基于OpenFOAM的发动机舱回流计算方法研究

研究车辆在怠速工况下的发动机舱热空气回流问题，基于OpenFOAM 软件进行回流计算方法的开发。通过设置监控面及组分转换面来重新定义格栅新空气和舱内回流热空气等组分，可直接计算出回流在监控面上的分布及回流率和回流量。根据开发的方法对某款插电式混合动力汽车（Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle，PHEV）车型进行计算并提出不同的优化方案，使其发动机舱回流率从32.7% 分别降低至24.0%和9.3%，回流量从0.169 kg/s分别降低至0.128 kg/s和0.048 kg/s，从而降低了冷凝器等散热器的进风温度，提高了怠速工况下热管理系统的性能。     

浅谈丹东市防洪工程体系

介绍了丹东市防洪工程现状,对防洪工程体系及存在问题进行了分析,有关经验可供相关专业人员参考。     

Flow-field guided steering control for rigid autonomous ground vehicles in low-speed manoeuvring

ABSTRACT

This paper studies the low-speed manoeuvring problem for autono-mous ground vehicles operating in complex static environments. Making use of the intrinsic property of a fluid to naturally find its way to an outflow destination, a novel guidance method is proposed. In this approach, a reference flow field is calculated numerically through Computational Fluid Dynamics, based on which both the reference path topology and the steering reference to achieve the path are derived in a single process. Steering control considers three constraints: obstacle and boundary avoidance, rigidity of the vehicle, plus the non-holonomic velocity constraints due to the steering system. The influences of the parameters used during the flow field simulation and the control algorithm are discussed through numerical cases. A divergency field is defined to evaluate the quality of the flow field in guiding the vehicle. This is used to identify any problematic branching features of the flow, and control is adapted in the neighbourhood of such branching features to resolve possible ambiguities in the control reference. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of the method in finding smooth and feasible motion paths, even in complex environments.     

基于客票数据的城市轨道交通车站客流控制决策研究

城市轨道交通大客流控制是保证运行秩序和乘客安全的客运组织管控手段,目前由运营人员根据经验进行大客流辨识和客流控制决策的模式具有一定的主观性和滞后性。基于自动售检票系统(AFC)历史客票数据,分析车站大客流的发展规律,基于实时客票数据和列车运行实绩,获取进站客流的实时聚集数量及其空间分布情况,提出的辅助决策方法能够基于客票数据确定车站客流控制等级和控制时机,具备较好的精确性和前瞻性。     

提升正立式结构摩托车前减震器装配一次合格率的探讨

减震器是摩托车中仅次于发动机的关键部件，其示功特性与前弹簧共同作用直接影响摩托车的减振效果和舒适性。受国内零部件加工尺寸离散率较大的影响，导致产品装配一次合格率仅为80％左右。通过采取一系列相应措施，并对供应商进行指导和提升，确保了配套件的产品质量，逐步修订了关键尺寸的公差范围，提高了减震器的一次装配合格率。     

WTO与中国寿险业的利率风险

从各项指标来看，中国的保险市场蕴藏着巨大的商机。按照世界贸易组织的规定，中国一旦全面开放保险市场，国内保险业将面临前所未有的竞争局面。如何保持国内保险业在竞争中立于不败之地，当务之急是要解决困扰保险业健康发展的问题。现实和潜在的最大问题之一表现为保险业较高的利率风险和较低的风险分散、风险转移的能力。中提出了国内保险业中长期的发展战略。     

Analysis on Ground Surface Deformation and Influence of Construction Parameters Caused by Two Different Shield Machines in Double-tube Tunnelling北大核心CSCD

Based on a shield-driven running tunnel project of Hangzhou Metro Line 2, this paper carries out field measuring of the ground surface deformation caused by two different shield machines in double-tube tunnelling in soft soil areas, obtains the laws of the surface deformation caused by shield-driven double-tube tunnelling and verifies the applicability of the modified Peck formula to double-tube tunnelling. The results show that in soft soil areas the impacts on ground surface deformation caused by different shield construction parameters in the previously and subsequently excavated tunnels are different, while the surface deformation changes sharply before and after the shield machine passing through the cutting face, and a rebound phenomenon occurs when the shield tail passes through the cutting face due to the influence of the grouting; The cutterhead torque of the shield machine in soft soil areas can be composed of five calculation factors, and the calculation results are in good agreement with the measured values. The larger the opening rate of the shield cutterhead is, the larger the average torque value will be, the higher the percentage of large ground loss rate will be, and the larger the maximum ground surface settlement will be; The ratio of cutterhead torque T to mucking volume per ring Q is used as the control parameter for analyzing the ground surface settlement, and a certain positive correlation between the ratio and the surface settlement value is determined, the smaller the cutterhead opening rate is, the more accurate the fitting results will be. © 2022, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

长丰县城乡公交需求和现状一体化分析

为了进一步加强城乡经济社会的协调发展,同时缩短城乡差距,加强综合交通网络,并提高城市和农村地区的综合交通运输网络,城乡公交一体化便是公共交通的主流发展。文章在深入安徽省合肥市长丰县实地调研的基础上,探究了长丰县公交一体化的发展状况,为长丰经济发展助力。     

路网环境下考虑大型车混入率的事故疏散诱导模型

大型车的混入对高速公路交通流产生了较大的影响，尤其是在交通事故情景下。为了引导事故条件下驾驶人和组织者做出高效准确的决断，将考虑了大型车混入率的动态空间占有率模型引入到交通波模型，构建干涉与非干涉情景下的交通事故影响模型。以郑尧高速为例，对模型的准确性和可行性进行了验证，分别对干涉情景下的疏散时间、疏散量以及事故发生的位置，车辆数等指标与事故影响程度的指标（包含事故最远排队长度，事故持续时间）关系进行分析。研究结果表明：疏散时间与事故影响程度成正相关关系，疏散量与事故影响程度成负相关关系，而事故发生点与上游匝道之间的距离与其关系不大；道路服务水平为0.456，车辆数为1 321 veh·h^-1时，为了使得分合流区不受影响，在不采取任何措施的情景下，应将大型车混入率控制在50.1%以下，使得最远排队长度在10 km内；当大型车混入率大于58%时，将很难通过干涉引导避免对上游分合流区产生影响；在35 min以内采取干涉措施的效果最为明显，而大于35 min时，事故持续时间会发生一个急剧的增加，不利于路网恢复，之后事故恢复时间将趋于平稳；对道路交通量进行模拟可知交通量每增加50 veh，疏散时间和距离增加的范围为[1.5 min，3.6 min]和[1.209 km，1.543 km]。研究结果可为高速公路事故诱导策略制定和疏散效果提升提供参考。     

关于IE在重卡制造业中的应用

介绍了某重卡调整线运用IE手法,引入工业工程中的作业分析、程序分析、作业分析、动作分析等方法和思想,对生产线进行改善。