Crash prediction model for two-lane rural highways in the Ashanti region of Ghana

Crash Prediction Models (CPMs) have been used elsewhere as a useful tool by road Engineers and Planners. There is however no study on the prediction of road traffic crashes on rural highways in Ghana. The main objective of the study was to develop a prediction model for road traffic crashes occurring on the rural sections of the highways in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. The model was developed for all injury crashes occurring on selected rural highways in the Region over the three (3) year period 2005–2007. Data was collected from 76 rural highway sections and each section varied between 0.8 km and 6.7 km. Data collected for each section comprised injury crash data, traffic flow and speed data, and roadway characteristics and road geometry data. The Generalised Linear Model (GLM) with Negative Binomial (NB) error structure was used to estimate the model parameters. Two types of models, the ‘core’ model which included key exposure variables only and the ‘full’ model which included a wider range of variables were developed. The results show that traffic flow, highway segment length, junction density, terrain type and presence of a village settlement within road segments were found to be statistically significant explanatory variables (p < 0.05) for crash involvement. Adding one junction to a 1 km section of road segment was found to increase injury crashes by 32.0% and sections which had a village settlement within them were found to increase injury crashes by 60.3% compared with segments with no settlements. The model explained 61.2% of the systematic variation in the data. Road and Traffic Engineers and Planners can apply the crash prediction model as a tool in safety improvement works and in the design of safer roads. It is recommended that to improve safety, highways should be designed to by-pass village settlements and that the number of junctions on a highway should be limited to carefully designed ones.     

汾邢高速公路榆社—和顺段北线走廊带方案研究

结合山区地形条件,对典型路段的方案进行比选分析,可供相关专业的工程设计人员参考。     

公交线路对双车道交通流的影响分析

采用元胞自动机模型对具有公交线路的双车道混合交通系统进行建模和模拟分析. 通过绘制系统的基本图和右车道上车辆占有率分析了公交线路对双车道车流演化特性以及运行效率的影响,并针对港湾式和非港湾式两种停靠方式的优劣进行比较. 研究结果显示,系统中存在四个车流演化特性不同的密度区域;系统中公交车数量增多会导致最大流量降低;港湾式停靠站的公交线路系统对车流的影响小,系统流量大,优于非港湾式停靠站的公交线路系统.     

关于山区河流码头施工水位的讨论

三峡成库后,经验取值的方法不再适用于内河山区河流码头建设的施工水位确定。以寸滩码头为例,分析了码头所在河段天然情况下历年各月平均水位、成库后各月水位后,得出可连续施工天数;结合工程量,将其与预计施工工期对比,再视特殊具体洪水情况,作出调整。该方法较传统经验取值法更为准确、合理,对施工质量及经济效益等方面都有积极作用。     

纬地道路辅助设计软件在低等级公路设计中数据编制与应用

随着计算机的逐渐普及和电子科技的高度发展,甩掉绘图板及纸上绘图已不再是一句口号,利用计算机进行设计和绘图在整个设计行业已呈渐渐普及之势,而如何应用软件及熟练操作软件进行设计则成为首先需要解决的问题。     

重庆城市道路交叉口进口道通行能力调查研究

城市道路交叉口的通行能力是城市交通规划管理的基础参数。山地城市交叉口通行能力受多种因素影响,与平原区交叉口通行能力差别较大。通过分析交叉口通行能力的影响因素,选取具有代表性的交叉口,对其几何特征、交通特征进行观测,分析计算车头时距和启动延误数据,得到交叉口进口道的可能通行能力,发现山地城市交叉口一条进口道的可能通行能力比普通地区交叉口通行能力低200～400 PCU。     

结合交通部公路设计新理念谈山区公路路线设计

路线设计是公路工程设计的基础和灵魂,路线设计的好坏直接影响着整个工程优劣和造价,山区复杂的地形、地质等条件更决定了其路线设计的复杂性。该文从交通部公路设计新理念理论体系着手,分析了山区公路路线设计的特点,结合具体设计实践,总结了新理念下山区公路路线设计的基本原则,并提出在山区公路路线设计中贯彻和落实新理念所需注重的问题。     

基于实测速度的山区双车道公路运行速度预测模型研究

在充分研究国内外关于运行速度预测方法的基础上,以北京黄关公路为研究对象,基于实测运行速度并结合山区双车道公路的特点,回归以路线平、纵面的主要参数为变量的运行速度预测模型,并以实测运行速度验证预测模型的有效性。该模型合理、实用,可为开展基于运行速度的山区双车道公路安全性评价提供依据。     

浅谈山区高速公路景观设计

针对山区高速公路建设和环境保护的矛盾,结合山区高速公路景观工程设计和施工实践,提出山区高速公路景观设计的关键和思路,实现公路建设和环境保护的和谐统一.     

山区高速公路运营安全信息监测指标及采集方式

为提高山区高速公路的运营安全管理水平,更好地指导山区高速公路信息监测工作,从运营管理安全的角度分析研究山区高速公路信息监测的指标及采集手段。首先分析山区高速公路的安全影响因素和安全管理信息需求,将纳入监测需求的动态信息分为交通运行状态、自然环境安全性和基础设施安全性信息三类;然后针对每类监测信息提出山区高速公路的重点监测指标和采集方式;最后通过案例分析验证检测指标及采集方式的应用性。