大剂量维生素C对急性肺损伤的保护作用

目的观察大剂量维生素C(500mg/kg)对油酸诱导的家兔急性肺损伤的预防和治疗效果。方法30只家兔分为4组:对照组(CG),油酸组(OG),预防组(PG)及治疗组(TG)。于油酸注入前(0)及后30、90、150min采各组动物颈总动脉血测PaO2、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、血浆丙二醛(MDA)。实验末右肺测湿质量,取支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)后烤箱烘干得湿干质量比值,留少许左肺标本甲醛固定做切片。结果油酸注入30min后,PG组和TG组PaO2及SOD明显高于OG组(P<0.01);而MDA明显低于OG组(P<0.01)。实验末PG组和TG组BALF中总蛋白、肺湿干质量比较OG组低(P<0.05);肺组织病理切片显示损伤较轻。结论大剂量维生素C对油酸所致的家兔急性肺损伤,通过清除氧自由基而发挥保护作用。     

THE EFFECT OF ACUTE MYOCARDIUM ISCHEMIC ON HEART FUNCTION OF PREGNANCY RAT

In recent years,extensive research is underwayto investigate characteristics of coronary heart dis-ease(CHD)among women.Epidemiology has in-dicatedthat sex difference has an obvious presenceinCHD incidence and mortality.Womenprior tomenopause have a muchlower presence inincidenceof CHD[1-2].Whilethe incidence and mortality raterise significantly among post menopausal women orthose who have ovary removed,si milar to that ofsame-age men.It showed that the estrogenlevel hasa close relationshi…     

纳洛酮对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的　观察纳洛酮对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法　用改良Longa法制作局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤模型 ,观察不同剂量纳洛酮对模型大鼠神经功能障碍、脑梗死范围、脑组织病理改变以及血清中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和肌酸激酶 (CK)含量的影响。结果　纳洛酮能剂量依赖性地降低模型大鼠的血清LDH、CK ,减少梗死面积 ,降低神经功能行为评分 ,减轻脑组织病理改变。结论　纳洛酮对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤有一定的保护作用     

保肝解毒颗粒对四环素致急性肝损伤小鼠肝细胞超微结构的立体计量学分析

目的探讨保肝解毒颗粒对四环素致急性肝损伤小鼠肝细胞超微结构的影响。方法60只小鼠随机分为模型组、保肝解毒颗粒大、中、小剂量组、甘利欣对照组和空白对照组,分别以相应剂量药物灌胃5 d,然后以四环素灌胃造模。对肝组织进行电镜观察,并对肝细胞超微结构进行立体计量学测定分析。结果模型组线粒体、异染色质Vv及线粒体、内质网、高尔基体δm明显降低,常染色质和脂滴Vv明显升高;保肝解毒颗粒可明显升高线粒体、异染色质Vv及线粒体、内质网、高尔基体δm,降低常染色质和脂滴Vv。结论保肝解毒颗粒可使肝细胞超微结构变化显著改善,具有较好的保肝作用。     

沥青路面早期破坏原因分析

从路面设计、施工、养护管理等环节，简析沥青路面早期破坏的原因。     

黄芩甙治疗重症急性胰腺炎肺损伤的实验研究

目的探讨黄芩甙(Baicalin,BA)对大鼠重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)损伤组织细胞间黏附分子(ICAM-1)表达的影响。方法经胆胰管逆行注射62mmol/L的牛磺胆酸钠制备大鼠SAP72只,随机分为3组:正常对照组(SO,n=24)、SAP模型组(SAP,n=24)、黄芩甙治疗组(BA,n=24)。在术后3、6、12h动态观察大鼠胰腺、肺组织病理学改变以及肺组织髓过氧化物酶(MPO)活性变化,用免疫组化方法检测肺组织ICAM-1表达变化情况。结果BA治疗组光镜下肺组织炎症反应程度较SAP组减轻。治疗组6、12h MPO活性低于SAP组(P<0.05)。免疫组化显示SAP组肺组织ICAM-1随着时间推移表达逐渐增强,12h达峰值。BA治疗组ICAM-1各时相点表达均较SAP组为弱(P<0.05)。结论黄芩甙对胰腺炎肺损伤具有一定的治疗保护作用,其作用机制可能与抑制ICMA-1高表达,减少中性粒细胞(PMN)在肺脏聚集有关。     

