钢箱梁U肋嵌补段疲劳开裂机理与养护措施研究

某大型悬索桥为主跨1650 m的两跨连续钢箱梁悬索桥,加劲梁采用扁平流线型分离式双箱。近2年在正交异性板钢箱梁顶板U肋嵌补段发现焊缝开裂状况,为研究及处治该病害,采用大型有限元程序ANAYS进行局部仿真计算,分析焊缝开裂后的应力分布规律、影响范围。结果表明:重车轮压的疲劳荷载、施工焊接质量等是嵌补段焊缝开裂的主要原因;钢箱梁顶板U肋嵌补段焊缝开裂会对邻近结构抗力产生影响,U肋嵌补段开裂使相邻U肋嵌补段焊缝应力增加11.8%,使U肋与顶板之间焊缝主拉应力增加57%,使邻近位置的横隔板弧形缺口主拉应力增加6%。根据分析结果建议尽早处治焊缝开裂问题,短期养护措施推荐在低应力区打止裂孔和设置临时支撑架,长期养护措施建议刨去已开裂焊缝后补焊、嵌补段整体切割后补焊和改用高强度螺栓连接方式。     

形成性评价在大学英语实践中反映的问题

形成性评价是学习测量和评价的重要组成部分.通过对其在本校大学英语教学与测试中的效果进行抽样调查研究,分析其在实践当中出现的问题,提出改进办法,以便更好的发挥其在大学英语教学与测试中的反馈和指导作用.     

基于S注入法的自闭贯通线路故障定位系统

将S注入法和无线传输节点相结合，利用传感器网络的自组网功能以及高容错性构建了无线节点通信网络．提出了采用传感器网络技术的铁路自闭贯通线故障定位系统．该系统由信号注入装置、无线节点、开关站无线处理单元和智能故障信息处理系统构成．通过无线节点检测注入信号．智能故障信息处理系统接收无线节点传来的检测结果，并判断故障位置．注入信号的电源为恒流源，频率范围为220～320Hz．设计了并列方式和交错方式两种检测节点的布置方案．这两种方式均能满足信息传输可靠性的要求，但并列方式的系统可靠性比交错方式提高了2倍．该系统定位精度可根据需要调整．     

古石背隧道岩溶段的综合治理

溶洞洞穴的存在易造成隧道围岩塌陷压垮二衬或悬空造成开裂等病害,给隧道施工、运营安全造成威胁。针对古石背隧道施工在隧道拱顶、侧面、拱脚、仰拱底部等位置出现岩溶洞穴的情况,根据溶洞对隧道不同影响和施工条件,采用了清除充填物、回填片石夯实或砼、注浆加固填充物、钢筋砼护拱、钢筋砼板跨越、封闭地表塌陷、疏排地表水等综合治理措施,施工结果表明治理是成功的。     

基于角度变化率的机动目标单站无源定位

机动目标无源定位和跟踪技术在航空、制导等领域都有着非常广泛的应用,一直是人们的研究热点。文章运用了运动学原理,在传统测角定位技术基础上加以改进,增加了角度变化率信息,并采用IMM算法,实现了单站无源机动目标跟踪。计算机仿真验证了该方法的正确性与有效性。     

Workspace analysis to generate a collision-free torch path for a ship welding robot

We propose a method to determine the optimal initial location and to generate torch paths for a ship welding robot with 6 degrees of freedom (DOF). The optimal initial location is determined using an objective function, which is set up by combining constraints on the torch posture, manipulability, and the range of each joint angle to avoid collisions. A genetic algorithm (GA) is used to optimize the objective function because it does not require additional derivatives. After the initial location is determined, torch paths are generated by interpolating the starting point, endpoints and torch postures using inverse kinematics. Our method can be applied to automate the welding job for each block during ship building, irrespective of the shape of the robots, by changing the objective function.     

海上CDM施工中的几个技术问题

根据我国及日本海上CDM施工实例以及有关资料,论述了海上CDM工法有关拌和用水和水灰比、室内配合比试验与设计强度、地基的隆起及预估、隆起土的有效利用、穿透硬夹层和硬质地基着底施工、搭接与冷缝的处理等技术问题。对海底深层水泥搅拌加固地基工程的设计和施工具有参考价值。     

Locating rental stations and bikeways in a public bike system

To determine the spatial distribution of rental stations and bikeways in a public bike system, this paper proposes a facility location and network design model. The model is developed as a multi-objective programing problem that considers four objectives (minimizing cyclist risk, maximizing cyclist comfort, minimizing adverse impacts on traffic and maximizing service coverage) and multiple constraints (monetary budget, network connectivity, station spacing, bikeway types, station number and value ranges of decision variables). The ε-constraint method solves the programing problem for the public bike system in Daan District, Taipei City, Taiwan. The nine non-dominated alternatives generated are all markedly better than existing locations of rental stations and bikeways. Scenario analysis results indicate that increasing the construction budget for bikeways significantly improves cyclist safety and comfort whilst increasing the adverse impact on traffic. Planners can use this model to develop public bike systems that spatially integrate rental stations and bikeway networks.     

A two-phase model for dry port location with an application to the port of Dalian in China

This paper provides guidance for an optimal and reasonable dry port layout for the port of Dalian in China. We present a two-phase framework on the location of dry ports, which solves the selection of candidate inland cities and optimal dry port location choice, respectively. Fuzzy C-Means Clustering is applied to select alternative cities in the vast hinterland of the seaport of Dalian, with a view to identify evaluation factors that affect the location selection decision. A cost-minimisation linear programming solution is proposed, with the aid of a genetic algorithm, to choose the optimal location as well as capacity level among the candidate inland cities.     

第四代港口概念及特点*

在梳理和总结国内外关于第四代港口的理论和实践研究的基础上,以港口区位和港口功能规划为出发点,对第四代港口的概念和特点进行了界定。认为第四代港口在物理上打破了区位限制,是一个以港口、临港工业区和临港新城为载体的集港口、产业和城市功能为一体的网络港口群;在功能方面,第四代港口提供围绕资源和生产要素的一体化的生产、物流、信息、商贸、金融等服务。对第四代港口概念和特点的深入研究有助于全面认识和理解未来港口的发展方向,对我国港口建设具有重要的现实意义。