Forecasting journey time distribution with consideration to abnormal traffic conditions

Travel time is an important index for managers to evaluate the performance of transportation systems and an intuitive measure for travelers to choose routes and departure times. An important part of the literature focuses on predicting instantaneous travel time under recurrent traffic conditions to disseminate traffic information. However, accurate travel time prediction is important for assessing the effects of abnormal traffic conditions and helping travelers make reliable travel decisions under such conditions. This study proposes an online travel time prediction model with emphasis on capturing the effects of anomalies. The model divides a path into short links. A Functional Principal Component Analysis (FPCA) framework is adopted to forecast link travel times based on historical data and real-time measurements. Furthermore, a probabilistic nested delay operator is used to calculate path travel time distributions. To ensure that the algorithm is fast enough for online applications, parallel computation architecture is introduced to overcome the computational burden of the FPCA. Finally, a rolling horizon structure is applied to online travel time prediction. Empirical results for Guangzhou Airport Expressway indicate that the proposed method can capture an abrupt change in traffic state and provide a promising and reliable travel time prediction at both the link and path levels. In the case where the original FPCA is modified for parallelization, accuracy and computational effort are evaluated and compared with those of the sequential algorithm. The proposed algorithm is found to require only a piece rather than a large set of traffic incident records.     

正紧算子刻划Banach格l_1

本文证明了Banach格E的一个正规化基{x_n}是格等价于l_1的自然基{e_n}的充要条件是每一Banach格F到E内的正紧算子T都有形如 Tx=∑x_n的表达式,其中∑a_n是F’中w~*-无条件收敛级数,且a_n≥0。一些相关的结果也略加讨论。     

基于剩余蕴涵的模糊三I方法的支持度

利用连续三角模导出剩余蕴涵算子，根据三角模和剩余蕴涵算子的性质，得出了满足一定条件的该类算子的三I算法．分析了在该类算子下的支持度理论，并推导了一般化的α-三IFMP和α-三IFMT公式．     

线性算子P—条件数的一些性质

众所周知,常用的线性算子的条件数有 k—条件数和 P—条件数。笔者讨论了 P—条件数的一些性质,得到如下主要结果:(1)给出了 P(T)=k(r)的充分必要条件;(2)给出了 P(T)=1时,线性算子 T 的谱的构成和 P(T)=1的一些条件;(3)把线性算子 P—条件数的一些性质推广到了伪 P—条件数的情形。     

小鼠10号染色体上致聋突变基因hml的精确定位(英文)

目的　定位小鼠致聋基因 ,识别决定其性状的有关突变 ,为人类耳聋基因研究提供动物模型。方法　利用全基因组扫描来定位名为hml可致小鼠听力丧失突变基因。结果　①hml基因定位在小鼠 10号染色体上 ,距中心粒约4 3cM处。根据已知的鼠 人同源同线性特点 ,提示人的同源基因位于 12 q2 2 -q2 4 ;②获得了 2 5个多态性微卫星标记 ,通过高分辨的小鼠图谱将 3个已知人类基因进行了正确排列 ,并将hml侯选基因限定在一个 5 0 0kb的区域内。     

PCR-SSP检测人胰腺癌细胞株PC-2K-ras基因点突变及其方式

目的　检测人胰腺癌细胞株PC 2K ras基因点突变及其突变方式 ,明确基因治疗靶点的碱基序列。方法　针对K ras基因第 1 2位密码子点突变方式 (CGT、CAT、GTT)设计顺序特异性引物 (SSP) ,对人胰腺癌细胞株PC 2进行聚合酶链反应 (PCR) ,扩增产物借助聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳判定该细胞株有无K ras基因点突变及其突变方式。结果　人胰腺癌细胞株PC 2存在K ras基因点突变 ,突变方式为CGT。结论　PCR SSP法简便快速 ,特异性高 ,本研究结果为胰腺癌的下一步基因治疗奠定了基础     

