风积沙相对密度的试验研究

通过对风积沙相对密度的最大干密度进行室内试验,提出取得风积沙相对密度最大干密度的合理振动时间以及相对密度在风积沙中的适用范围.这对于利用风积沙进行筑路的试验、设计及施工有一定的指导意义.     

青藏铁路清水河地区路基下伏多年冻土地温变化特征研究

研究目的:分析青藏铁路施工区多年冻土上限的变化规律以及填筑铁路路基施工对下伏多年冻土赋存条 件的影响。 研究方法:系统分析埋设在青藏铁路清水河地区路基中2个断面内的共8个地温测试孔3年来采集的地温 观测资料,研究该地区铁路路基下伏高原多年冻土融化特征。 研究结论:由于受到填筑路基时赋存在路基填料内的热量的影响,铁路路基下伏多年冻土近地表的地温变 化特征与天然地面下的多年冻土的地温变化特征有明显的不同,且向阳面与被阴面差别较大。多年冻士的上限 在施工初期会有一个明显的下移沉降,随着时间的推移,虽然残存在路基中的热量逐渐消散,多年冻土上限下 降会逐渐稳定,但由于受到太阳辐射和路基边坡形状及融化夹层的影响,多年冻土上限会逐渐稳定,但不会在 短时期内上升到天然地面下多年冻土的上限水平。     

Estimation of the tyre–road maximum friction coefficient and slip slope based on a novel tyre model

In this article, a new approach to estimate the vehicle tyre forces, tyre–road maximum friction coefficient, and slip slope is presented. Contrary to the majority of the previous work on this subject, a new tyre model for the estimation of the tyre–road interface characterisation is proposed. First, the tyre model is built and compared with those of Pacejka, Dugoff, and one other tyre model. Then, based on a vehicle model that uses four degrees of freedom, an extended Kalman filter (EKF) method is designed to estimate the vehicle motion and tyre forces. The shortcomings of force estimation are discussed in this article. Based on the proposed tyre model and the improved force measurements, another EKF is implemented to estimate the tyre model parameters, including the maximum friction coefficient, slip slope, etc. The tyre forces are accurately obtained simultaneously. Finally, very promising results have been achieved for pure acceleration/braking for varying road conditions, both in pure steering and combined manoeuvre simulations.     

Comparison of various double-lane change manoeuvre specifications

One of the commonly used performance measures to quantify a vehicle's handling transient dynamics is the maximum forward speed (MFS) while passing a certain specified double-lane change (DLC) manoeuvre without violating the boundary and tyre lift-off. The MFS is directly associated with the minimum curvature radius (MCR) of the vehicle centre of gravity (CG) trajectory controlled by the driver during the manoeuvre. The MCR is further affected by the vehicle dimensions to meet the boundary condition. In this study, a single heavy vehicle CG trajectory is assumed to be a combination of three straight lines and two third-order spline curves. A heavy vehicle multi-body system model established with ADAMS/Car is correlated with test data for step-steer and constant radius cornering events, and then the model is used to demonstrate that the assumptions considered in the formulation applied in this paper are valid for this specific vehicle category. The MCRs of four heavy vehicles are maximised among all the possible choices of the vehicle CG trajectory during each of five specific DLC manoeuvres, including North Atlantic Treaty Organization (Allied Vehicle Testing Publication 03-160W), International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 3888-1, ISO 3888-2, Consumer Union Short Course and Test Operations Procedure 2-2-609. The maximised MCR (MMCR), considered as the best possible choice of vehicle CG trajectories, is further solved as a function of the vehicle width and length. The results will show the sensitivity of the MMCR to the vehicle length and width, thus the impact on the vehicle transient handling dynamics. Finally, the comparison of five DLC specifications may help users to correlate a vehicle's MFS from one specification to others.     

级配碎石基层材料与施工工艺浅析

级配碎石是一种松散材料,可作为沥青路面的基层,研究表明,能有效改善半刚性基层收缩裂缝和反射裂缝的发生,提高基层的排水性能。本文叙述了青海省某高速公路级配碎石基层的材料组成设计及施工工艺。     

一类带存放率的渐近周期竞争扩散系统的稳定性

应用上、下解方法和抛物型方程的极值原理,研究了带存放率的渐近周期竞争系统ut-D1Δu=u（a-bu-cv）＋h,vt-D2Δv=v（d-eu-fv）＋k在齐次Neum ann边界条件下解的渐近性态,得到了该系统的全局渐近稳定性.     

基层材料最佳含水量和最大干密度的确定方法探讨

本文从工程实际出发,针对击实成型的试验方法不能模拟施工现场的压实情况等一些矛盾之处,进行改进方法的探讨。     

大型散装船最大吃水的控制

针对大型散装船装货速度快的特点,提出在确保船舶安全的前提下,从制订航次装货计划、装货过程及装货最后阶段控制船舶最大吃水,为船舶所有人、租船人争取最大的利益。     

长江下游安庆港及其航道泥沙沉积原因的分析

安庆河道位于长江下游，长度50km。安庆港位于安庆河道北岸。从1880年至1984年，长达23．2km的安庆港岸线很稳定，岸线平均水深大于9．6m，安庆水道平均水深大于13．9m，成为长江中下游天然深水港。1984年以来，安庆港被泥沙沉积，安庆水道因江心洲浅滩的沉积趋向恶化，在枯水期安庆港西区和江心洲浅滩的水深分别小于4m和3．6m，影响航运。本文根据地理调查，近120年航行图的比较，对航道水深的测量，对官洲河岸整治、封堵汉道、采砂作了评述，着重研究了1984年以来安庆河道主流线变化和安庆港与江心洲浅滩的沉积。这些研究成果对安庆港及其航道治理和长江中下游港口与航道建设均有重要的参考价值。     

基于最大公称粒径的贝雷法选取密度修正值

选取AC-20、AC-16、AC-10、AC-5等四种不同最大公称粒径沥青混合料矿料级配,根据贝雷法控制筛孔D/2通过率计算PCS通过率,进而反算不同最大公称粒径条件下粗集料选取密度修正值范围。结果表明：沥青混合料最大公称粒径与粗集料用量呈正相关的关系,而粗集料用量则影响着贝雷法控制筛孔PCS的通过率;粗集料选取密度修正值与最大公称粒径呈正比,采用贝雷法进行矿料级配设计时,应根据最大公称粒径选用合适的选取密度修正值。