贫混凝土基层材料变形性能的研究

通过室内试验，研究了贫混凝土道路基层材料的温度收缩和干燥收缩特性。试验结果为贫混凝土基层路面温度应力的计算提供了重要的参数，并对进一步研究贫混凝土基层干缩裂缝的防止具有重要的意义。     

碳钢、低合金钢全浸没海洋环境下最大点蚀深度简化模型

腐蚀是导致老龄船舶结构失效的主要原因之一。结合基本点蚀原理,文章对碳钢、低合金钢海水全浸没点蚀的主要影响因素、具体点蚀进程做了简要解释与评述。基于Melchers点蚀深度模型及其相关实验数据,文中提出一种简化形式的新型点蚀最大深度模型,并采用该模型对三组我国船舶结构常用碳钢、低合金钢的青岛海域全浸没点蚀试验观测数据进行分析。通过对比验证,证明采用Weibull函数表示点蚀最大深度随时间变化关系是合适的。此外,依据青岛、厦门、榆林海域碳钢试验数据,文中还对海水环境因素,如:溶解氧浓度、平均温度、盐度、PH值等,以及钢材成分变化对新型最大点蚀深度模型各参数的影响进行了初步探讨,得出了相应的函数关系式及相关结论。     

Deconstructing development density: Quality, quantity and price effects on household non-work travel

Smart growth and transit-oriented development proponents advocate increasing the density of new land development and infill redevelopment. This is partly in order to reduce auto use, by reducing distances between trip origins and destinations, creating a more enjoyable walking environment, slowing down road travel, and increasing the market for transit. But research investigating how development density influences household travel has typically been inadequate to account for this complex set of hypotheses: it has used theoretically unjustified measures, has not accounted for spatial scale very well, and has not investigated potentially important combinations of measures. Using data from a survey of metropolitan households in California, measures of development density corresponding to the main hypotheses about how density affects travel—activity density affecting distance traveled, network load density affecting the speed of auto travel, and built form density affecting the quality of walking—are tested as independent variables in models of auto trip speed and individual non-work travel. Residential network load density is highly negatively correlated with the speed of driving, and is also highly correlated with non-work travel, both singly and in combination with other measures. Activity density and built form density are not as significantly related, on their own. These results suggest that denser development will not influence travel very much unless road level-of-service standards and parking requirements are reduced or eliminated.     

Modeling Feedback Scheme of Empty Cars in Unloading End of Heavy Haul Railway

The transportation organization of heavy haul railway is complex in China, especially, the feedback of empty cars. On the basis of reference to the existing research results, and deep analysis of the characteristics of empty cars distribution of heavy haul railway, the authors construct the feedback schematic model of empty cars in unloading end of heavy haul railway. The minimum quantity of the combined trains and the time for combination is taken as the model goal and solution algorithm on the basis of minimum cost and maximum flow is formulated. Daqin railway is taken as an example and relevant conclusions of feedback scheme of empty cars of heavy haul railway, through an analysis of calculation results, are drawn.     

聚丙烯纤维水泥稳定碎石收缩性能

为了减小水泥稳定碎石的收缩,研究了聚丙烯纤维对水泥稳定碎石收缩性能的影响,分别用千分表支架法和应变片电测法对聚丙烯纤维水泥稳定碎石和普通水泥稳定碎石的干缩性能和温缩性能进行了测试,分析了材料的平均干缩系数和平均温缩系数随纤维掺量变化的规律。试验结果表明:聚丙烯纤维的掺入可显著地减小水泥稳定碎石的平均干缩系数和平均温缩系数,高龄期聚丙烯纤维水泥稳定碎石的平均干缩系数比低龄期的小,而高龄期的平均温缩系数却比低龄期的大;在纤维体积掺量小于1‰的范围内,随着纤维体积掺量的增加,水泥稳定碎石平均干缩系数和平均温缩系数均逐渐减小。可见,在一定的纤维掺量范围内,聚丙烯纤维水泥稳定碎石具有良好的抗收缩性能,应用于路面基层可提高路面的抗裂性能。     

矿山法海底隧道废水排水系统设计实践

以青岛胶州湾海底隧道工程为依托,对废水系统排水能力的确定、废水提升方案的选择及废水泵房优化设计等方面进行分析,探讨矿山法海底隧道废水排水系统的主要关键技术。主要结论如下： 1）废水排水能力确定的关键在于隧道的结构渗漏水的定量,常规的水下隧道的结构渗漏水量数据不一定适用于海底隧道,必须实际测量后确定; 2）废水提升方案关系到排水的经济性和安全性,核心在于选取安全可靠的水泵类型; 3）废水泵房优化主要从废水池有效容积、结构设计及设备检修等方面进行展开分析; 4）矿山法海底隧道废水排水系统的设计,必须从隧道实际情况出发,综合考虑各类影响因素,以达到安全、经济的设计目标。     

PPF水泥稳定砂砾的收缩及低温性能研究

为了研究聚丙烯纤维(PPF)水泥稳定砂砾的干缩、温缩和低温冻融性能,基于PPF长度和掺量变化,通过室内试验考察了不同龄期各组试件的上述物理力学性能,得到了PPF长度和掺量变化下的影响规律,并从材料组成的微观、宏观以及断裂力学角度分析了其机理.结果表明,各龄期PPF水泥稳定砂砾的干缩和温缩系数均随PPF长度、掺量的增加而减小;PPF对水泥稳定砂砾低温性能的改善幅度,随PPF长度的增加呈递增趋势,而随PPF掺量增加的改善趋势会因PPF长度的不同而表现各异:PPF长度较小时呈递增趋势,长度较大时呈先增加后减小趋势.研究给出了合理的PPF长度及掺量取值,与普通对比组相比,PPF组的平均干缩系数和温缩系数可分别降低19.4％和12.1％以上;冻融抗压强度和劈裂强度可分别提高12.1％和16.7％以上,冻融质量损失率可降低87.8％以上.     

基于平整度的CRCP冲断区域维修标准研究

为了获得连续配筋混凝土路面冲断区域维修标准,本文首先建立冲断区域人-车-路耦合振动模型,然后利用传递矩阵法结合Matlab软件对振动方程进行求解,以获得乘客加速度随时间的变化和最大瞬态振动值(MTVV).研究发现:一定条件下车辆经过冲断区域时,其在做振幅减小的简谐振动;当车辆进入冲断区域0.22 s时乘客加速度最大,其值为1.57 m/s2.最后,考虑行车舒适性以最大瞬态振动值作为行驶舒适性评价指标,提出冲断区域维修标准的确定方法和步骤,并给出了相应算例.     

汽车起动机衬套的使用

介绍起动机衬套的种类、安装位置、配合间隙，例举因衬套引发故障的现象、故障点及排除方法，列表给出了市场上90％型号衬套的适用车型。     

沥青路面心样密度试验方法应用研究

通过对沥青路面上钻取的非干燥试件进行风干和烘干试验,计算不同试验条件下心样的毛体积相对密度和压实度。研究结果表明,风干12 h以后继续延长风干时间,对路面压实度的计算结果影响甚微,而在不需进行其他试验时,采用（60±5）℃烘箱烘干0.5-1.5 h后称其空中质量进行路面压实度评价是合适的,且有利于指导沥青路面的连续施工。