K-ras基因点突变在非小细胞肺癌中的意义

目的探讨K-ras基因点突变在非小细胞肺癌中的临床意义。方法应用聚合酶链反应结合限制性片段长度多态性分析技术检测41例非小细胞肺癌（NSCLc），21例肺癌癌旁正常肺组织和21例肺癌支气管旁淋巴结组织中K-ras基因第12位密码子点突变。结果41例NSCLC中有10例K-ras基因点突变，发生率为24.39％。K-ras基因点突变同患者性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、分化程度、临床分期和肿瘤类型无明显关系，吸烟组K-ras基因点突变率高于非吸烟组，但统计学处理无显著性差异，进一步分层比较发现肺腺癌K-ras基因点突变与吸烟有密切关系，但与吸烟量大小及时间长短无关。21例肺癌支气管旁淋巴结组织中检出4例K-ras基因点突变，均为转移淋巴结。K-ras基因突变组死亡率明显高于非突变组，统计学处理有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。结论K-ras基因第12位密码子点突变在NSCLC的发病机制中起重要作用，是影响肺癌预后的独立因素。吸烟是肺腺癌中K-ras基因点突变的一个重要因素。     

一类经典Banach格上保不交算子的矩阵刻画

对向量格Rn 到Rm 的保不交算子进行矩阵刻画 ,即矩阵的每行至多有一个元素不为零 .并把此结果推广到了经典Banach格c0 和lp(1≤p <∞ )到l∞(c或c0 )的有界保不交算子的情况 .讨论了具有不交Schauder基的Banach格上有界保不交算子的矩阵特征 .     

拟非扩张算子序列Ishikawa迭代过程的构造及收敛性

以一致凸Banach空间的有界闭凸集上的拟非扩张算子的不动点问题进行了研究。得出了该类算子有公共不动点的充分条件，并构造了相应的Ishikawa迭代序列使之收敛于其公共不动点。此结果是近期相关结论的推广。     

THE HUMORAL AND CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSES INDUCED BY HPV18L1-E6/E7 DNA VACCINES IN MICE

Objective To construct eukaryutic expression vector of HPV18 L1- E6, E7 chimeric gene and examine the humorul and cellular immune responses induced by this DNA vaccines in mice. Methods The C-terminal of major rapsid protein L1 gene and mutant zinc finger domains of early E6/7 oncogenes in HPV18 were integrated and inserted into eukaryotic expression vector pVAX1 to generate vaccines pVAX1-L1E6Mxx, ETMxx. CHO cells were transiently transfected with the individual construct. Target protein expressions in the lysate of the transfected cells were measured by ELISA and immunocytochemistry After BALB/c mice were vaccinated with various recombinant plusmids（pVAX1- L1-E6M3 or pVAX1-L1-E7M3 ） and immunie adjuvants （pLXHDmB7-2 or LTB） through different administration routes （intramuscular or intranasal） , the great cellular immune responses were produced us revealed by delayed-type hypersensitivity （DTH） and lymphocyte proliferation, and the expression of IL-4 and IFN- 7 cells in CD4^＋ and CD8^＋ subpopulations. Results The highly efficient expression of pVAX1-L1E6Mxx, E7Mxx vector in host eukaryotic cells were demonstrated both by ELISA and immunocytochemistry. The level of specific serum IgG against HPV in experiment groups mice was much higher than that of control group, and intranuscular immunization group had the highest antibody level. Intramuscular immunization groups were superior to intranasal immunization groups in DTH response, splenocyte proliferation and CD8^＋ IFN-γ^＋ cells number, but CD4^＋ IL4^＋ cell number was higher in intranasul immunization groups. The immunization groups using pLXHDmB7.-2 as adjuvant were superior to other groups in immunorespouse. Conclusion These DNA vaccines produce remarkable cellular and humorul immune responses in the mouse and may provide us prophylatic and therapeutic candidates for HPV induced cancer treatment.