PCNA与AgNOR在肺癌中的表达及意义

应用肺癌增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）免疫组化和核仁组成区（AgNOR）胶银染色法对比观察60例肺癌。结果表明，PCNA增殖指数（PI）与AgNOR计数均能较敏感的反应细胞增殖活性，且两者具有一定的线性相关性，其数量变化均与肺癌分型分级有关。结果还提示，PCNA与AgNOR均可作为肺癌分级诊断的参数，并可作为常规推广普及。     

绞股蓝总皂甙对Lewis肺癌的作用

绞股蓝总皂甙（ＧｙｐｅｎｏｓｉｄｅｓＧＰ）对Ｌｅｗｉｓ肺癌原位肿瘤的生长及肺转移均有抑制作用。在１５、３０、６０ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）的剂量下，原位肿瘤的抑制率分别为３１．８％、４５．２％、４９．３％，且能明显减少肺转移集落数，有明显剂量依赖关系。     

重症急性胰腺炎胰腺损伤与肺损伤的关系

目的探讨重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)引起急性肺损伤(ALI)的机制。方法48只实验组大鼠注射40g/L(4%)牛磺胆酸钠制作SAP模型。实验组及对照组(48只)大鼠分别在1、3、5、7、9、12h点剖杀,取胰腺及肺组织行病理观察、微血管通透性及MPO活性测定;RT-PCR法检测胰腺及肺组织中细胞间黏附分子(ICAM-1)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)基因表达。结果制模后胰腺及肺损伤逐渐加重,胰腺及肺髓过氧化物酶(MPO)活性及微血管通透性逐渐升高;胰腺TNF-α、ICAM-1基因表达均在1h明显升高,至7h达到峰值;肺组织TNF-α、ICAM-1基因表达则在1h后逐渐上升,至9~12h达到峰值。结论SAP引起ALI过程中存在明显的时间窗口,该窗口内的早期预防性保护可能利于防止ALI的发生。     

室间隔缺损并肺动脉高压肺超微结构的研究

作者观察了１０例室间隔缺损并中、重度肺动脉高压肺组织超微结构的改变：①肺泡隔纤维化、胶原纤维增生；②肺泡Ⅱ型细胞显著增生，胞质内见大量线粒体，粗面内质网，板层小体增多其内容丢失；③肺泡－毛细血管腔厚度增加；④肺血管基膜增厚或扩张。可能是因为长期高流量、高压力冲击下，肺血管发生结构性改变。     

Diagnostic value of diffuse and peripheral lung lesions by transbronchial lung biopsy

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) via bronchoscope for lung diffuse lesions and peripheral pulmonary lesions. Methods The results of TBLB were retrospectively analyzed from 256 diagnoses of unknown patients with lung diffuse lesions or peripheral lung lesions. Results Eighty-nine final diagnosis cases via TBLB only once, the diagnostic rate of double lung diffuse lesions was the highest, [51.06% (24/47)], local non-nodule lesions, nodule lesions, cavity lesions were 33.33%(23/69), 29.91%(35/117), and 28.57%(4/14), respectively. Among 24 diagnostic cases of double lung diffuse lesions, there were 6 cases of pneumonia of pulmonary tuberculosis, 9 cases of lung carcinoma, 7 cases of adenecarcinoma; 6 cases of pneumonia, 2 cases of fungous infection, and 1 case of lung hemosiderusis. The diagnostic yield about 58 cases of local lesions was low, among which non-nodule lesions accounted for 33.33% and nodule lesions accounted for 29.91%. In 89 cases of peripheral lung lesions with histological diagnosis, lung carcinoma and pulmonary tuberculosis were frequent diseases, which accounted for 86.52%. Conclusion TBLB is a reliable, safe, effective and repeatable operation method in diagnosis of lung diffuse lesions and peripheral pulmonary lesions.     

