Workshop 1: Performance measurement and compliance

This workshop discussed challenges of measuring the performance of transport contracts, which is usually achieved by benchmarking the relevant services against a few key performance indicators (KPIs). Such KPIs (the workshop identified cost efficiency, service quality and safety/security as the top three) can be explicitly included in the contracts (with a focus on compliance) or can be rather informal and part of a trusting partnership. Limited availability of good data and appropriate information technology systems appear to be the greatest challenges within developed markets. In the context of creating a formal market (such as the South African taxi market), which encourages public transport measurement and compliance, our findings suggest that it is important to set as a first step minimum standards to address the backlog with respect to establishing performance measurement regimes.     

Productivity change in Nigerian seaports after reform: a Malmquist productivity index decomposition approach

ABSTRACT

During the 1990s, Nigerian seaports were considered inefficient, unsafe due to massive cargo theft (wharf rat phenomenon) and one of the most expensive port systems in the world. This resulted in long turnaround times for ships and increased container dwell times. As a result, port operations were transferred to the private sector through concession contracts. This paper employs a Malmquist productivity index (MPI) technique to benchmark pre-and post-reform total factor productivity growth of the six major Nigeria seaports (Apapa, Calabar, Onne, Port Harcourt, TinCan Island and Warri) for the period 2000–2011 which represents six years before (2000–2005) and six years after (2006–2011) the reform. The results indicate progress in technical efficiency of the ports after reform but deterioration in technological progress. Overall productivity growth was higher in the pre-concession period compared to the post-concession period. The source of pre-concession period productivity growth was technological progress while the change in productivity of the post-concession period is generated by an increase in scale efficiency. This suggests that concessionaires have not brought in the much anticipated investment in modern technology to drive port efficiency. The ports of Calabar and Apapa experienced the highest productivity growth while lowest result was Onne.     

船舶辅机安装要求的探讨

介绍了辅机在船体上的几种预舾装方式.规定了辅机基座的加工要求.阐述了辅机设备的安装要求及检查方法.为船舶辅机的稳定、安全运行提供保障.     

振荡浮筒式波浪能发电装置设计与实验研究

为解决海岛海水淡化以及用电问题,设计了一种以浮筒作为波浪捕获装置的小型模块化波浪能发电装置。该装置通过浮筒有效捕获波浪能,转换为浮筒的机械能,再转换为液压能,最后通过液压马达驱动而转换为电能。该发电装置设置了液压蓄能器,使波浪能转换为电能经历了三级转换。蓄存的能量经压力控制系统调节后,增强了连续工作能力,提高了整个系统的安全性和大浪下的发电能力,最终有效解决了波浪能输出不稳定、不连续的关键难题。     

深水三用工作船兼容储存输送装置研究

介绍兼容储存输送装置的设计,该装置实现了对各种液、固物料的兼容,在完成对钻井平台的物料供应后还能接收钻井作业产生的钻屑、浮油等废弃物,增加了船舶的附加值。     

Why and How to Use Customer Opinions: A Quality-of-Life and Customer Satisfaction-Oriented Foundation for Performance-Based Decision-Making

Abstract

The concepts of ‘customer satisfaction’ (CS) and ‘quality of life’ (QOL) have both been used, on a limited basis, in strategic planning and performance measurement at state departments of transportation. However, the meanings and usefulness of these concepts are still unclear or evolving to many practitioners. Based on a review of the literature and customer opinion data collected for various transportation studies in the USA and Europe, this paper offers two important contributions to the transportation literature. The paper clarifies the relationship between the CS and QOL concepts, placing CS in the broader context of customer opinions and subjective well-being. The paper then identifies six categories of survey tools for collecting customer opinions, describing how each can be used within a performance management framework to reveal the QOL impacts of transportation decisions. Agencies can use the definitions, conceptual relationships, performance measures, and decision-making processes discussed in this paper to refine their performance management programs, to better understand customer and public perceptions, and to make systematic progress toward their QOL oriented goals.     

GPRS/ZigBee 交通诱导信息发布装置的 优化选址研究

GPRS/ZigBee 交通诱导信息发布装置通过GPRS无线网络获取交通信息管理 中心发布的交通诱导信息,然后通过ZigBee 无线网络发送到车载信息接收装置,车载信 息接收装置再通过文语转换技术将交通诱导信息用语音的方式播报出来.为了发挥 GPRS/ZigBee 交通诱导信息发布装置的最大效用,本文提出了该信息发布装置的一种选 址方案.首先,本文建立了总量-广度数学模型,然后又建立Logit-SUE模型,利用MSA算 法求解SUE模型,得到每个路段流量和公共路段系数,最后计算出信息发布装置在每个 路段的总效应,确定选址方案.本文利用包含20 个节点,62 条路段的路网进行了选址仿真 实验,实验结果验证了该方案的可行性.     

机车检修调度智能化的研究与设计

针对现有铁路机车检修纯手工方式管理存在的记录模糊、任务分派迟缓、严重制约检修进度的问题,提出在小修环节部署《小修调度管理系统》,实现对小修管理各个环节的计算机管理.目标系统设计了适应现场工作环境的便携式终端设备;采用可扩展的问题库设计,可同时用于内燃机车和电力机车的检修管理;借助技术手段,消除管理上存在的安全隐患.     

脉冲涡流参数对金属测厚影响的仿真分析

脉冲涡流（PEC）检测技术是近年发展起来的新型无损检测技术,可以进行金属板材或金属设备的厚度测量,具有频谱宽、信号穿透能力强及精确度高等优点．文中建立了脉冲涡流测厚系统的有限元分析模型,仿真分析脉冲涡流探头参数对金属测厚的影响,包括激励和检测线圈的高度、厚度、内径、匝数等,从而为脉冲涡流检测设备的国产化研究和提高精度提供理论依据．     

映汶高速公路中隧道监控量测技术探讨

与普通隧道相比,穿越泥石流堆积体的隧道承受不对称压力,其设计、施工具有独特之处。对监控量测项目的现场实践和穿越泥石流堆积体隧道进行分析,得出适用于穿越泥石流堆积体隧道的监控量测技术,对此类隧道安全施工具有重要的意义。