用于滑油自动加注的油量控制装置

某特种装备有四百个润滑点,分布广且漏点太多,既需要对每个点定量供给滑油,也需要对所有漏点渗漏情况进行监控,同时也要求加油自动化,因此有必要研制能自动加注滑油的油量控制装置以满足上述要求。装置利用布置在不同位置的6个电感式传感器的信号实现阀件与筒体活塞按软件设定程序动作,达到自动加油和监控的目标;设计和制造了装置中重要的专用阀件,依靠软件程序设计弥补了硬件功能上的不足,并对整个装置按实际工况进行了12万次加注油的可靠性试验,其技术性能仍稳定不变。现已应用到两套某特种装备中,使用效果符合预期。     

The multi-objective railway timetable rescheduling problem

Unexpected disruptions occur for many reasons in railway networks and cause delays, cancelations, and, eventually, passenger inconvenience. This research focuses on the railway timetable rescheduling problem from a macroscopic point of view in case of large disruptions. The originality of our approach is to integrate three objectives to generate a disposition timetable: the passenger satisfaction, the operational costs and the deviation from the undisrupted timetable. We formulate the problem as an Integer Linear Program that optimizes the first objective and includes $\epsilon$-constraints for the two other ones. By solving the problem for different values of $\epsilon$, the three-dimensional Pareto frontier can be explored to understand the trade-offs among the three objectives. The model includes measures such as canceling, delaying or rerouting the trains of the undisrupted timetable, as well as scheduling emergency trains. Furthermore, passenger flows are adapted dynamically to the new timetable. Computational experiments are performed on a realistic case study based on a heavily used part of the Dutch railway network. The model is able to find optimal solutions in reasonable computational times. The results provide evidence that adopting a demand-oriented approach for the management of disruptions not only is possible, but may lead to significant improvement in passenger satisfaction, associated with a low operational cost of the disposition timetable.     

Determining the optimal number of seasonal adjustment factor groupings when estimating annual average daily traffic and investigating their characteristics

Although cluster analysis is recommended by the US Traffic Monitoring Guide (TMG) to supplement the development of seasonal adjustment factor groupings (SAFGs), the relationships among SAFGs' characteristics remain undiscovered, while the determination of the optimal number of clusters is an ambiguous task exposed to great subjectivity. Statistical indicators provide a mathematical solution by removing engineering judgment without taking into consideration any guidelines or other criteria, necessary for transportation planners to generate ‘practical and sensible’ groupings. The method examined in this study aims to overcome the above weaknesses incorporating into the methodology a series of statistics, recommendations, and previous research findings. The investigation of the relationships among (1) the within-group variation, (2) the total number of sites, (3) the minimum number of stations within a cluster, (4) the optimal number of clusters, and (5) the geographical size of the groups constitutes the main objectives of this research. According to the results, the cluster variability declines as the available number of stations increases. When the minimum number of stations within a cluster increases, the weighted coefficient of variation inflates as well, with the rate of increase depending on sample size. The average number of automatic traffic recorders per cluster is analogous to the sample size, while the optimal number of clusters varies conversely with the minimum number of stations within a cluster. The application developed for the conduct of the analysis minimizes the computational time needed, while it can be easily implemented by engineers to automate the process recommended by the TMG, enhancing the current state of practice.     

基于Simulink模型的电动汽车传动系优化程序设计

简述了电动汽车的动力传动系统的优化设计技术,自行设计了一种优化传动系速比的方法调用AD—VISOR2002仿真软件中的Simulink模型搭建了优化传动系速比的目标函数,详细介绍了优化程序设计的基本原理与程序代码的实现,并通过实例加以说明和验证。     

机场停机位指派模型及算法

为探索中小型机场停机位指派问题有效合理的解决方法,以乘客最小行走距离为优化目标,建立了中小型机场停机位整数规划指派模型,利用改进的启发式算法进行了求解。该算法可以缩小搜索空间,在最坏情况下的计算复杂度是多项式的,优于CPLEX软件的指数级计算复杂度,具有更高的计算效率;与CPLEX结果相比,距离误差仅为5.2%,指派结果令人满意。     

整体式转向梯形机构的优化设计

转向梯形机构是使汽车转向时实现内、外轮理想转角关系的核心部件。建立了整体式转向梯形机构的数学模型,介绍了基于MATLAB优化工具箱的整体式转向梯形机构的优化设计计算程序。利用该程序,用户可以交互式输入结构基本参数,即可得到优化计算结果,并自动绘制出实际输出角和输出角期望值随输入角的变化曲线,以便用户分析、比较和选择。为转向梯形设计提供了高效、精确的实用方法。     

腹板倾角对波形钢腹板箱梁受力性能的影响

波形钢腹板箱梁是一种新型的钢-砼组合结构,结合其结构特点并以某拟建工程为依托,通过有限元软件对其在不同腹板倾角下的受力状况进行分析,比较各种工况下梁体的跨中挠度、底板砼应力及钢腹板剪应力等受力情况而得出结论,为实桥的设计和施工提供理论依据.     

Optimization models to characterize the broadcast capacity of vehicular ad hoc networks

Broadcast capacity of the entire network is one of the fundamental properties of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). It measures how efficiently the information can be transmitted in the network and usually it is limited by the interference between the concurrent transmissions in the physical layer of the network. This study defines the broadcast capacity of vehicular ad hoc network as the maximum successful concurrent transmissions. In other words, we measure the maximum number of packets which can be transmitted in a VANET simultaneously, which characterizes how fast a new message such as a traffic incident can be transmitted in a VANET. Integer programming (IP) models are first developed to explore the maximum number of successful receiving nodes as well as the maximum number of transmitting nodes in a VANET. The models embed an traffic flow model in the optimization problem. Since IP model cannot be efficiently solved as the network size increases, this study develops a statistical model to predict the network capacity based on the significant parameters in the transportation and communication networks. MITSIMLab is used to generate the necessary traffic flow data. Response surface method and linear regression technologies are applied to build the statistical models. Thus, this paper brings together an array of tools to solve the broadcast capacity problem in VANETs. The proposed methodology provides an efficient approach to estimate the performance of a VANET in real-time, which will impact the efficacy of travel decision making.     

西门子 PLC在电气动系统中的应用

介绍了西门子S7-300系列PLC在电气动系统控制系统中的应用.在该系统中通过LC的程序设计,实现了对各项参数的控制,并对PLC的硬件配置和软件设计作了论述.     

PLC初始状态指令在机械手控制系统中的应用

初始状态指令的功能是自动设置初始状态和特殊辅助继电器.这条指令可以完成很多动作,使控制程序变得非常简单.在机械手的PLC控制系统中采用该指令可以大大提高编程和开发效率.