基于路段能力可靠性的城市交通网络设计

在介绍城市交通网络设计和概率用户平衡配流模型基本思想和内容的基础上,建立了考虑可靠性条件的城市交通网络设计双层规划模型,上层模型在投资约束条件下寻求系统总阻抗最小,下层模型兼顾路段能力可靠性与用户平衡配流条件,从而使城市交通网络备用能力最大,并针对该问题设计了可求得局部或全局最优解的混沌优化启发式算法,最后选用一个小型网络作为算例进行验证。结果说明该模型有一定的实际应用价值且设计的混沌优化算法也较为有效。     

预弯组合梁非线性全过程分析方法

采用材料非线性本构关系研究预弯组合梁的受力行为,建立预弯组合梁从预弯钢梁加荷到结构破坏的非线性全过程分析方法。利用该方法可以对结构的各受力阶段进行模拟计算,得出各阶段预弯钢梁、一期混凝土、二期混凝土的应力和结构变形,并能计算出预弯组合梁的开裂荷载和极限破坏荷载。该方法突破了日本学者提出的以弹性分析法为基础的预弯梁计算理论。利用该方法已完成了十余座预弯组合梁桥的设计分析,取得了良好的计算结果。     

大跨径钢管混凝土劲性骨架拱桥非线性分析

以某实桥工程为研究对象,采用ANSYS建立全桥空间计算模型,对大跨径钢管混凝土劲性骨架拱桥线性和非线性的施工全过程进行受力分析。通过对整个施工全过程内力、应力和挠度的分析,研究其截面刚度随施工变化对大跨径钢管混凝土劲性骨架拱桥非线性的影响,以及施工设计中分环分段的合理性。     

曲线箱梁考虑剪滞效应的几何非线性分析

在考虑箱梁翼缘正应力的剪滞效应和结构竖向挠度的几何非线性影响前提下，依据势能变分原理，推导了薄壁曲线箱梁的非线性控制微分方程，并采用样条配点法和Newton-Raphon迭代法进行求解。算例计算表明，本文结果与有限条的解吻合较好，但本文的方法更经济、简单、实用，可推广于变截面、变曲率薄壁曲线箱梁的计算。     

沥青路面结构非线性分析的现状与展望

阐述了沥青路面所用材料的分类及基本特性,介绍了国内沥青路面结构非线性分析的现状,给出了各类材料在路面受力分析中所用的本构关系,说明了沥青路面结构非线性分析的重要意义与广阔前景。     

单片机在电子车窗控制器中的应用设计

阐述电子车窗控制器的组成、功能、原理,介绍其研制过程、编程思想,并对软件、硬件可靠性作了分析。     

摊铺机压实机构的一种非线性动力学理论研究

借助３自由度的摊铺机压实机构的非线性动力学模型，研究了该压实机构中的有关部件的振动规律，分析了构成这些振动信号的有关成分随激振频率、激振力大小以及熨平板平台自身重量等变化而变化的规律，这些对摊铺的开发研制等具有重要的参考价值。     

软土地基水平受荷桩基础力学性能研究

通过国内不同规范和文献的对比研究以及工程实例分析,建议以桩基地面水平位移达到6 mm的水平荷载作为桩基横轴向容许承载力,或者采用建筑桩基规范桩基水平承载力公式估算。考虑到软土地基桩土作用非线性的特点,引入了NL法对水平受荷桩内力和变形进行分析,建立了软土地基桩基在水平荷载作用下的精确分析方法;在相同的水平荷载作用下,采用m法计算的水平受荷桩变形值和内力值要比采用NL法计算的数值分别增大150%、15%左右,采用m法进行水平受荷桩设计时偏于保守。     

Optimization models for differentiating quality of service levels in probabilistic network capacity design problems

This paper develops various chance-constrained models for optimizing the probabilistic network design problem (PNDP), where we differentiate the quality of service (QoS) and measure the related network performance under uncertain demand. The upper level problem of PNDP designs continuous/discrete link capacities shared by multi-commodity flows, and the lower level problem differentiates the corresponding QoS for demand satisfaction, to prioritize customers and/or commodities. We consider PNDP variants that have either fixed flows (formulated at the upper level) or recourse flows (at the lower level) according to different applications. We transform each probabilistic model into a mixed-integer program, and derive polynomial-time algorithms for special cases with single-row chance constraints. The paper formulates benchmark stochastic programming models by either enforcing to meet all demand or penalizing unmet demand via a linear penalty function. We compare different models and approaches by testing randomly generated network instances and an instance built on the Sioux–Falls network. Numerical results demonstrate the computational efficacy of the solution approaches and derive managerial insights.     

Optimal selection of suspension parameters in large scale vehicle models

Optimum values are selected for the suspension damping and stiffness parameters of complex car models, subjected to road excitation, by applying suitable numerical methodologies. These models result from a detailed finite-element discretisation and possess a relatively large number of degrees of freedom. They also involve strongly nonlinear characteristics, due mostly to large rigid body rotation of some of their components and the properties of the connection elements. First, attention is focused on gaining some insight into the dynamics of the mechanical models examined, resulting when the vehicle passes over roads involving typical geometric profiles. Then, the emphasis is shifted to presenting results obtained by applying appropriate optimisation methodologies. For this purpose, three classes of design criteria are first set up, referring to passenger ride comfort, suspension travel and car road holding and yielding the most important suspension stiffness and damping parameters. Originally, the optimisation is performed by forming a composite cost function and employing a single-objective optimisation method. Since the design criteria are conflicting, a multi-objective optimisation methodology is also set up and applied subsequently.