同步荧光谱法鉴别海上溢油研究

采用同步荧光光谱法对16种油品进行鉴别。实验结果显示,对于不同种类的油品,由于组分特征差异明显,其谱图轮廓,峰-谷位置都有较大的差别,使用同步荧光光谱法很容易就可以区分开。对于同一类型的油品,同步荧光光谱法也能根据油品的特征信息实现鉴别的目的,对于原油,由于其谱图相对复杂,而且有几种原油的谱图接近重合,鉴别起来难度较大,需要借助其他先进的技术手段辅助完成。     

船用锅炉仿真控制系统的实现

为了解决航海培训中船用燃油锅炉模拟操作问题,利用虚拟仿真编程技术,开发船用燃油锅炉控制仿真训练系统。该仿真控制系统实现了船用燃油锅炉各种控制功能的仿真,能有效代替实际的船用锅炉进行培训操作。     

城轨交通高架桥墩顶纵向刚度的设计探讨

对桥墩纵向刚度进行计算,分析影响桥梁下部结构刚度的主要因素,包括桩径、桩间距以及墩截面几何尺寸.探讨在相同刚度的条件下,如何合理选择墩柱刚度及基础刚度,以保证结构受力合理且经济性好.     

连续刚构桥沿预应力钢束纵向开裂问题研究

通过研究箱梁底板沿预应力束出现的纵向裂缝,分析预应力束附近的横向次拉应力,同时考虑施工中可能产生的偏差情况,对圆形波纹管保护层厚度提出相应的计算公式,对于施工有着重要的实践意义。     

基于柔性管线的Flex-Lay铺管船的发展

Flex-Lay铺管船是柔性管线铺设平台,通过分析全球Flex-Lay铺管船发展现状,Flex-Lay铺管船正向专业化和多功能化方向发展,为我国Flex-Lay铺管船发展提供借鉴。     

自流冷却系统引水装置水力性能研究

为提出先进船舶自流冷却系统引水装置的定量设计原则,参照水泵性能描述方法,提出自流扬程的概念,用自流扬程和附加阻力描述引水装置水力性能。基于伯努利方程和边界层方程的计算分析表明,为提高自流扬程,引水装置吸入口应垂直于来流且高于边界层厚度。基于冲量定理进行计算分析并结合三维仿真计算结果表明,为平衡自流能力和附加阻力,引水装置的入口流速与航速之比宜设计在一定区间内。实船计算结果验证了本文设计方法的正确性。     

水面油膜及漂浮物回收分离装置的研制

针对水面油膜及漂浮物扩散面积大、浮层薄的特点,利用油及漂浮物与水的密度不同这一物理特性,设计一套具有良好水动力性能的水面油膜及漂浮物回收分离装置。载体平台在水面上能够抵御一定的风浪影响,快速、高效地吸收水面表层油膜及漂浮物。完成载体平台、控制系统、油膜及漂浮物回收分离系统的设计及建造,开展系统集成、调试、样机试验等工作,并验证了装置的性能。研究成果可为水面油膜及漂浮物的回收分离设备的研制和应用提供借鉴。     

压载荷下骨材贯穿孔孔边应力集中模型试验

以船舶双层底结构为研究对象开展模型试验,研究板材中的开孔在承受压力载荷作用下的孔边应力分布情况,分析压力载荷下不同开孔孔型以及不同补强结构对孔边应力分布情况的影响。在此基础上,开展相关仿真分析,将试验结果与有限元仿真结果进行对比,验证有限元仿真的准确性。     

Property Evolution of Sulphoaluminate Grouting Material under Pressure Circulation北大核心CSCD

Water-sealed underground oil tank projects are quite different from traditional underground projects since the water-sealing conditions are very strict and the difficulties caused by the geological specificity, structural specificity and construction specificity are key factors affecting the project. In light of the significant early initial setting time and rapid temperature increase of sulphoaluminate cement-based grouting material for a large domestic water-sealed underground oil tank with pressurized cyclic grouting, a laboratory grouting simulation is conducted. It is found that the properties of the sulphoaluminate cement-based grouting material are quite different under different pressure cycles, the hydration exothermic peak time gets shorter with an increase of circulation time, the compressive strength decreases with an increase of circulation time, and the longer the circulation time the more obvious the de-crease of compressive strength. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Adapting without Retreating: Responses to Shoreline Change on an Inlet-Associated Coastal Beach

Coastal barrier systems around the world are experiencing higher rates of flooding and shoreline erosion. Property owners on barriers have made significant financial investments in physical protections that shield their nearby properties from these hazards, constituting a type of adaptation to shoreline change. Factors that contribute to adaptation on Plum Island, a developed beach and dune system on the North Shore of Massachusetts, are investigated here. Plum Island experiences patterns of shoreline change that may be representative of many inlet-associated beaches, encompassing an equivocal and dynamically shifting mix of erosion and accretion. In the face of episodic floods and fleeting erosive events, and driven by a combination of strong northeast storms and cycles of erosion and accretion, the value of the average Plum Island residence increases by 34% for properties on the oceanfront where protection comprises a publicly constructed soft structure. Even in the face of state policies that ostensibly discourage physical protection as a means of adaptation, coastal communities face significant political and financial pressures to maintain existing protective structures or to allow contiguous groups of property owners to build new ones through collective action. These factors mitigate against adapting to shoreline change by retreating from the coast, thereby potentially increasing the adverse effects of coastal hazards.