厂拌热再生沥青混合料物理力学性能试验研究

采用4种不同使用年限铣刨料及同一铣刨料的不同掺配率进行系统地厂拌热再生沥青混合料的配合比设计及物理力学性能试验。结果表明,对于不同老化程度的铣刨料,在同一铣刨料的掺配率下,铣刨料中回收沥青老化越严重,热再生沥青混合料的60℃稳定度越大,毛体积密度、空隙率和水稳定性越差,但变化幅度不大。对于同种铣刨料,混合料的毛体积密度及残留稳定度随着铣刨料掺配率的增加而呈减小的趋势,混合料的空隙率随着铣刨料掺配率的增大而增大,而混合料的动稳定度则表现先增加后减小的趋势。     

A computerized household activity scheduling survey

Household activity scheduling is widely regarded as the underlying mechanism through which people respond to emerging travel demand management policies. Despite this, very little fundamental research has been conducted into the underlying scheduling process to improve our understanding and ability forecast travel. The experimental survey approach presented in this paper attempts to fill this gap. At the core of the survey is a Computerized Household Activity Scheduling (CHASE) software program. The program is unique in that it runs for a week long period during which time all adult household members login daily to record their scheduling decisions as they occur over time. An up-front interview is used to define a household's activity agenda and mode availability. A sample of 41 households (66 adults and 14 children) was used to assess the performance of the survey. Analysis focuses on times to completion, daily scheduling steps, activity-travel patterns, and scheduling time horizons. Overall, the results show that the computer-based survey design was successful in gathering an array of information on the underlying process, while minimizing the burden on respondents. The survey was also capable of tracing traditionally observed activity-travel outcomes over a multi-day period with minimal fatigue effects. The paper concludes with a detailed discussion on future survey design, including issues of instrument bias, use of the Internet, and improved tracing of spatial behaviour. Future use of the survey methodology to enhance activity-travel diary surveys and stated responses experiments is also discussed. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Distributed work and travel behaviour: The dynamics of interactive agency choices between employers and employees

This paper develops a framework within which multiple agents make discrete choices in respect of a common objective – the determination of participation in distributed work, especially the opportunities and constraints associated with telecommuting. Ideas in discrete choice theory and game theory are combined to define a set of choice experiments in which employees and employers interact in arriving at a choice path in a distributed work context. A state choice experiment with offers and feedback, known as an interactive agency choice experiment (IACE), is empirically investigated in the context of telecommuting options with an exploratory sample of employees and employers in Sydney, Australia. The approach highlights the role of information and negotiation in breaking down the barriers to more flexible work activity, to deliver potential benefits to the transport system such as reduced traffic congestion and environmental sustainability. The paper identifies the types of incentives that an employee/er has to offer the employer/employee in securing effective telecommuting. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

汽车车门综合耐久试验台研制

介绍了一种乘用车车门的耐久试验台架,它以一台工业控制计算机为上位控制单元,以一台可编程控制器(PLC)作为下位控制单元。该设备能够实现对试验条件或工况的人-机交互设定;该设备中采用了小型机械手来开,关门锁,它能完整地模拟乘员上下车开关车门动作的全过程。     

高压无气冷喷漆划线车的发展概况和趋向

冷喷漆划线车是道路标线绘制的一种重要设备,按工作原理和结构组成可分为:机械式高压无气冷喷漆划线车、液压式高压无气冷喷漆划线车和气动式高压无气冷喷漆划线车。介绍了上述各种高压无气冷喷漆划线车的结构组成、工作原理、主要特点、应用及发展趋向。     

管道整体焊接加工工艺过程及吊装

在管道施工中,为了跨越或穿越河流、桥涵、构筑物和地下障碍物,常常将管道整体加工完毕再吊装。由于管道所处环境特殊,使用后抢修困难,故对管道加工质量要求严格,即管道的整体加工需要一个完善的加工工艺来保障其质量。该文针对市政施工中过河倒虹管施工的案例,就管道整体焊接加工的质量控制及吊装作了闸述与分析。     

基于转速感应的液压旋挖钻机功率匹配模糊控制

基于液压旋挖钻机负荷多变条件下的节能降耗要求,提出转速感应控制的负荷极限控制匹配方法。利用负荷变化引起的转速偏差的检测反馈,调节变量泵的排量,改变泵的吸收扭矩,控制发动机输出转速工作在能耗较低的转速范围,实现发动机与变量泵间的功率匹配;通过模糊自适应在线自整定调节PID参数,优化变量泵在不同工况下的变量调节性能,提高系统对负荷变化的适应性,实现发动机-变量泵系统的最佳效率匹配。经过在液压旋挖钻机平台上的试验论证,该方法达到了优化的目的,功率匹配效果显著。     

施工企业设备资产管理的改进

介绍了目前施工企业机械设备管理的总体情况,分析了设备管理中存在的缺点和不足之处,并针对这些问题,提出了改进机械设备管理需要重视和改进的方面。     

高速公路机电工程养护系统评价初探

公路养护管理是构建便捷、通畅、高效、安全的综合运输体系的重要基础,是建设节约型交通行业的必然选择。高速公路机电设施养护评价是"预防性"养护管理的基础和关键。目前,缺乏高速公路机电工程系统养护评价标准,如何科学的实施系统评价、分析系统质量问题是交通工程行业正在探索的难题。因此,高速公路机电工程养护管理缺乏科学的评价依据。从机电工程质量安全保证和资源合理分配的角度出发,建立一套科学、合理的机电工程养护评价体系至关重要。基于机电工程的特点,从评价目标入手,以评价体系为框架,分析评价指标,简要介绍评价方法,初步搭建评价体系。     

稀浆混合料拌和仪在微表处混合料可拌和时间研究中的应用

针对现行规范中手工拌和确定微表处混合料可拌和时间的不足,研发了稀浆混合料拌和仪。采用手工拌和与机械拌和的方式进行了稀浆混合料的拌和试验,试验结果表明两种方式获得的可拌和时间具有良好的线性关系,机械拌和在试验结果的稳定性和可靠性上优于手工拌和,建议采用机械拌和时的微表处混合料可拌和时间应大于150 s。最后,利用拌和仪分析了集料的洁净程度、外加剂、水泥剂量、用水量等因素对微表处混合料可拌和时间的影响,得出细集料亚甲蓝值对拌和时间影响显著,应尽可能的降低细集料含泥量;Al2(SO4)3对拌和时间的延长存在最大有效剂量,需根据实际确定;水泥用量对不同混合料体系拌和时间影响不同;水量对混合料的拌和状态的调节有限。