馈能电力测功机的研制及其在轿车变速器试验中的应用

传统的测功设备是以水力测功机或电涡流测功机为主,所消耗的燃油和电能较高。介绍了一种机电耦合系统内馈能电力拖动?测功机组,克服了上述测功机的不足。该系统属于多轴混合型电力拖动系统,电能在系统内部形成回馈及再利用。它主要由馈能电机、驱动电机、同步发电机及用于吸收机械功率发出电力的交流发电机、励磁控制器、主控制台、主频调速器等组成。     

Hazard perception test development for Lithuanian drivers

Hazard perception tests may not be transferable between different countries, due to differences in traffic culture and infrastructure. Therefore, different instruments might be necessary for assessing hazard perception in various countries. The aim of the current study was to develop the Lithuanian hazard perception test based on static traffic images and test its psychometric properties. Thirty-four experienced drivers participated in a pilot study, and 125 drivers with diverse driving experience took part in the main study. The final test contained 27 static traffic scenes and the participants were asked to respond if they saw a hazard or not. Results demonstrated that the test has satisfactory internal consistency and test-retest reliability. It differentiated between inexperienced and experienced drivers, and between those experienced drivers who had less than three or more than three crashes in their driving history. The test has sufficient psychometric properties for research; still further development is needed in order to apply it for individual testing and decisions about licence provision.     

Increasing urban tram system efficiency,with battery storage and electric vehicle charging

This paper examines the possible placement of Energy Storage Systems (ESS) on an urban tram system for the purpose of exploring potential increases in operating efficiency through the examination of different locations for battery energy storage. Further, the paper suggests the utilisation of Electric Vehicle (EV) batteries at existing Park and Ride (P&R) sites as a means of achieving additional energy storage at these locations. The study achieves this through MATLAB modelling utilising captured GPS data and publically available information. This study examines the scenario of uni-directional substations with no interconnection between the overhead catenary for both directions of travel, and discusses the trade-offs between ESS size and required current limits.The results show the savings in both energy and basic CO₂ emissions alongside the discussion of Return on Investment (RoI) that can be achieved through the potential installation of ESS at identified ideal locations along the tram network. Moreover, this may be extended to the use of EVs as stationary ESS sited at the existing P&R facilities. Further, the model may also be used to inform future infrastructure upgrades and potential improvements to air quality within urban environments.     

我国长头重卡的现状与发展浅析

本文结合我国国情和重卡行业的变化综述了长头重卡的主要技术优势和其在国内市场存在的障碍,并分析了长头重卡重回市场的有利条件。     

冷却液集中过滤处理系统中浓度自动配比设计

冷却液集中过滤处理系统中浓度自动配比设计。本文介绍了某项目中,冷却液处理系统的浓度自动配比功能。采用触摸屏和PLC相结合,具有方便的人机对话功能,可靠的控制性能,获得了良好的效果。     

高含水量对曼谷软土水泥土不排水剪切强度特性的影响

通过开展固结不排水三轴剪切试验,研究了曼谷软土水泥土在高含水量下的固结不排水剪切特性。结果发现:当水泥含量＜10 %时,水泥土处于轻微的超固结或正常固结应力状态,但当水泥含量≥10 %时,则呈现出典型的超固结应力状态;当水泥含量≥10 %时,侧向应力对水泥土的强度影响不大,水泥土的强度受含水量的影响较大;而当水泥含量＜10 %时,水泥土的强度与水泥含量、侧压力均成正比。同时预测了高含水量下养护28天水泥土的三轴固结不排水剪切峰值强度与含水量与水泥含量的比值的经验函数关系。     

Studies on the block positioning metrics system for the hull erection stage

In ship hull production, the accuracy of management activities is extremely important. The block positioning operation in the erection stage is a key process in such management. The quality of the block positioning determines not only the accuracy of the final hull, but also the productivity and cost at the erection stage. We have previously proposed the basic concepts of computer-aided accuracy management. Accuracy management activities consist of "accuracy planning activities" and "accuracy measurement activities." Accuracy measurement activities involve checking and coping with inaccuracy. We have also proposed a system of accuracy measurement metrics: one is accuracy for completion (e.g., straightness, flatness), and the other is accuracy for construction (e.g., the relative joint shapes of each part). This paper explains the detailed accuracy metrics for a block positioning operation in the erection stage. The quality of the block positioning operation is estimated by this system: the accuracy of the completed hull can be evaluated by the concept of tolerance, and the accuracy of the construction process can be evaluated by the concept of labor costs. The prototype of this accuracy metrics system is then implemented. This metrics system is combined with the optimization software program iSIGHT to decide the best block positioning process. Then some examples of the block position optimizing process are shown. Received: November 2, 2001 / Accepted: December 6, 2001     

气门机构中的液力间隙调节器

现代汽车发动机，尤其是轿车发动机，已普遍采用液力间隙调节器的气门机构，根据国外的有关文献，阐述了ＨＬＡ的结构形式，工作原理，采用ＨＬＡ的优点和可能存在的总是并对ＨＬＡ的设计特点，检验项目和检验方法，以及对其某些特性的研究进行了介绍。     

汽油机稀薄燃烧研究的新进展——从GDI到HCCI

论述了GDI采用分层稀薄燃烧的工作特点,详细分析了其开发使用中的难点问题。同时,对被称为第4种燃烧方式的均质混合气压燃模式进行了介绍,总结和分析了它有可能大幅度提高汽油机热效率和降低NOx排放的特点和原因,并提出它在全工况平面内的着火燃烧控制方面的难度。通过分析认为,GDI与HCCI方式的有机结合可能是未来高效低污染汽油机的发展方向。