模型的研究

通过建立国际平整度指数(IR I)的数字地面模型来描述基于道路面状的IRI指标概念。在分析研究几类数字地面模型的曲面函数内插方法的基础上,给出了IRI的二元双一次曲面乘积型逼近模型。最后给出了定义和描述同一段道路路面不同时段IRI变化量的乘积型重积分求积公式、IRI均值和标准差、IRI值的变化差均值及IRI值变化差的标准差、IRI值单位时间变化速率等数值解法。     

用于车道识别的分段切换车道模型

为了使得车道模型既能准确地描述车道形状,又不影响车道识别算法的实时性,提出了一种分段切换车道模型。对近视场区域使用直线模型匹配车道线,对远视场区域则在直线模型和二次曲线模型之间进行切换,以适应有曲率和无曲率道路的识别要求。试验表明,使用分段切换车道模型的车道识别算法能够很好地匹配各种形状道路,并能满足实时性要求。     

动态分段技术在路面管理系统中的应用

动态分段技术是一项新的线性特征的存储、显示和分析技术,已经开始应用于路面管理系统。该文介绍了动态分段技术中的基本概念及其基本原理,分析了路面管理系统中动态分段的数据结构并结合实例介绍了其在该系统中的应用。     

数字电子调速器的设计与应用

数字电子调速器是实现直列柱塞泵柴油机电子控制的有效方案.介绍了利用线性比例电磁铁作为执行器,以Mortorola的MC9S12DP256 MCU为主控芯片,在CodeWarrier集成开发环境下开发了相应的控制程序,实现了柴油机的数字调速,并应用于LR6105Q柴油机.测试结果表明,发动机稳态调速率小于2.5%,符合各类常规设备动力的调速要求;发动机的两级调速转矩特性符合车辆的动力特性要求.