深圳地铁单程票流失算法研究

根据深圳地铁单程票流通特点,将运营中的单程票流失划分成两大类,并依据其在流通中的业务类型,通过卡信息记录集来确定流失种类。应用数据库知识和数据挖掘技术,提出这两类单程票流失的算法。     

小半径缓和曲线上预制空心板梁的平面布置计算

以国道G209通道至吉利段改造工程中的双江河大桥设计实例,研究位于小半径缓和曲线上预制空心板梁的外悬臂折线逐步逼近缓和曲线线形,与桥上路线线形一致。具体方法是:采用直角坐标系计算预制空心板斜长、首尾夹角和起终点坐标,根据计算结果与路线线形之差,多次调整空心板梁的梁板宽度和悬臂长度,使外悬臂折线满足路线的缓和曲线线形。研究结果表明,桥上护栏之间的桥面净宽尺寸变化符合设计路线线形要求。     

克隆选择算法在基坑支护位移反分析中的应用

在基坑工程中,传统的位移反分析方法计算量较大,不易掌握,且求得的岩土体力学性能参数的精度较低。为此,提出应用克隆选择算法求解位移反分析问题的新方法,其核心是采用BP网络为正演工具代替有限元方法,描述土体力学性能参数和位移的非线性映射,可减少计算量,并利用克隆选择算法为反演工具,通过反演分析确定土体力学性能参数,具有较高的精度。依据该反分析方法获得的岩土体力学性能参数又可以估算下一工况的基坑位移。仿真试验结果表明了新方法的可行性和有效性。     

双电机耦合驱动电动汽车驱动模式划分与优化

为充分发挥一款双电机耦合驱动系统电动汽车(DMCP-EV)多驱动模式的节能优势,制定了基于系统效率最优的驱动模式控制策略。根据该双电机耦合驱动系统的结构特点,定义了电机4种驱动模式并分别建立其动力学驱动模型和系统效率模型。在满足动力性要求的前提下,分析并划分了各驱动模式的工作范围,以系统效率为优化目标,采用粒子群优化算法进行优化,获得最佳的驱动模式切换控制和转矩分配策略。开展了Matlab/Simulink仿真和硬件在环试验验证。结果表明,经系统效率优化的驱动模式在满足动力性要求的前提下,有效提高了双电机耦合驱动系统的经济性,能耗降低11%。     

大跨悬索桥MTMD抖振控制的参数优化

针对悬索桥抖振控制问题,建立有限元模型,应用神经网络和遗传算法对多重调频质量阻尼器(MTMD)进行双参数优化。以某大跨悬索桥为例,利用神经网络改进的谐波合成模拟方法(RBF-WAWS法)对脉动风速进行模拟,并换算成抖振力作用主梁上,通过时程分析及后处理获取主跨跨中横桥向响应值。将响应值的均方差作为优化目标函数,以MTMD总质量、个数及阻尼比作为优化变量和约束条件,采用神经网络拟合目标函数并应用改进的自适应遗传算法进行寻优。结果表明,优化后的MTMD能有效控制悬索桥在脉动风作用下的抖振响应,减振率达48%。提出的理论与计算方法对悬索桥中MTMD的设置及参数选取具有实际工程意义。     

多工序加工单元的移动机器人调度优化

为合理分配动力电池生产线容量确定单元中移动机器人的任务,优化机器人调度路径,提高调度效率,在考虑设备加工工时、物理位置等约束下,以最小化调度任务时间为目标,建立多工序加工单元单轨约束下多移动机器人调度模型,设计遗传算法并采用MATLAB进行求解,给出不同机器人分配方案下的目标函数值和收敛情况。结果表明,采用所提出的调度方法对单轨多机器人服务范围进行规划能够减少调度时间、提高调度效率。     

