自密实混凝配合比设计方法研究

研究了自密实混凝土(SCC)的配合比设计方法。试验证实,一般高性能混凝土(HPC)的配合比设计方法难以适用于自密实混凝土;本文提出了以经验数据为基础的设计方法—经验推导法,可以设计出满足自密实混凝土性能要求的配合比方案。     

采用DAT添加剂的温拌沥青路用性能

为了对比研究热拌与DAT温拌沥青混合料的路用性能的不同,首先研究掺加沥青质量10％的DAT对SBS改性沥青的影响;其次,根据规范对AC-5型混合料按照室内拌和及成型温度制作马歇尔试件,测定各项指标,将温拌沥青混合料与热拌沥青混合料路用性能进行对比分析．试验结果表明：温拌剂DAT对SBS改性沥青影响不大,在拌合和成型温度上较热拌降低15℃前提下,DAT温拌沥青混合料高温稳定性能有所提高,水稳定性、低温稳定性有所下降,但仍符合规范要求．     

Riks弧长法在压杆非线性屈曲分析中的应用

为了得到单轴压缩杆件考虑几何非线性时的后屈曲特性,介绍Riks弧长法的基本原理,并以工字钢为例,说明Riks弧长法在压杆非线性屈曲分析中的应用.结果表明,考虑初始缺陷后,压杆的屈曲强度大大减小,且屈曲强度对缺陷因子极为敏感.该研究可为单轴压缩杆件的非线性屈曲分析提供参考.     

A dense water outflow from the Ross Sea, Antarctica: Mixing and the contribution of tides

We use hydrographic, current, and microstructure measurements, and tide-forced ocean models, to estimate benthic and interfacial mixing impacting the evolution of a bottom-trapped outflow of dense shelf water from the Drygalski Trough in the northwestern Ross Sea. During summer 2003 an energetic outflow was observed from the outer shelf ( 500 m isobath) to the  1600 m isobath on the continental slope. Outflow thickness was as great as  200 m, and mean speeds were  0.6 m s^− 1 relative to background currents exceeding  1 m s^− 1 that were primarily tidal in origin. No outflow was detected on the slope in winter 2004, although a thin layer of dense shelf water was present on the outer shelf. When the outflow was well-developed, the estimated benthic stress was of order one Pascal and the bulk Froude number over the upper slope exceeded one. Diapycnal scalar diffusivity (K_z) values in the transition region at the top of the outflow, estimated from Thorpe-scale analysis of potential density and measurements of microscale temperature gradient from sensors attached to the CTD rosette, were of order 10^− 3−10^− 2 m² s^− 1. For two cases where the upper outflow boundary was particularly sharply defined, entrainment rate w_e was estimated from K_z and bulk outflow parameters to be  10^− 3 m s^− 1 ( 100 m day^− 1). A tide-forced, three-dimensional primitive equation ocean model with Mellor-Yamada level 2.5 turbulence closure scheme for diapycnal mixing yields results consistent with a significant tidal role in mixing associated with benthic stress and shear within the stratified ocean interior.     

利用均匀设计确定混凝土最佳配合比

利用均匀设计进行混凝土配制 ,探索水泥用量、水灰比、砂率和外加剂 4个因素对混凝土的影响 ,通过建立数学模型和回归分析 ,寻找 4个因素对其内在规律和影响程度 ,并寻求最佳混凝土配合比。     

Audi轿车外形设计研究

文章以Audi牌轿车外形为基础,AudiA4轿车为主线,通过对Audi轿车外形总体评价、造型与生产工艺的关系及车身尺寸比例3个部分,深入地阐述了Audi轿车外形设计的发展过程和造型特点。第1部分通过图片展示,着重解释了车头、车尾、前照灯、尾灯及侧围特征线的设计意图;第2部分通过车型对比,探讨车身各部分活装件装配工艺与造型之间的关系;第3部分对Audi轿车外形演变进行了总结,并预测了外形未来发展的趋势。     

预埋粗骨料高压灌浆修复桥墩

介绍预埋粗骨料高压灌浆法修复桥墩的设计及施工,检测结果表明,该工艺可行。     

港口工程中贫混凝土基层结构设计及配合比研究

介绍港口工程中贫混凝土基层结构的设计和计算方法;从施工角度对贫混凝土材料的配合比进行了试验和研究,旨在为该材料的合理配制提供有益的借鉴和参考。     

高速公路路基土石方计算几点影响因素

路基土石方数量计算是一项烦琐的工作,能否合理地确定勘察设计中路基土石方数量,直接影响公路建设的投资及经济技术方案的比较。对影响高速公路路基土石方计算的几个主要因素进行分析,参照实例讨论如何准确、合理地进行土石方数量的计算与调配。     

A trace metal (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu) balance for surface waters in the eastern Gotland Basin, Baltic Sea

Trace metal inventories and transboundary fluxes were estimated for the surface waters of the eastern Gotland Basin, and a mass balance for this water body was derived.The study area was delineated by a box which bordered vertically by the sea surface and the halocline and horizontally by the coast of Gotland and the coast of Latvia/Lithuania. For the calculation of the trace metal inventories in the box, a high-resolution sampling was carried out during different seasons. Additional sediment trap studies were performed to calculate the vertical particulate trace metal fluxes through the halocline.The following transboundary fluxes have been estimated: (a) atmospheric input of trace metals; (b) lateral transport from adjacent bodies of surface water; (c) diapycnal fluxes of dissolved trace metals at the halocline; (d) sinking of trace metals, associated with particles, through the halocline, (e) vertical advection through the halocline.The lateral transport into and out of the surface box is important for the metals (Cd, Cu, Zn) with “nutrient-like” behaviour. For particle reactive elements like lead, vertical sedimentation and lateral transport out of the box as much as atmospheric input and lateral input into the box are in the same order of magnitude. Turbulent diapycnal mixing plays a minor role compared to the advective fluxes.The estimated range for the residence times for the region under investigation are  0.5–1.3 years for Pb;  2–11 years for Zn,  7–36 years for Cd and 42–89 years for Cu. This demonstrates that the system reacts very fast for particle reactive elements like Pb, while for copper sedimentation processes are not the preferential sink and can be neglected.