山地城市地下快速路方案设计研究——以烟台市塔山北路快速路为例

以烟台市塔山北路快速路工程为例,提出山地城市地下快速路的总体设计、交叉节点、防灾救援及智慧隧道方案。根据“两山夹一城”的地势条件,对穿城段方案进行了浅埋暗挖、叠层明挖和平铺明挖的综合比选,推荐平铺明挖方案,采用隧-桥-隧结合形式,实现“长隧短做”,有效地降低了工程风险、难度和造价,以及机电系统的复杂程度和运维难度,为相似工程的方案和设计提供了可参考的经验。     

山区公园跨水域拱桥设计方案研究

在城市里,桥梁既是交通的纽带也是建筑美学的表达,特别当桥梁位于公园里,又会成为提升区域景观品质、改善生态环境、美化城市形象的复合景观。以深圳市阳台山森林公园内跨高峰水库拱桥为研究对象,对其方案选型、结构构造、施工方案等进行分析,过程体现创新、环保与经济的特点,实现功能与艺术景观的良好结合。该桥具有高桥位、大纵坡、地面持力层较深等特点,针对该桥开展相关研究,为今后同类型桥的设计与施工提供一定的借鉴参考。     

山地城市控制性详细规划编制模式的创新与实践探索

山地城市由于地形起伏较大,工程地质复杂,增加了城市规划中道路交通规划的难度。该文通过重庆市蔡家组团的控制性详细规划(以下简称控规)的编制,探索出一种新的控规编制模式,即引入专业的道路设计单位,采用道路工程设计的手段和方法,完成道路交通专项规划编制。采用新模式提高了道路交通规划编制的深度,确保城市规划的可实施性和经济性,提升了控规编制的质量,明显减少了城市建设阶段对控规的调整工作。     

磁左省道山区高边坡柔性防护工艺研究

采用SNS柔性防护系统对边坡进行防护,投资少,效果好,安全可靠。磁左省道山区高边坡采用柔性防护技术,取得了良好的效果,为柔性防护山区上边坡的施工工艺积累了新的经验．值得推广应用。     

山区高速公路总体设计探析

路线设计是山区高速公路工程总体设计的关键,对于山区复杂的地形地质条件、动植物环境、人文背景来说,路线设计决定工程设计是否先进、合理、经济以及是否符合可持续发展的要求。     

Part I: Externalities and economic policies in road transport

Road transport imposes negative externalities on society. These externalities include environmental and road damage, accidents, congestion, and oil dependence. The cost of these externalities to society is in general not reflected in the current market prices in the road transport sector.An efficient mobility model for the future must take into account the true costs of transport and its regulatory framework will need to create incentives for people to make sustainable transport choices. This paper discusses the use of economic instruments to correct road transport externalities, but gives relatively more weight to the problem of carbon emissions from road transport, as this is particularly challenging, given its global and long-term nature.Economics offers two types of instruments for addressing the problem of transport externalities: command-and-control and incentive-based policies.Command-and-control policies are government regulations which force consumers and producers to change their behaviour. They are the most widely used policy instruments. Examples include vehicle emission and fuel standards in the US as well as driving or parking restrictions in Singapore. The implementation cost of these instruments to the government is small. Although from an economic perspective these policies often fail to achieve an efficient market outcome, the presence of political constraints often make them the preferred option, in terms of feasibility and effectiveness.Economic theory shows how policies, which affect consumption and production incentives, can be used to achieve the optimal outcome in the presence of externalities. Incentive-based policies function within a new or an altered market. We first examine incentive-based policies, which cap the aggregate amount of the externality, such as carbon emissions, by allocating permits or rights to the emitters. The emitters are then free to trade their permits amongst them. The permit allocation mechanism is important-although market efficiency would be satisfied by an auction, political influences usually favour a proportional allocation based on historic emissions. We discuss EU ETS as an example of a cap-and-trade system, however, no such policy for CO₂ emissions in road transport has been implemented anywhere in the world to date.Fiscal instruments are, like command-and-control, widely used in road transport, because they are relatively cheap and simple to implement. They include the use of taxes and charges in order to bridge the gap between private and the social costs and, in principle, can lead to an efficient market solution. Registration, ownership, fuel, emissions, usage taxes, and parking and congestion charges have been implemented in many countries around the world. On the other side of the spectrum, subsidies can be given to those scrapping old cars and buying fuel-efficient vehicles. Some cities, such as London, have implemented congestion charges and many states in the United States have introduced high occupancy lanes. Other interesting possibilities include pay-as-you-drive insurance and other usage charges. However, the size and scope of taxes and subsidies are determined by governments, and because of their imperfect knowledge of the market the outcome is still likely to be inefficient.Governments have many effective economic instruments to create a sustainable road transport model. These instruments can be used separately or together, but their implementation will be necessary in the nearest future.     

浅谈山岭重丘区高速公路地基处理方法

随着高速公路网的细化,高速公路也从平原微丘区向山岭重丘区延伸,同时在高速公路地基处理方面也迎来了新的挑战。通过山西省几条高速公路地基处理的经验,做了归纳,总结出高填方路基、特殊性岩土、采空区、滑坡等山岭重丘区高速公路地基的处理方法。     

山区高速公路改扩建不同设计方案环境影响比较

山岭重丘区高速公路改扩建,不同的设计方案对环境的影响和破坏程度是有差异的。文中分环境要素比较了山岭重丘区高速公路改扩建不同设计方案对环境的影响程度。通过分别比较不同的建设方案、不同的改扩建路基形式、不同的路基加宽方案对环境的影响程度,提出对于山岭重丘区高速公路改扩建,在现有路线通道尚未充分发挥其潜能的情况下,尽量选择改扩建方案,以避免新建复线工程对环境的破坏影响;路基改扩建形式以单侧整体式路基加宽为宜,同时结合实际地形、地质情况,对不宜采用整体式加宽的局部路段,采用单侧分离式路基加宽形式。     

浅谈山区公路路线线型设计的体会

针对山区地形地貌特点,结合西柏坡公路的设计,对山区公路路线设计中的设计标准、平面设计方法、竖曲线半径布设、曲线间最小直线长度、超高值、缓和曲线长度以及超高过渡等进行了分析和探讨。     

隧道沥青路面施工技术探讨

近几年随着高速公路由平原微丘区向山岭重丘区发展,高速公路上的桥梁和隧道里程占的比例越来越大,如何在桥梁群、隧道群、长大隧道中施工好沥青路面,对施工组织管理技术提出了很高要求.