钢箱梁U肋嵌补段疲劳开裂机理与养护措施研究

某大型悬索桥为主跨1650 m的两跨连续钢箱梁悬索桥,加劲梁采用扁平流线型分离式双箱。近2年在正交异性板钢箱梁顶板U肋嵌补段发现焊缝开裂状况,为研究及处治该病害,采用大型有限元程序ANAYS进行局部仿真计算,分析焊缝开裂后的应力分布规律、影响范围。结果表明:重车轮压的疲劳荷载、施工焊接质量等是嵌补段焊缝开裂的主要原因;钢箱梁顶板U肋嵌补段焊缝开裂会对邻近结构抗力产生影响,U肋嵌补段开裂使相邻U肋嵌补段焊缝应力增加11.8%,使U肋与顶板之间焊缝主拉应力增加57%,使邻近位置的横隔板弧形缺口主拉应力增加6%。根据分析结果建议尽早处治焊缝开裂问题,短期养护措施推荐在低应力区打止裂孔和设置临时支撑架,长期养护措施建议刨去已开裂焊缝后补焊、嵌补段整体切割后补焊和改用高强度螺栓连接方式。     

Effects of passenger characteristics and terminal layout on airport retail revenue: an agent-based simulation approach

This paper examines the effect of passenger characteristics and terminal layout on airport retail revenue using an agent-based simulation approach. Simulation results show that passenger mix (that is, the mix of shopper types according to a typology of airport shoppers) has a profound effect on airport retail revenue; the larger the number of ‘shopping lovers’ there are among passengers, the higher the airport retail revenue. Results also reveal that group travel can lead to negative effects on retail in certain terminal layouts, and that the amount of free dwell time that a passenger has can affect spending due to less retail engagement. This paper shows a combined effect of passenger characteristics and terminal layout on airport retail revenue, and discusses the implications of these results for future airport terminal design that aims to maximise retail potential.     

Electric vehicle charging station locations: Elastic demand,station congestion,and network equilibrium

Battery-only electric vehicles (BEVs) generally offer better air quality through lowered emissions, along with energy savings and security. The issue of long-duration battery charging makes charging-station placement and design key for BEV adoption rates. This work uses genetic algorithms to identify profit-maximizing station placement and design details, with applications that reflect the costs of installing, operating, and maintaining service equipment, including land acquisition. Fast electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) are placed across a congested city's network subject to stochastic demand for charging under a user-equilibrium traffic assignment. BEV users’ station choices consider endogenously determined travel times and on-site charging queues. The model allows for congested-travel and congested-station feedback into travelers’ route choices under elastic demand and BEV owners’ station choices, as well as charging price elasticity for BEV charging users.Boston-network results suggest that EVCSs should locate mostly along major highways, which may be a common finding for other metro settings. If 10% of current EV owners seek to charge en route, a user fee of $6 for a 30-min charging session is not enough for station profitability under a 5-year time horizon in this region. However, $10 per BEV charging delivers a 5-year profit of $0.82 million, and 11 cords across 3 stations are enough to accommodate a near-term charging demand in this Boston-area application. Shorter charging sessions, higher fees, and/or allowing for more cords per site also increase profits generally, everything else constant. Power-grid and station upgrades should keep pace with demand, to maximize profits over time, and avoid on-site congestion.     

隧道爆破荷载作用下中隔壁动力响应与破坏机理研究

中隔壁结构作为隧道初期支护体系中重要的承载构件,在隧道爆破荷载作用下极易发生损伤开裂和破坏。首先依托双向八车道的港沟高速公路隧道工程,进行爆破荷载作用下中隔壁的动力损伤破坏试验,提出中隔壁支护结构的破坏形态及类型;然后利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立隧道爆破与中隔壁支护结构数值模型,采用流固耦合的方法模拟岩体爆破及中隔壁支护结构的动力响应,并考虑单段装药量、爆距等不同因素,研究其对中隔壁破坏模式及形态的影响。研究结果表明：隧道爆破荷载作用下中隔壁破坏形式分为背爆侧混凝土开裂剥落、中心区域混凝土震塌成洞、钢筋网及纵向连接钢筋震坏断裂、钢拱架发生扭曲变形4种类型;中隔壁支护结构在爆破应力波的作用下处于反复拉压状态,并在岩石破碎抛掷冲击的作用下发生破坏,且中隔壁支护结构中心、顶部和底部是结构最易发生损伤的部位;单段装药量和爆距的改变会对中隔壁支护结构的破坏范围和破坏程度产生影响,且结构呈现出不同的破坏形态,与现场试验结果一致;建议隧道爆破施工时爆距控制在40 cm以上,单段药量控制在7.2 kg以下,以减少对中隔壁支护结构的破坏。