宫颈癌细胞凋亡及Fas、FasL基因的表达

目的　检测宫颈癌中Fas、FasL的表达和宫颈癌细胞凋亡。方法　采用免疫组织化学SP法对 47例宫颈癌、1 6例宫颈上皮内瘤样变 (CIN)、1 0例慢性宫颈炎及 1 0例正常宫颈中Fas和FasL的表达进行检测 ;并采用TUNEL技术 ,对 47例宫颈癌细胞凋亡进行原位观察。结果　Fas和FasL在宫颈癌中表达与CIN、慢性宫颈炎及正常宫颈有显著性差异 (P <0 0 1 ) ,并且与宫颈癌细胞的分化程度有关 ;宫颈癌细胞凋亡与癌细胞分化程度、临床分期有关 (P <0 0 5 )。Fas和FasL表达阳性的宫颈癌细胞凋亡均高于Fas和FasL阴性组 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　Fas及FasL对宫颈癌细胞凋亡具有促进作用。基因治疗特异性改变凋亡阈限有利于改变宫颈癌的自然进程。     

食管内外气体造影CT的临床实验研究

食管癌的最佳治疗计划需要确定诊断的准确资料，食管内外气体造影电子计算机Ｘ线断层摄影（ＣＴＩＥＩＥ）可同时显示食管粘膜病变及食管肿瘤外侵与周围组织器官的直接征象，故提供的临床资料明显优于Ｘ线、ＣＴ平扫及有关检查。ＣＴＩＥＩＥ动物实验及临床研究证实无生理、病理性损害，未出现任何并发症。作者认为，该方法操作简便安全，在食管癌的诊治和评价预后方面具有一定的实用价值。     

病毒性肝炎、肝癌与肝移植

原位肝移植已走过42年历程。目前肝移植1年存活率已攀升到88%,手术死亡率已降至0。不伴有肝硬化和能切除的肝细胞癌患者应首选肝切除术;有肝硬化者需行肝移植;晚期肝癌不宜肝移植。手术前、后联合应用乙型肝炎免疫球蛋和拉米夫定,可使患乙型肝炎者接受肝移植的长期疗效与其他肝病受者相媲美。没有肝移植条件的医院不提倡开展肝移植。     

结肠癌中hTERT、p21(WAF1/CIP1)的表达及二者相关性研究

目的　探讨hTERT和 p2 1(WAF1/CIP1) (以下简称p2 1)在结肠癌发病中的作用及其相互关系。方法　采用原位杂交和SABC免疫组化技术 ,分别检测 45例结肠癌、10例结肠腺瘤及 10例正常结肠组织中hTERT和 p2 1的表达。结果　hTERT、p2 1阳性反应不仅见于结肠癌 (阳性率分别为 88.9%、46.7% ) ,而且也见于结肠腺瘤 (阳性率分别为 50 .0 %、10 .0 % ) ;结肠癌中hTERT阳性率在晚临床分期 (C +D)病例中增高 (P <0 .0 5) ,而p2 1阳性率在低分化癌及晚临床分期 (C +D)病例中降低 (P <0 .0 5) ;结肠癌中hTERT表达与p2 1表达有相关性 (P <0 .0 5)。结论　hTERT表达和p2 1缺乏均与结肠癌发生有关 ,其表达变化可用于评估结肠癌的生物学行为和判定预后 ,且hTERT较 p2 1更具参考价值     

大黄素和黄芪多糖对大鼠实验性肝癌的抑制作用

目的研究大黄素与黄芪多糖对大鼠实验性肝癌的抑制作用并探讨其机制。方法采用二乙基亚硝胺(dieth-ylnitrosamine,DEN)诱发大鼠肝癌模型。50只清洁级雄性SD大鼠随机分为5组:正常对照组、肝癌模型组(DEN诱癌)、大黄素组(诱癌同时给大黄素)、黄芪多糖组(诱癌同时给黄芪多糖)、大黄素和黄芪多糖联合给药组(诱癌同时联合用大黄素和黄芪多糖干预),每组10只。联合灌胃14周。实验第18周处死所有大鼠,检测血清ALT、ALP、γ-GT和AFU,并行肝脏病理检查,用SABC法检测谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GST-P)、转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)的表达情况。结果造模各组大鼠的ALT、ALP、-γGT、AFU均明显升高(P<0.05),两种药物干预可以减轻肝脏损害(P<0.05)。病理检查证实各实验组大鼠均诱发出肝癌。两种药物均能减少GST-P和TGF-β1的表达(P<0.05),但联合应用未显示明显的协同作用。结论大黄素、黄芪多糖干预治疗可以减轻肝损害,降低肝癌标志物GST-P的表达。抑癌作用可能与这两种药物抑制了肝癌组织TGF-β1的表达有关。     

