Shockwave-based queue estimation approach for undersaturated and oversaturated signalized intersections using multi-source detection data

With the progress of information and sensing technologies, estimating vehicular queue length at signalized intersections becomes feasible and has attracted considerable attention. The existing studies provided a solid theoretical foundation for the estimation; however, the studies have some restrictions or limitations more or less. This paper presents a new methodology for estimating vehicular queue length at signalized intersections using multi-source detection data under both undersaturated and oversaturated conditions. The methodology applies the shockwave theory to model queue dynamics. Using data from probe vehicles and point detectors, analytical formulations for calculating the maximum and minimum (residual) queue lengths of each cycle are developed. Ground truth data were collected from numerical experiments conducted at two intersections in Shanghai, China, to verify the proposed methodology. It is found that the methodology has mean absolute percentage errors of 17.09% and 12.28%, respectively, for maximum queue length estimation in two tests, which are reasonably effective. However, the methodology is unsatisfactory in estimating the residual queue length. Other limitations of the proposed models and algorithms are also discussed in the paper.     

信息影响条件下考虑出行异质性的路径选择模型

出行者路径选择行为的研究对于预测城市交通流时空分布规律及维持网络经济、高效运转具有重要意义.为了探究多类型异质出行者路径选择行为的异同,研究了基于累积前景理论的多类别异质出行者路径选择模型.通过定义出行者参考点,引入考虑时间价值系数的风险敏感系数计算方法,以保证异质出行者拥有异质的风险偏好,研究分析了是否提供实时路况信息2种情境下常规通行者与通勤者路径选择行为的异同.数值算例表明,拥有较大参考点的出行者更倾向于保守地选择一条出行时间较长的道路,而其他人则更加冒险.此外,与通勤者相比,当备选方案均可以满足自身出行需求且自身参考点足够大时,常规出行者更愿意忽视风险,以获得更高的出行收益.     

船舶能效数据清洗方法研究

船舶能效数据清洗对于建立准确的船舶能效模型,提高船舶能效计算和分析的准确度,指导船舶节能航行具有重要意义.对船舶能效数据的故障特征进行了分析,运用阈值理论、船舶航行关联理论对故障数据进行了识别,运用插值法和灰色关联理论方法对水深、对水航速以及主机油耗数据中的异常数据进行修正,并且根据数据错误特征和数据清洗方法制定了船舶能效数据清洗流程,以内河邮轮"凯娅号"船舶上安装的船舶能效数据采集系统采集到的能效数据为研究对象,对数据清洗结果进行了分析.结果表明,水深数据修正值与实测值平均误差为1.58%,油耗数据、对水航速数据修正值与实测值平均误差为2.8%,1.5%,误差较小,能够满足后续建模以及数据挖掘等工作.     

Method for obtaining the wheel–rail contact location and its application to the normal problem calculation through ‘CONTACT’

This work presents a robust methodology for calculating inter-penetration areas between railway wheel and rail surfaces, the profiles of which are defined by a series of points. The method allows general three-dimensional displacements of the wheelset to be considered, and its characteristics make it especially suitable for dynamic simulations where the wheel–rail contact is assumed to be flexible. The technique is based on the discretisation of the geometries of the surfaces in contact, considering the wheel as a set of truncated cones and the rail as points. By means of this approach, it is possible to reduce the problem to the calculation of the intersections between cones and lines, the solution for which has a closed-form expression. The method has been used in conjunction with the CONTACT algorithm in order to solve the static normal contact problem when the lateral displacement of the wheelset, its yaw angle and the vertical force applied in the wheelset centroid are prescribed. The results consist of smooth functions when the dependent coordinates are represented as a function of the independent ones, lacking the jump discontinuities that are present when a rigid contact model is adopted. Example results are shown and assessed for the normal contact problem for different lateral and yaw positions of the wheelset on the track.     

钢管混凝土拱桥在车辆荷载作用下的非线性动力响应分析

根据随动硬化理论和钢管混凝土组合材料恢复力模型 ,提出了复杂应力状态下钢管混凝土组合材料的弹塑性应力应变关系。采用非线性有限元法 ,对一钢管混凝土拱桥进行移动车辆荷载作用下车—桥体系的动力响应分析 ,并进一步研究钢管混凝土组合材料进入塑性后对体系振动的影响 ,取得了较满意的结果 ,为钢管混凝土拱桥动力性能评价提供参考。     

基于响应面法的桥面结构可靠度近似计算

结合南城大桥工程背景,在利用大型有限元计算程序对桥面结构进行受力分析的基础上,应用响应面法的理论和方法对桥面结构的可靠度进行近似计算。     

沥青混合料转运车模型试验研究

在分析沥青混合料转运车的工作原理及作用的基础上,根据相似理论,设计了沥青混合料转运车相似模型,试验揭示了其结构参数对改善沥青混合料离析程度的影响,得出了材料离析率与螺旋轴转速、螺距及螺旋半径之间的关系,为沥青混合料转运车的设计开发提供科学可靠的依据。     

部分剪力连接钢-混凝土组合梁附加变形计算

本文在滑移应变微分方程的基础上 ,建立部分剪力连接钢 -混凝土简支组合梁由滑移引起的附加变形方程及组合梁变形计算的一般公式 ,得到了部分剪力连接简支组合梁的附加变形和变形与剪力连接程度系数之间的关系与规律 ,公式简单实用     

岩溶富水区深埋水沟排水隧道注浆圈参数研究

为合理确定深埋水沟排水方式下隧道注浆圈特征参数,以某岩溶富水区隧道工程为依托,采用FLAC3D软件建立流固耦合计算模型,针对其注浆圈参数进行合理探讨,研究注浆圈厚度、注浆圈渗透性对隧道涌水量、衬砌水压力、结构安全性的影响规律。研究结果表明： 增加注浆圈厚度或降低注浆圈渗透性可降低衬砌水压、控制涌水量、保障结构安全,但并不代表实际工程中注浆参数需要追求最值,而应兼顾安全性和经济性,选取相对合理的注浆参数;结合模拟计算结果与同类工程案例,建议依托工程注浆圈厚度以5～6 m、渗透性比值以注浆前的1/50（渗透系数为2×10-6 cm/s）为宜,并应结合实际进行技术经济对比,合理确定现场注浆参数。