肺癌TNF-α的表达及其意义

目的 探讨TNF-α基因在肺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法 应用免疫组化SP法检测40例肺癌组织中肿瘤坏死因子(Tumor necrosis factor,TNF-α)的表达,并与癌旁正常肺组织对照。结果 TNF-α阳性表达主要分布于癌细胞胞浆中,阳性率为47..5%(19/40),细胞核内无阳性表达;癌旁正常肺组织内无阳性表达(P＜0..05)。结论 TNF-α与肺癌的发生、发展有着密切关系。     

Identification of serum biomarkers for diagnosing stage I lung adenocarcinoma by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry

Objectire To identify specific biomarkers that could improve early diagnsis of lung adenuearcinoma using matrix-assisted laser desorptian/ionization (MALDI) technology. Methods Serum samples were isolated from 17 patients with stage I lung adenuearcinoma and 17 age- and sex-matched healthy controls, and the serum proteomic profiles were obtained by matrix-assistcd laser desorption ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Results Compared with healthy control group, two highly expressed potential biomarkers were identified with the relative molecular weights of 6 631.64 Da and 4 964. 21 Da. The two best novel protein peaks were automatically chosen for the system training and the development of the constructed model. The constructed model was then used to test an independent set of masked serum samples from 15 lung adenocarcinoma patients and 22 healthy individuals. The analysis yielded a sensitivity of 93.3 %, and a specificity of 95.5 %. Conclusion These results suggest that MALDI-TOF-MS ProteinChip technology is a quick, convenient, and high-output analyzing method that is capable of selecting several relatively potential biomarkers from the serum of lung adenocarcinoma patients and may have a clinical value in the future, and will provide clues to identifying new serologic btomarkers of lung adenocarcinoma.     

体外非接触共培养诱导骨髓间充质干细胞向肺泡上皮细胞的分化

目的 建立体外非接触共培养模型,诱导小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)向肺泡上皮细胞的分化.方法 分三组,每组6例.对照组:小鼠MSCs单独培养组;实验组A:正常肺组织单细胞悬液+MSCs;实验组B:损伤肺组织单细胞悬液+MSCs.共同培养8d,激光共聚焦和RT-PCR检测共培养体系下室中的SP-C和AQP5的表达情况.结果 对照组和实验组A都只检测到AQP5;而实验组B可同时检测到AQP5和SP-C.实验组B的AQP5 mRNA的表达量较对照组明显增多(P<0.01),而与实验组A比较,其AQP5 mRNA的表达量也有统计学差异(P<0.01).但是,实验组A与对照组比较则无明显统计学差异(P>0.05).结论 本实验室成功建立了体外非接触诱导小鼠MSCs分化为肺泡上皮细胞的实验模型.     

肺癌早期诊断的现状、困惑和希望

肺癌是目前世界范围内发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤.早期诊断是改善其预后的关键.由于肺癌在临床和病理学方面均表现出明显的异质性,故缺乏理想的早期诊断措施.本文介绍了肺癌早期诊断的现状、进展和存在的问题,探讨了今后研究的方向.     

五种血清肿瘤标志物单个或联合检测在肺癌诊断中作用的初步评价

目的初步评价细胞角蛋白19的片段(Cyfra21-1)等5种肿瘤标志物单个或联合检测在肺癌诊断,尤其是早期诊断中的作用。方法采用电化学发光免疫法检测了124例肺癌和41例非肿瘤肺病患者血清中Cyfra21-1、癌胚抗原(CEA)、神经元烯醇化酶(NSE)、糖链抗原19-9(CA19-9)及鳞状细胞抗原(SCCAg)等五种标志物的水平。结果CEA特异性最高,达97.56%,Cyfra21-1最低,为73.17%;CEA、Cyfra21-1及NSE的敏感性分别在腺癌、鳞癌、小细胞肺癌中最高(分别为68.29%、62.30%、66.47%);Cyfra21-1、NSE在早期和晚期肺癌中的敏感性无显著性差异(P>0.05)。联合检测Cyfra21-1+CEA诊断肺癌的特异性和敏感性分别为70.73%和66.13%;同时检测3或4个标志物可提高诊断的敏感性,但特异性却明显降低;Cyfra21-1+CEA、Cyfra21-1+CA19-9诊断早期和晚期肺癌的敏感性无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论作为肺癌筛查指标,上述标志物均不理想;CEA>10μg/L对肺癌,尤其是腺癌的定性诊断有较大价值;Cyfra21-1和NSE分别是鳞癌和小细胞肺癌较好的标志物,两者在肺癌早期诊断中均可能有一定价值。Cyfra21-1+CEA可能是诊断肺癌(包括早期)的一个较佳组合。