活断层错动位移下变形缝间距对隧道内力的影响

以活动断裂带为工程背景,探究变形缝间距对跨断层隧道内力的影响。运用ABAQUS有限元分析软件,建立穿越活动断裂带的隧道模型,分析断层错动下不同节段长度隧道围岩压力分布情况、二次衬砌最大轴向应力变化情况以及隧道塑性应变发展规律。结果表明:隧道节段长度越短,二次衬砌最大轴向应力越小,最大塑性应变越大;断层错动的影响主要集中在断层带内左侧区域的隧道,拱腰和拱脚部位受力和塑性变形明显。     

活断层错动位移下衬砌断面型式对隧道结构的影响

以棋盘石隧道为工程背景,采用有限元方法,设置五种不同仰拱半径的三心圆断面,对比研究了活动断层错动下不同衬砌断面型式对链式结构隧道受力及塑性变形的影响。结果表明:断层错动引起隧道二次衬砌受到拉张、剪切、挤压组合作用;断层错动引起的高应力带主要在断层带内的节段拱脚位置,且峰值位于上盘,剪切缝能有效地吸收断层错动产生的拉应力;在隧道断面不断趋向正圆的过程中,二次衬砌最大主应力、最小主应力、剪应力均呈减小趋势,等效塑性应变呈增大趋势。     

振弦式应变计测试混凝土线膨胀系数的研究

提出了一种在混凝土试件中埋入振弦式应变计测试线膨胀系数的方法,并将测试结果与直接加热法进行了对比,证明本方法测试结果可信,且操作简便。采用本方法对混凝土试件进行了230d的长期测试,得到了混凝土线膨胀系数随龄期变化的规律。结果表明,混凝土线膨胀系数在早龄期（2~3d）变化较为剧烈,后期趋向均匀,并略有减小,与现有研究结论一致。     

自组网无线动态应变检测节点设计

本文设计了高精度自组网无线动态应变采集电路。设计采用TI公司的ZIGBEE解决方案进行无线自组网网络建立,采用恒流式电桥提高传感器的抗干扰能力和精度,并进行ADC驱动电路的分析设计,并进行现场实验。实验表明该方案具有较好的环境适应性、可维护性并具有优异的采集精度,可以满足大型复杂结构的分布式疲劳测试。     

Screening of the effective cellulose-degradable strain and its application in the production of cellulose bioethanol

Strains from the cellulose-containing environment were collected. Primary screening(by filter-paper Hutchison solid culture medium and sodium carboxymethylcellulose solid culture medium) and reelection(by filter-paper inorganic salt culture medium and sodium carboxymethylcellulosc Congo red coltnre medium) indicated that five strains obtained were best suited for high performance cellulose degradation. Determination of sodium carboxymethylcellulose activity(CMCA) and filter paper activity(FPA) was accomplished for each of the five. The strongest of the five in CMCA and FPA was applied to the production of cellulose bioethanol by separate hydrolysis and fermentation(SHF) and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation(SSF) respectively.     

洋流作用下悬浮隧道动力学行为试验研究

为测试悬浮隧道在洋流作用下的动力学行为,根据流场相似准则和弹性相似准则以及试验条件恰当地进行模型试验设计.考虑到实际流场洋流方向的不确定性,以圆形截面悬浮隧道进行试验,通过测试洋流作用下悬浮隧道管段的应变情况获得悬浮隧道的力学行为.试验模拟测试了在各种不同流速条件下,单节悬浮隧道管段在分别布置2组锚索支撑和布置3组锚索支撑时,悬浮隧道管体结构环向应变和轴向应变及张力腿锚索的轴力.试验表明:(1)管段外侧环向应变较内侧大,内外侧轴向应变相差不大;迎流面环向应变较背流面大,迎流面轴向应变较背流面小;外侧顶面环向应变与底面环向应变相差不大,外侧顶面轴向应变与底面轴向应变也相差不大;(2)增加支撑锚索数量能减小管段结构和锚索的受力;随着流速增加,管段上相同测点的轴向应变、环向应变都随流速的增大呈线性关系变化;(3)管段相同侧锚索轴力随时间的变化趋势基本一致,但受力变化并不均匀,迎流面侧锚索所受拉力随流速增大而线性增大,背流面位置处锚索所受拉力随流速增大呈线性减小后变为压力.     

The Size Effects on Process Design of Micro Deep Drawing

This paper suggested to reformulate cylindrical deep drawing parameters with dimensionless form. A diagram, in which a feasible zone is drawn to bound both the maximal allowable tension and compression stress during the deep drawing process, was established. Since it is presented in a dimensionless form, it may be applied for both conventional and micro deep drawing. Cylindrical cup deep drawing was taken as an example to show the dimensionless process design method. In addition, the size effects should be taken into account. Two kinds of size effects on micro deep drawing were investigated, which can be explained by surface layer model and strain gradient model. Numerical simulations were carried out to compare the strain distribution with or without consideration of size effect.     

Finite Element Analysis for Multi-pass Equal Channel Angular Pressing

Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) is an attractive process method to produce bulk ultra-fine grained materials. There are many experiment evidences showing that the nature of the microstructural evolution in multi-pass ECAP depends on process routes. Isothermal three dimensional FEM simulations for multi-pass ECAP were performed using DEFORM3D finite element code. The material model of 6061Al-T6 was employed. Flow nets, effective strain distribution in the workpiece and loads during multi-pass ECAP using different routes were analysed respectively. The simulations show process routes influence material flow and effective strain distribution in the workpiece obviously but have few influence on loads.     

光纤Bragg光栅粘贴式应变传感器的研究

在分析光纤Bragg光栅的温度应变交叉敏感机理的基础上,设计并制作了一种新型的具有温度补偿和应变增敏效果的光纤Bragg光栅表面粘贴式应变传感器。实验结果表明：传感器的应变敏感性增至原来的1．6倍,温度敏感性降低至封装前的17％,具有良好的温度补偿和应变增敏效果;该传感器可用于对铁路铁轨、桥梁、隧道等的健康监测。     

起重机销轴式测力传感器的设计和应用

介绍了粘贴应变片和激光焊接应变片两种销轴式测力传感器,以及它们各自的优缺点。指出起重机销轴式测力传感器选用激光焊接薄膜应变片,能够收到高精度、高稳定性、好重复性的良好效果。