宫颈癌组织中erbB3、erbB4的表达及意义

目的　探讨erbB3、erbB4在宫颈癌中的表达及意义。方法　应用免疫组织化学HGH SABC方法检测了 5 0例宫颈癌组织 (鳞癌、腺癌各 2 5例 )、15例正常宫颈上皮组织中erbB3、erbB4的表达。结果　宫颈癌组织中erbB3、erbB4阳性表达率显著高于正常宫颈上皮组织 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,两者表达呈显著正相关关系 (r =0 .5 872 ,P <0 .0 0 1)。鳞癌中erbB3、erbB4的表达高于腺癌 ,但无统计学差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。erbB3、erbB4的表达与癌细胞分化程度呈负相关、与临床分期 (FIGO分期 )呈正相关 ,但无论erbB3、erbB4单独表达或同时表达均与宫颈癌预后无统计学意义。结论　erbB3、erbB4在宫颈癌发生发展中可能起到一定作用 ,可以预测宫颈癌恶性程度 ,但不能作为宫颈癌预后独立评价指标     

胃癌中内分泌细胞及其意义

应用免疫组化ABC法对48例胃癌进行胃泌素、生长抑素、胰高血糖素标记。结果胃泌素阳性14例（29．2％），生长抑素阳性9例（18．7％），两者均阳性者6例（12．5％）。未分化腺癌中内分泌细胞阳性率较高分化腺癌高。胃泌素阳性组其浆膜浸润率13／14例（92．9％），淋巴结转移率11／14例（78．5％），明显高于阴性组（P<0.01）。生长抑素阳性组浆膜浸润率6／9例（66．7％），淋巴结转移率4／9例（44．4％），与阴性组相比均无明显差异（P＞0．05），提示胃泌素有促进癌细胞生长的作用，癌细胞生长愈活跃，其侵袭能力愈强，转移率愈高。     

The expressions and significance of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in human pancreatic carcinoma

Objective To study the expressions of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in pancreatic carcinoma and their relationship with tumor invasion, local metastasis and prognosis of the carcinoma. Methods The expressions of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 were examined in 32 patients with pancreatic carcinomas by S-P immunohistochemical technique and the correlation with pathological tumor parameters were analyzed. Survival analysis was made by using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results The positive rates of MMP-2, TIMP-2 in 32 patients with pancreatic carcinoma were 56.25% and 75.00%, which were significantly higher than those of the controls（P〈0.05）. Expressions of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 were independent of sex, age, histological grading and type, but well correlated with the lymph node metastasis and TNM clinical staging （Ⅰ and Ⅲ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ ）. There was a significant association between MMP-2, TIMP-2 and prognosis in pancreatic carcinoma. Conclusion MMP-2 and TIMP-2 might be useful markers for biological aggressiveness of this malignancy and might contribute to the invasive properties of pancreatic carcinoma, which can be used to evaluate the prognosis of patients.     

SCC-Ag、CEA在肺癌患者血清中的表达及临床意义

目的　探讨肺癌患者治疗前后血清鳞状细胞癌抗原 (SCC Ag)和癌胚抗原 (CEA)的表达及临床意义。方法　利用全自动快速粒子酶免疫分析系统 (IMX) ,检测 134例肺癌患者治疗前后血清SCC Ag和CEA的水平 ,分析SCC Ag和CEA检测值与肺癌临床病理特征之间的关系。结果　肺癌患者治疗前血清SCC Ag、CEA升高与肿瘤病理学类型和临床分期呈正相关 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,联合检测可以提高肺癌诊断的阳性率。结论　血清SCC Ag、CEA检测可用于肺癌的辅助诊断以及对病期和预后的判断。     

MICROARRAY ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT GENE EXPRESSION OF HUMAN CERVICAL CANCER SUBCLONE CELL LINES

Objective To examine the differentially expressed invasion-related genes in two anchorage-independent uterine cervical carcinoma cell lines derived from the same patient using a cDNA array. Methods Two human uterine cervical carcinoma subclonal cell lines CS03 and CS07 derived from a single donor line CS1213 were established by limited dilution procedure. The two cDNA samples retro-transcribed from total RNA derived from CS03 and CS07 cells were screened by a cDNA microarray carrying 234 human cell-cycle related genes and 1011 human signal transduction and membrane receptor -associated genes, scanned with a ScanArray 3000 laser scanner. Results The cDNA microarray analysis showed that ]2 genes in CS03 were up-regulated compared to CS07, and 24 genes in CS07 were upregulated. The function of a number of differentially expressed genes was consistently associated with cell-cycle, cell proliferation, migration, apoptusis, signal transduction and tumor metastasis, including p34^cdc2, TSC22, plasminogen activator inhibitor Ⅰ （PAI-1）and desmusome associated protein（Pinin）. Conclusion Multiple genes are differentially expressed in uterine cervical carcinoma cell lines even came from the same patient. It is suggested that these genes are involved in the different phenotypic characteristics and development of cervical carcinoma.