舒肝丸对大鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用及对胆汁分泌的影响

目的　研究舒肝丸对肝损伤的保护作用 ,以及对胆汁分泌的影响。方法　用四氯化碳致大鼠急性肝损伤 ,以生化指标和病理变化评价舒肝丸的药物作用。以胆总管插管引流法观察药物对胆汁分泌的影响。结果　与模型对照组比较 ,舒肝丸给药组AST、ALT及胆红素指标明显下降 ,白蛋白与球蛋白比值 (A/G)倒置明显改善 ;病理切片显示各给药组与病理模型组比较 ,肝组织损伤明显减轻。舒肝丸给药前后对胆汁分泌量无明显影响。结论　舒肝丸对四氯化碳所致的大鼠急性肝损伤有保护作用 ,而对胆汁分泌无影响     

急性颅脑损伤患者血清和脑脊液酶活性的改变

本文对80例急性颅脑损伤患者血清和脑脊液CPK、LDH、GOT以及LAP活性作了测定。结果表明,急性颅脑损伤患者后当天和伤后第1天血清和脑脊液CPK、LDH活性以及脑脊液GOT活性显著升高(P<0.05),而伤后当天的血清和脑脊液酶活性与急性颅脑损伤的脑损伤程度和患者预后则无明显相关(P>0.05)。故我们认为,外伤后早期血清和脑脊液CPK、LDH活性以及脑脊液GOT活性可作为急性颅脑损伤诊断的一项辅助指标,至于脑脊液酶活性对判断急性颅脑损伤的脑损伤程度和患者预后的价值尚待继续探讨。     

Effects of rhubarb extracts on hyperexcitability of hippocampal CA1 neurons after fluid percussion injury

Objective To investigate the effects of rhubarb extracts, i.e. rhein and emodin, on the neuronal hyperexcitability and synaptic transmission, and to ,further reveal the mechanism of the secondary brain damage. Methods The fluid percussion injury （FPI） rat model and extracellular recording method were used. The evoked field potentials by stimulating Schaffer collaterals were collected from the ipsilateral （impact side） and the contralateral hippocampal CA1 areas of rat in vitro . And the field potentials, including the field excitatory postsynaptic potential and the population spike, were analyzed. Results After the impact was performed on the rat parietal cortex, the evoked field potentials in the ipsilateral hippocampus CA1 area were enhanced obviously. Rhubarb extracts reduced the slope of the field excitatory postsynaptic potential and the number of the population spike significantly while rhein and emodin increased the latency of the population spike obviously. Conclusion Rhubarb extracts, i.e. rhein and emodin, can depress the neuronal hyperexcitability, which suggests that rhein and emodin play an important role in protecting the central nervous system from neuronal damage after traumatic brain injury. FPI produces hyperexcitability of hippocampal CA1 neurons, probably by enhancing excitatory synaptic transmission.     

不同镇静剂量异丙酚对局灶性脑缺血损伤的保护机制

目的　观察不同镇静剂量异丙酚对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用 ,研究其保护作用的机制。方法　用改良Longa法制作局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的模型 ,观察不同镇静剂量异丙酚对模型组大鼠神经症状 ,血清中乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)和肌酸激酶 (CK)含量的影响 ,测定脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性 ,脂质过氧化产物丙二醛 (MDA)含量。结果　实验发现 ,镇静大剂量及中剂量异丙酚组大鼠血清中LDH ,CK及脑组织中MDA含量明显低于模型组 ,脑组织中SOD的活性明显高于模型组 ,且呈一定量效关系。结论　镇静剂量异丙酚对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤有保护作用 ,其机制与清除氧自由基有关。