试论市政给排水预应力钢筋混凝土管道施工技术

该文结合预应力混凝土管道工程的设计、施工经验,归纳了此类工程设计、施工中的几个重要问题,提出了相应的施工质量控制措施,可供有关技术人员参考,目的在于提高预应力混凝土管道的工程质量。     

城市道路识别性分析与研究

阐述识别性的概念和重要作用。将道路识别性划分为道路可识别、方位可识别、环境可识别。通过对广州、深圳2座城市道路识别性的介绍,研究加强道路识别性的方法：设置路名标志,强化道路特征,完善行人标识系统,优化路网结构。提出标识系统的设置原则为：完整性、连贯性、适地性、简约性,并探讨路网优化方法,     

市政给水排水管道的类型与选择

城市化进程对市政给水排水提出了较高的要求。市政给水排水管道主要埋设在地面以下,管道的安全性关系到供水的安全性、排水的及时性。所以合理地选择管道的类型对市政给水排水工程较为重要。该文阐述了给水排水管道的类型与选择。认为:塑料管以其水力性能好、耐腐蚀性能好,安装方便等优点在市政给水排水中应用越来越广泛。钢管的抗压能力好,在供水的输水管、污水厂区使用较多。钢筋混凝土管制作成本低,在超大管径的排水管与雨水管具有较大的应用空间。     

交通优化设计理念指导下的道路工程实践

分析了泉州市秀涂南北主干道在城市路网中的功能定位,提出了主辅路的横断面方案,在交通优化设计理念的指导下,通过交叉口渠化、主辅车道出入口设计、公交专用道设置、路段掉头设计、人行过街横道、主线局部绿波交通等设计理念的综合应用,完善了道路交通功能,极大地提高了泉州市秀涂南北主干道的通行能力和服务水平。     

主辅道路交叉口处交通组织设计

针对主辅道路的平面交叉口存在的特点进行分析,总结交通组织设计一般应考虑的因素,并提出各种不同可能的交叉口交通组织方式,分析其特点及适用条件,最后以工程实例进一步分析说明,有关经验可供相关专业人员参考。     

浅谈人行道的设置

人行道是市政道路的重要组成部分,结合具体工程实践,对人行道的功能及设置进行了阐述,有关经验可供相关专业人员参考。     

平原水网区城市道路路基浅层处治总结

对淮海地区城市道路路基处治中的传统方法进行归纳,结合地质条件、土的物理参数及处治材料对处治原理进行理论分析。总结了管道开挖降低地下水位,掺灰、"闷灰",水泥土处治"夜潮砂",换填毛石、碎石、"山皮石"、废弃物等既经济又便于操作的浅层处理方案,提出了施工注意事项,并提供了大量的工程实例供参考。     

矿用无人运输车辆轨迹跟踪控制算法研究

矿用无人运输车辆作业环境恶劣,存在大曲率弯道、坡道等非结构化道路明显特征,对无人化运输控制要求高。为改善PID等传统控制算法适应性问题,提高无人驾驶轨迹跟踪的车辆横纵向控制精度,提出一种纯跟踪与PID结合的多点预瞄横向控制、考虑模糊控制表参数拟合的纵向控制方法,减少控制参数的同时提高算法效果。根据传统控制算法设计基础控制器,结合基础算法优势进行横向与纵向控制算法设计,通过硬件在环仿真和实车测试验证算法的性能。试验结果表明,横向控制算法与斯坦利算法相比,车辆路径跟踪精度有明显改善,纵向控制方面,速度跟随误差<1 km/h,保证了车辆驾驶时的平稳性与舒适性。     

关于市政公用事业投融资机制改革的思考

随着城市化进程的加快 ,市政公用基础设施需要进一步加大投入 ,加快发展。本文提出了市政公用事业应走多元投资之路 ,逐步形成自我发展的良性循环的观点 ,并对如何实现良性发展提出了若干建议。     

Commercially managed road funds: managing roads like a business,not like a bureaucracy

Nearly all countries are seriously short of revenues for investment and maintenance of roads. Improving utilization of the existing road budget has helped to narrow, but not eliminate, this financing gap. Requests for additional resources from the government's budget have fallen on deaf ears, because the road sector has grown too large to be fully-financed through general tax revenues. Government tax systems were not designed to finance major economic sectors like roads. Faced with an acute shortage of funds, many road agencies have introduced tolls on high-volume roads and have invited the private sector to build and operate such roads under concession agreements. Although this has narrowed the financing gap, tolling is only economic on a small part of the road network. Tolls have thus had a relatively small impact on the financing gap. Against this background, and mindful of the fact that roads are now 'big business' on the scale of the Fortune Global 500, a growing number of countries have started to 'bring roads into the market place, put them on a fee-for-service basis and manage them like a business.' The fee-for-service concept, though superficially like the user-pay principle and the associated road funds which became popular during the 1950s, differs from user-pay in a number of important respects. The key differences are that: (i) only road user charges go into the road fund (i.e., there are no earmarked taxes); (ii) the fund is managed by a representative board with half or more members representing road users and the business community; (iii) members are nominated by the constituencies they represent and there is an independent chairperson; (iv) financing arrangements are designed to ensure that money is not diverted from other sectors; (v) funds are managed pro-actively by a small secretariat; (vi) there are published financial regulations governing the way funds are managed; (vii) charges are adjusted regularly to meet agreed expenditure targets; and (viii) there are regular technical and financial audits. Other important characteristics are that most commercially managed road funds are managed through a separate road fund administration, funds are channeled to all roads (sometimes even to unclassified roads) and they are introduced as part of a wider agenda to commercialize road management. Some of these road funds have been set up as road public utilities under a board with powers to set their own tariffs.