物联网在公路运输业的应用探讨

对物联网在公路运输业中的应用进行探讨,通过射频识别、红外感应器等将车辆与物品的信息记录下来,并随着车辆运输行进过程辅以GPS与G IS技术,对车辆位置与物品位置进行有效跟踪,为查询车辆交通信息与物品运输实时信息提供帮助,从而提高公路运输服务能力和水平,降低物流成本。     

Competition and disruption in a dynamic urban supply chain

Rapid changes and complexities in business environments have stressed the importance of interactions between partners and competitors, leading supply chains to become the most important element of contemporary business environments. There is a concomitant need for foresight in describing supply chain performance in all operating environments, including those involving punctuated disruptions. Furthermore, the urban metropolis is now widely recognized to be an environment which is especially vulnerable to supply chain disruptions and for which integrated supply chain decisions can produce very substantial net benefits. Accordingly, this paper presents a dynamic supply chain network model formulated as a differential variational inequality; the model is fashioned to allow consideration of supply chain disruption threats to producers, freight carriers, and retail enterprises. The DVI is solved using a fixed-point algorithm, and a simple numerical example, introduced to illustrate how the impacts of supply chain disruptions may be quantified, is presented.     

A generic class of first order node models for dynamic macroscopic simulation of traffic flows

Node models for macroscopic simulation have attracted relatively little attention in the literature. Nevertheless, in dynamic network loading (DNL) models for congested road networks, node models are as important as the extensively studied link models. This paper provides an overview of macroscopic node models found in the literature, explaining both their contributions and shortcomings. A formulation defining a generic class of first order macroscopic node models is presented, satisfying a list of requirements necessary to produce node models with realistic, consistent results. Defining a specific node model instance of this class requires the specification of a supply constraint interaction rule and (optionally) node supply constraints. Following this theoretical discussion, specific macroscopic node model instances for unsignalized and signalized intersections are proposed. These models apply an oriented capacity proportional distribution of the available supply over the incoming links of a node. A computationally efficient algorithm to solve the node models exactly is included.     

介入移动汇聚节点的无线传感器网络高效数据收集方法

引入移动汇聚节点解决无线传感器网络高效数据收集问题.网络中固定汇聚节点与移动汇聚节点共存,全部传感器节点都拥有维护到固定汇聚节点的路由,移动汇聚节点进入网络后定期向其附近小范围内的传感器节点扩散自己的声明信息,传感器节点向距自己跳数最小的汇聚节点发送或转发数据包.移动汇聚节点和距离其一跳的传感器节点之间通过有效的应答机制来保证数据的可靠传输.通过仿真结果显示引入移动汇聚节点的数据收集在节省能耗方面明显优于传统网络.在延长网络生存时间的同时,可以获得较高的数据传输成功率和较短的数据传输延迟.     

基于AHP-PCA的城市群公路网节点重要度分析

阐述公路网节点重要度的概念,提出运用层次分析法与主成分分析法的联合评价方法来确定节点重要度的新思路。并对长株潭"3+5"城市群的8个城市节点进行实证研究,综合分析结果,确定各节点在城市群公路网规划中的重要度。     

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城市群是区域城市大系统中具有较强活力的子系统,区域优势显著,在空间联系上具有网络性特点. 客观准确地评价各节点的重要度,是城市群区域公路网布局规划中的一个重要环节. 针对城市群的特点,在公路网节点重要度评估中增加了城市流强度评价指标,节点重要度计算中采用了因子分析法进行客观赋权以避免各指标主观赋权的随意性,为进一步更好区分各节点的重要度等级,采用K-Means聚类方法客观划分了城市节点重要度的类别. 最后以中原城市群为例进行了节点重要度的实例计算,结果表明本文方法具有较好的应用价值.     

上海港集装箱货运量预测及拼箱作业节点建议

首先,分析了上海港港口集疏运现状,并采用灰色预测模型对上海港口未来年集装箱货运量进行预测;其次,结合上海港历年的进出口集装箱比例及上海港总体规划,预测未来年进出口集装箱量比例及未来年外高桥港区和洋山港的集装箱分担比;再次,针对未来年产生的集装箱货运需求,着重分析未来年集装箱货运对上海疏港道路(主要为北部过江隧道、东海大桥)的交通影响;最后,借鉴日本成田机场原木物流园区的货运组织方式,提出在沪宁和沪杭方向分别设置一个货运集散点,作为集装箱拆拼箱作业区的建议。     

基于系统动力学的融资物流业务风险分析

融资难一直是困扰中小企业发展的重要因素。物流融资业务的出现较好地解决了这个难题。同时物流金融业务的开展也为金融业和物流业的发展带来了机遇。但是在风险控制方面,目前还缺少一些规范化、标准化的标准和认识。本文运用系统动力学原理的因果关系反馈原理,对物流融资业务各个要素进行了分析,找出其中的因果关系,提出了规避物流融资业务风险的主要措施及注意事项,对业务主体方规避风险具有一定的参考价值。     

货代岗位专业证书与货代物流专业课程对接的研究

为进一步深化教学改革,提高教学质量,更好地服务于现代航运企业的发展,培养出高素质的人才,高职货代物流专业应当推进、建立和完善"双证书"制度,实现学历证书与职业资格证书对接。本文就货代岗位专业证书考试融入货代物流专业相关课程教学过程中进行探讨。     

基于职业能力导向的国际物流课程改革初探

文中根据国际物流课程实践性和应用性较强的特点,并结合"以职业能力为本位,以工作过程为主线,以工作项目为载体,教学过程以任务驱动,工学结合教学做与一体"的教学理念,对传统课程体系进行改革,提出了职业能力导向下的国际物流课程教学方法,为现代物流人才的培养提供有力支持.