国产兼容型列车超速防护系统车载设备研制

以北京地铁八通线列车超速防护（automatic train protection,ATP）系统车载设备研制为背景,对该车裁设备需要完成的主要功能进行阐述,并对其控制模式、驾驶模式、速度测量、地面信息采集、系统安全性和可用性等进行分析,介绍设备的具体实现和应用情况。     

1oo2D模型分析及其在地铁列车自动防护系统中的应用

针对IEC 61508标准中的1oo2D模型,分析了影响安全性的三种错误.计算了应用1oo2D模型的车载列车自动防护(ATP)系统的安全性和可用性,阐述了1oo2D模型在地铁ATP系统中的应用方式.在地铁的ATP系统中,采用1oo2D模型设计车载系统是完全可行的,其安全运算板部分预估的安全指标符合SIL4的要求,其运算...     

基于换乘衔接的单线末班车衔接方案优化方法

城市轨道交通网络化运营模式下,网络运营协调成为提高城市轨道交通系统整体服务水平和发挥其总体运输效能的关键,而末班车衔接方案的优化,更是路网协调方案优化的重点。以单线末班车为目标,基于多地点衔接约束,建立了城市轨道交通单线末班车衔接方案优化编制模型(简称SLLTM),并针对模型的全局非连续、局部连续且线性单调的特性,提出了相应的分步分段求解算法。并通过案例进行了验证,结果表明,所提出的模型及算法简单实用,能够为路网末班车衔接方案编制提供一定的依据。     

综合监控系统RAMS及全生命周期成本分析与研究

根据轨道交通综合监控系统的特性,对系统RAMS进行分析,制定合理可行的方案,并采取相应的技术手段,保证综合监控系统稳定安全运行。关注系统全生命周期成本,在系统不同的生命周期阶段做出积极的反应和决策,进一步优化成本和整合资源,以实现社会效益和经济效益的双赢。     

Car availability change in England and Wales 1971–1981

The aggregate dynamics of car ownership have overshadowed the dynamics of car ownership and availability at the personal and household level. These dynamics have only recently been investigated in more depth. This paper contributes to this work by probing a special data source, theLongitudinal Study (LS) produced by the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys, for the changes in household car availability.The paper describes the LS and explains its special format, as a Census-based ~1% sample of the population of England and Wales.The analysis focuses on the car availability dynamics of a number of groups defined by changes in their life cycle position. Special attention is given to those households where the LS member remains a dependent child throughout the study period.The results show that all studied household types increase and decrease their car holdings, but that there are patterns in this process, which vary from group to group. In particular, the size of the previous car fleet has a different influence on the current fleet size from life cycle group to life cycle group.The paper argues in its conclusion to incorporate these differentials into the further work on car ownership and car ownership change.The work reported here was performed, while the author was a staff member of the Centre for Transport Studies, Imperial College, London.     

基于偏好序的高铁票价与售票时间窗联合优化

采用形式灵活且适用性好的偏好序模型刻画旅客购票选择行为，拓展现有高速铁路动态定价与售票控制策略联合优化的研究方法。按照票价变动范围划分客票等级，结合偏好序模型的特点，通过决策各等级客票售票时间窗进行售票控制，同时，在一定范围内优化各客票等级的票价，实现票价与售票控制的联合决策。本文在分析弹性客流的基础上，采用偏好序选择概率、 到达率和时间窗长度测算客票销售量。根据运营需要设定客票产品排序，以各客票产品停售时间和票价作为决策变量，建立以期望总收益最大为目标的非线性规划模型，并且将粒子群算法与线性规划精确求解嵌套求解模型。以京沪高铁为背景进行数值实验，结果表明：与固定各等级票价只优化售票时间窗的方案相比，联合优化方案可提升期望总收益约4.54%；不同需求水平下，联合优化方案的期望总收益均高于固定票价方案；期望总收益随着转移购买概率增加而增加，且不同转移概率取值下联合优化方案的期望总收益均高于固定票价方案。所提方案可为高铁列车动态定价和制定售票控制策略提供决策支持。     

大榭第二大桥主桥边跨钢箱梁多点自平衡液压滑移技术

大榭第二大桥主桥部分岸上边跨及浅水区边跨,大型船舶无法进入桥位区进行吊装施工,因此边跨及次边跨钢箱梁节段均采用搭设支架后将梁段逐段吊装至支架上然后纵移就位的施工方法.大榭第二大桥主桥钢箱梁支架构造复杂,且钢箱梁需要先纵移后横移,移动距离最长达150 m.介绍边跨钢箱梁在复杂支架上长距离滑移关键技术,重点阐述了不规则钢箱梁在复杂支架上长距离滑移施工过程的计算论证及多点自平衡同步液压滑移系统的研发及应用.     

Application of fuzzy theory for identifying the required availability of an autonomous localization unit in European Train Control System

According to the evolution tendency of the control decision process from a trackside to a train-borne system, various autonomous localization units for railway vehicles were developed. As recommended in railway standards, the design process of each system, here the autonomous localization units (LU), follows the V-model whose first step is to define its availability requirement in order to satisfy the global ETCS system requirements. The classical approach for assigning the subsystem availability is based on the assumption that failure parameters of other units are precisely known. This assumption is too restricted in reality due to the lack of information. In this paper, we propose a new approach that allows taking into account uncertainties in the dependability parameters of the ETCS components for identifying the upper threshold of the LU unavailability to reach ETCS availability requirements. Using fuzzy fault trees, the fuzzy unavailability of the ETCS without the autonomous LU is evaluated. Then, based on its membership function, we assess the satisfaction rate that an advanced ETCS with the autonomous LU can satisfy the ETCS availability target.     

Multi-Point and Multi-Interval Availabilities for Markov Repairable Systems with History-Dependent Up and Down States

A Markov repairable system with history-dependent up and down states is presented. The state space of the repairable system is divided into three sets, which are up states, down states and changeable states.Using aggregated stochastic processes, we can get the multi-interval availability and multi-point availability for the Markov repairable system. Finally, numerical examples are given to illustrate the obtained results.     

基于使用可用度的舰船电子信息系统R MS 参数权衡方法*

舰船电子信息系统是舰船武器装备重要组成,针对研制阶段其可靠性、维修性、保障性参数（RM S参数）的综合权衡问题,以使用可用度为约束,以实现寿命周期费用最低为目标,提出了基于使用可用度的RM S参数权衡方法,并给出了权衡方法中,基于RM S参数的使用可用度及寿命周期费用的计算模型。