Framing the Nexus of Globalisation,Logistics and Manufacturing in Europe

Abstract

Under the ongoing influence of globalisation, supply chains have changed significantly. New logistics and manufacturing systems have emerged, causing longer transport distances and increasing transport emissions. The existing research into the sustainability impacts of freight transport has largely viewed it as being a macro-level economic and political phenomenon and has ignored the interdependencies amongst micro-level economic actors, including firms and businesses in the private sector. In this paper, we presume that the lack of conceptualisation of freight transport in relation to wider institutional contexts and firm behaviour results in the lack of a holistic approach to understanding freight governance in the face of globalisation. We argue for the use of institutional economic geography lenses to elucidate the distribution networks of emerging logistics and manufacturing practices and its implications for freight transport. We illustrate our argument through a broad look at the European logistics and manufacturing practices and global production.     

����԰����������ϵͳ��������о�

物流园区作为物流系统的重要节点设施,为了实现降低成本、资源互补、利益共享、风险共担,从而更好地满足第三方物流市场多元化、复杂化需求的目的,开始从单纯的竞争走向合作.物流园区结成合作共生系统后,面临的一个重要问题就是如何公平合理地分配合作利润.本文首先对影响利润分配的要素进行分析.然后,建立了基于满意度的不对称Nash利益分配协商模型,并通过引入合作成功概率的Shapley值法,确定该模型中的重要参数,并最终建立物流园区合作共生系统利润分配模型.最后,将该模型运用于具体算例,并对结果进行分析.计算结果表明,物流园区合作共生系统利润分配模型,可以有效地解决物流园区合作的利润分配问题.     

The economic impact of logistics infrastructure: the case of PLAZA – the Zaragoza Logistics Platform

Abstract

The economics literature offers many examples of studies of the economic impact of transportation infrastructure such as highways, ports, and airports; however, little attention has been paid to other types of infrastructure such as logistics platforms. This article is a first assessment of the economic effects of the largest logistics platform in Europe – PLAZA, the Zaragoza Logistics Platform – located in Spain. More precisely, this paper analyzes the economic significance of PLAZA on the economy of the Aragon region where it is located. The methodology is based on the application of input–output analysis to the final demand of logistics platform-based companies in a manner that is similar to well-established studies of the economic impacts of tourism on tourist expenditure. This makes it possible to quantify the various levels of economic effects (direct, indirect, and induced) in terms of jobs, salaries, and wages, turnover, gross operating surplus (GOS), and gross value added (GVA). The conclusions reveal the economic importance PLAZA has for the regional economy of Aragon, representing just over 2% of total GVA and 3% of turnover.     

Identifying Governance Relationships Between Intermodal Terminals and Logistics Platforms

Abstract

Governance theory examines different ways of managing resources and relationships in order to achieve a desired outcome. This paper applies governance theory to intermodal terminals and logistics platforms, extending previous work on ownership to include different operational models. An inductive methodology is used to derive a typology of governance relationships from an analysis of the transport and logistics literature. The classification developed in this paper explores different kinds of integration that can help support growth of intermodal transport services. The understanding of transport governance is extended via three key relationships: first, between the logistics platform and the site tenants (therefore, encouraging consolidation and efficiencies that can boost rail services at the site); second, between the terminal operator and rail service provision (which can aid service planning and train loading factors); and third, between the inland site (either terminal, logistics platform or both) and port(s), (thus enabling better planning and efficiency of port rail shuttles).     

广西高速公路物流现状及发展趋势初探

我国经济的迅速发展以及国家对高速公路建设力度的加大,给高速公路物流的发展带来很大契机。文章基于广西高速公路物流发展现状,分析发展高速公路物流的紧迫性及重要意义,并以广西高速物流股份有限公司为例,提出了发展广西高速公路物流系统的建议。     

总装仪表板线物流自动化规划与实施

通过对总装仪表板线物流自动化的规划,以及实施过程中调试遇到的问题解决,介绍整个仪表线物流自动化的实施过程,为考虑实施仪表板线物流自动化项目的汽车总装生产提供借鉴。     

宁明膨胀土三向胀缩规律室内试验研究

强胀缩性是膨胀性岩土的本质特性之一,开展膨胀土三向胀缩试验研究对于全面描述膨胀土湿胀干缩变形规律,合理分析边坡滑坍机理十分重要.利用自主研制的膨胀土三向胀缩测试仪,以宁明灰白色击实膨胀土为研究对象,通过开展三向胀缩系列试验,获得了膨胀土三向胀缩的基本规律.试验表明:干密度和三向应力状态是影响三向膨胀性的重要因素.随干密度的增大,膨胀土三向膨胀的差异性减小,膨胀势增大;应力越大,该方向的膨胀性越小,同时,一个方向应力的增减还将影响到其他方向,而宁明膨胀土三向收缩性差异不大,且与三向应力状态无关.     

高水位环境下沉管隧道模袋砂围堰破坏模式研究

为研究高水位环境下沉管隧道模袋砂围堰的破坏形态与破坏机制,依托广州市洲头咀沉管隧道,通过室内试验和理论分析,探讨高水位环境下沉管隧道高坡率模袋砂围堰失稳破坏形态,提出相应的破坏控制指标与评价方法,并通过数值计算验证。研究结果表明： 1) 硬质地基中,模袋砂围堰在竖向荷载作用下会出现边角处应力集中张拉破坏与砂袋界面处应变局部化破坏,水平荷载作用下表现为内部或整体滑动; 2) 软弱地基中,由于地基承载力不足,会引起围堰局部脱离或底层模袋张拉破坏; 3) 实际工程中,模袋砂围堰中的模袋难以被贯穿撕裂,无法形成围堰内部整体弧形滑动; 4) 模袋砂围堰存在明显的包裹增强效应,能有效提高整体稳定性,高水位环境中模袋砂围堰设计坡率显著大于常规土石坝围堰设计坡率。     

GNSS在集装箱物流运输中的应用分析

集装箱是全球物流运输的核心装备,其智能化和信息化是影响现代物流的一个关键因素。运用GNSS技术对集装箱进行即时定位、监控、报警等．可实现集装箱物流运输过程中动态信息的全程实时管理及运输过程可视化。     

粗粒土的室内试验研究

粗粒土具有良好的工程使用性能,广泛应用于当前的工程建设中。通过粗粒土室内试验研究,分析含水量的变化、击实功的变化及粗粒百分含量的变化等对粗粒土最大干密度的影响,进一步认识了粗粒土的工程特性,更好地服务于土木工程建设。