轮乘制下的铁路乘务排班系统

针对铁路乘务制度由包乘制改为轮乘制,建立基于回溯算法的乘务排班系统,完成乘务计划快速自动编排,降低乘务成本。     

一种引入目标运动速度的多站无源时差定位方法

在多站测角的被动目标跟踪中,目标的状态与角度量测值之间存在非线性关系,现有的方法主要是对其进行线性化,但线性化过程会带来滤波精度的下降,甚至会产生滤波发散而丢失目标。针对这一问题提出一种新方法,由于利用多普勒测速原理可以获得目标运动速度,因此将目标运动速度引入量测方程中,通过附加独立信息观测通道以期提高目标跟踪的收敛精度和收敛速度。仿真结果证实会使滤波算法收敛速度加快,收敛精度提高,改善跟踪性能。     

深海采矿双波浪补偿系统自适应跟踪控制

为满足深海采矿过程中管道的快速自动对接要求,设计了一种能够同时进行布放回收和升沉补偿的双波浪液压补偿系统.基于波波夫超稳定理论,设计了上波浪补偿的自适应跟踪控制律.仿真实验结果表明,上波浪补偿系统能够在自适应跟踪控制律作用下,迅速跟踪下波浪补偿系统的升沉运动,其跟踪精度能够满足同步对接要求.     

Design of an adaptive controller for dive-plane control of a torpedo-shaped AUV

Underwater vehicles operating in complex ocean conditions present difficulties in determining accurate dynamic models. To guarantee robustness against parameter uncertainty, an adaptive controller for dive-plane control, based on Lyapunov theory and back-stepping techniques, was proposed. In the closed-loop system, asymptotic tracking of the reference depth and pitch angle trajectories was accomplished. Simulation results were presented which show effective dive-plane control in spite of the uncertainties in the system parameters.     

基于当前统计模型的三维空间机动目标跟踪算法

对可以观测距变率和角变率的雷达观测系统提出了在三维空间中引入距变率(径向速度)和角变率(角速度)的当前统计卡尔曼滤波算法。针对三维空间中的机动目标,将新提出的算法和传统算法进行仿真,结果表明,当引入距变率和角变率时,其收敛速度加快,收敛精度提高,改善了跟踪性能,具有工程实践指导意义。     

沥青混合料汉堡车辙试验条件及评价指标研究

采用2种沥青、2种级配拌制4种混合料,分别在水浴和空气浴下进行50℃和60℃的汉堡车辙试验,分析了水和温度对车辙深度的影响;讨论了车辙深度和蠕变速率指标评价沥青混合料高温性能的不足,提出了车辙变形率指标.结果表明,水环境和提高温度都会加速车辙的产生,50℃水浴和60℃空气浴车辙深度的相关性好,50℃水浴汉堡车辙试验可以反映沥青混合料的抗车辙性能,建议B级沥青采用45℃,A级沥青采用50℃,改性沥青采用60℃的试验温度.     

交通运输事故隐患跟踪管理系统开发研究

事故隐患跟踪管理系统主要针对交通运输部门对隐患识别、隐患上报、隐患控制、隐患消除进行全过程的隐患跟踪管理,并以此为依据开发基于B/S实现的交通运输部门隐患跟踪管理系统,以实现交通运输部门不同层级的企事业单位对隐患管理的网络化办公,提高交通行业的安全隐患管理效率,做到防范于未然,把安全隐患消灭在萌芽状态。     

智能分布式驱动汽车路径跟踪/制动能量回收协同控制策略研究

为了解决智能分布式驱动汽车路径跟踪与制动能量回收系统间的协同控制难题,充分考虑分布式驱动汽车四轮扭矩独立可控在智能驾驶系统中的优势,设计适应不同路面附着条件的智能分布式驱动汽车转向、制动分层协同控制策略。上层控制器依据不同的路面类型设计差异化的多目标代价函数,以综合优化各工况下的控制目标。高附路面下,制定满足最大能量回收值的全局参考车速,在线优化路径跟踪指令,实现最优能量回收的同时减小系统运算负荷;低附路面下,优先考虑车辆的路径跟踪性能和行驶稳定性,在多目标代价函数中取消对全局参考车速的跟随要求,增设终端速度约束与能量回收项性能指标并减小能量回收项性能指标的权重系数。上层控制器基于模型预测控制方法对多目标代价函数进行滚动优化与预测求解,得到期望的前轮转角及4个车轮的总制动扭矩需求。下层控制器根据制动扭矩需求对四轮的液压制动扭矩和电机制动扭矩进行分配,最终完成整个复合制动过程。基于MATLAB/Simulink和CarSim软件,搭建控制器在环仿真平台,并在高附和低附路面条件下对所提出的策略进行试验验证。研究结果表明：高附路面下,所提出的控制策略在准确跟踪期望路径的同时相较固定比例制动力分配方法可提升2.7%的能量回收值并减少约0.02 s的单次计算时间;低附路面下,与使用高附控制策略相比,能够保证车辆的路径跟踪准确性与行驶稳定性,同时可提升7.8%的能量回收值;控制器在环试验结果证明了该协同控制策略对车辆性能提升的有效性。     

Camera calibration and vehicle tracking: Highway traffic video analytics

We describe a real-time highway surveillance system (RHSS), which operates autonomously to collect statistics (speed and volume) and generates incident alerts (e.g., stopped vehicles). The system is designed to optimize long-term real-time performance accuracy. It also provides convenient integration to an existing surveillance infrastructure with different levels of service. Innovations include a novel 3-D Hungarian algorithm which is utilized for object tracking and a practical, hands-off mechanism for camera calibration. Speed is estimated based on trajectories after mapping/alignment with respect to dominant paths learned based on an evolutionary dynamics model. The system, RHSS, is intensively evaluated under different scenarios such as rain, low-contrast and high-contrast lightings. Performance is presented in comparison to a current commercial product. The contribution is innovation of new technologies that enable hands-off calibration (i.e., automatic detection of vanishing points) and improved accuracy (i.e., illumination balancing, tracking via a new 3-D Hungarian algorithm, and re-initialization of background detection on-the-fly). Results indicate the capability and applicability of the proposed system in real-time and real-world settings.     

About the possibilities of using the renewable energy power sources on railway transport

Several electrification systems based on renewable energy power sources (first of all, solar energy) are discussed in respect to their applicability to railway transport and, in particular, to suburban electric trains. Two systems are considered with basic technical details and economic estimation, both including the onboard bank of batteries and the photovoltaic converters (PVC) of solar energy for compensation of energy expenses, which could be positioned either on stations or on wagon's roofs. Sun‐tracking systems and their effect on the solar energy conversion efficiency are discussed in application to stationary and moving PVC platforms. An analysis made shows that introduction of the “green” systems discussed will not only have positive ecological impact, but also can bring a notable economical effect even with today's components, while it could be considerably greater with the usage of new PVCs, which are being developed by the authors. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.